scholarly journals III. Propagation of magnetization of iron as affected by the electric currents in the iron

1895 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 93-121 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Copper Wire ◽  
The Other ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Wrought Iron ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Core ◽  
King's College ◽  
Magnetic Coils ◽  
In Series ◽  
Different Depths

It is not unfamiliar to those who have worked on large dynamos with the ballistic galvanometer, that the indications of the galvanometer do not give the whole changes which occur in the induction. Let the deflections of the galvanometer connected to an exploring coil be observed when the main current in the magnetic coils is reversed. The first elongation will be much greater than the second in the other direction, and probably the third greater than the second—showing that a continued current exists in one direction for a time comparable with the time of oscillation of the galvanometer. These effects cannot be got rid of, though they can be diminished by passing the exciting current through a non-inductive resistance and increasing the electromotive force employed. This if carried far enough would be effective if the iron of the cores were divided so that no currents could exist in the iron; but the currents in the iron, if the core is solid, continue for a considerable time and maintain the magnetism of the interior of the core in the direction it had before reversal of current. It was one of our objects to investigate this more closely by ascertaining the changes occurring at different depths in a core in terms of the time after reversal has been made. The experiments were carried out in the Siemens Laboratory, King’s College, London; and the electro-magnet used is shown in fig. 1. It consists in its first form, the results of which though instructive are not satisfactory, of two vertical wroughtiron cores, 18 inches long and 4 inches diameter, wound with 2595 and 2613 turns respectively of No. 16 B. W. G. cotton-covered copper wire—the resistance of the two coils in series being 16·3 ohms. The yoke is of wrought-iron 4 inches square in section and 2 feet long. The pole-pieces are of wrought-iron 4 inches square, and all surfaces in contact are truly planed. One of the pole-pieces is turned down at the end, which butts on the other pole-piece, for half an inch of its length to a diameter of 4 inches; and three circular grooves are cut in the abutting face having mean

Mechanical arrangement of the parasternal intercostals in the different interspaces

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 1421-1429 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. De Troyer ◽  
G. A. Farkas
Keyword(s):  
Inspiratory Muscle ◽  
The Other ◽  
Diaphragmatic Paralysis ◽  
Bilateral Stimulation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Inspiratory Muscles ◽  
Muscle Shortening ◽  
In Series ◽  
Mechanical Arrangement ◽  
Stimulation Of

When the parasternal intercostal in a single interspace is selectively denervated in dogs with diaphragmatic paralysis, it continues to shorten during both quiet and occluded inspiration. In the present studies, we have tested the hypothesis that this passive parasternal inspiratory shortening is due to the action of the other parasternal intercostals. Changes in length of the denervated third right parasternal were measured in eight supine phrenicotomized animals. We found that 1) the inspiratory muscle shortening increased after denervation of the third left parasternal but gradually decreased with denervation of the parasternals situated in the second, fourth, and fifth interspaces; 2) the muscle, however, always continued to shorten during inspiration, even after denervation of all the parasternals; 3) stimulating selectively the third left parasternal caused a muscle lengthening; and 4) bilateral stimulation of the parasternals in the second or the fourth interspace produced a muscle shortening. We conclude that 1) the two parasternals situated in the same interspace on both sides of the sternum are mechanically arranged in series, whereas the parasternals located in adjacent interspaces are mechanically arranged in parallel; and 2) if a denervated parasternal continues to shorten during inspiration, this is in part because of the action of the parasternals in the adjacent interspaces and in part because of other inspiratory muscles of the rib cage, possibly the external intercostals and the levator costae.

scholarly journals Determination of Phenylephrine Hydrochloride, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, and Methscopolamine Nitrate in Tablets or Capsules by Liquid Chromatography with Two UV Absorbance Detectors in Series

2006 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugo R Cieri
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
The Other ◽  
Uv Absorbance ◽  
Chlorpheniramine Maleate ◽  
Phenylephrine Hydrochloride ◽  
Silica Column ◽  
The Third ◽  
Acid Sodium Salt ◽  
In Series

Abstract A procedure is presented for the simultaneous determination of phenylephrine HCl (PE), chlorpheniramine maleate (CM), and methscopolamine nitrate in commercial tablets or capsules by liquid chromatography (LC) with 2 UV absorbance detectors in series. Reference and sample solutions are prepared in methanol. LC separations are performed on a 7.5 cm Novapak silica column. The mobile phase is prepared by mixing 930 mL methanol with 70 mL of a 0.5% aqueous solution of 1-pentanesulfonic acid, sodium salt. The injection volume is 20 L; the flow rate is approximately 1 mL/min. Retention times are approximately 1.5 min for PE, 3 min for CM, and 6 min for methscopolamine nitrate. One detector determines the first 2 compounds at 265 nm, but the third compound does not produce a detectable peak. The other detector set at 210 nm generates peaks for all 3 compounds, but only methscopolamine is within the recorder range; the other 2 compounds are exceedingly off scale. If it is not feasible or desirable to arrange 2 UV absorbance detectors in series, separate determinations can be made, one for the first 2 compounds and the other for the third component of the mixture. Two commercial samples of tablets and 2 commercial samples of capsules were analyzed by the proposed method. Recovery studies were also conducted with amounts of the 3 compounds ranging from 80 to 120% of the quantities present in the sample solutions.

scholarly journals Description of the electro-magnetic clock

1843 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 249-250 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
The Other ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Magnetic Coils ◽  
Small Disc ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Electro Magnetic ◽  
Fixed End ◽  
Metallic Parts

The object of the apparatus forming the subject of this communication, is stated by the author to be that of enabling a single clock to indicate exactly the same time in as many different places, distant from each other, as may be required. Thus, in an astronomical observatory, every room may be furnished with an instrument, simple in its construction, and therefore little liable to derangement, and of trifling cost, which shall indicate the time, and beat dead seconds audibly, with the same precision as the standard astronomical clock with which it is connected; thus obviating the necessity of having several clocks, and diminishing the trouble of winding up and regulating them separately. In like manner, in public offices and large establishments, one good clock will serve the purpose of indicating the precise time in every part of the building where it may be required, and an accuracy ensured which it would be difficult to obtain by independent clocks, even putting the difference of cost out of consideration. Other cases in which the invention might be advantageously employed were also mentioned. In the electro-magnetic clock, which was exhibited in action in the Apartments of the Society, all the parts employed in a clock for maintaining and regulating the power are entirely dispensed with. It consists simply of a face with its second, minute and hour hands, and of a train of wheels which communicate motion from the arbor of the second’s hand to that of the hour hand, in the same manner as in an ordinary clock train; a small electro-magnet is caused to act upon a peculiarly constructed wheel (scarcely capable of being described without a figure) placed on the second’s arbor, in such manner that whenever the temporary magnetism is either produced or destroyed, the wheel, and consequently the second’s hand, advances a sixtieth part of its revolution. It is obvious, then, that if an electric current can be alternately established and arrested, each resumption and cessation lasting for a second, the instrument now described, although unprovided with any internal maintaining or regulating power, would perform all the usual functions of a perfect clock. The manner in which this apparatus is applied to the clocks, so that the movements of the hands of both may be perfectly simultaneous, is the following. On the axis which carries the scape-wheel of the primary clock a small disc of brass is fixed, which is first divided on its circumference into sixty equal parts ; each alternate division is then cut out and filled with a piece of wood, so that the circumference consists of thirty regular alternations of wood and metal. An extremely light brass spring, which is screwed to a block of ivory or hard wood, and which has no connexion with the metallic parts of the clock, rests by its free end on the circumference of the disc. A copper wire is fastened to the fixed end of the spring, and proceeds to one end of the wire of the electro-magnet; while another wire attached to the clock-frame is continued until it joins the other end of that of the same electromagnet. A constant voltaic battery, consisting of a few elements of very small dimensions, is interposed in any part of the circuit. By this arrangement the circuit is periodically made and broken, in consequence of the spring resting for one second on a metal division, and the next second on a wooden division. The circuit may be extended to any length ; and any number of electro-magnetic instruments may be thus brought into sympathetic action with the standard clock. It is only necessary to observe, that the force of the battery and the proportion between the resistances of the electro-magnetic coils and those of the other parts of the circuit, must, in order to produce the maximum effect with the least expenditure of power, be varied to suit each particular case. In the concluding part of the paper the author points out several other and very different methods of effecting the same purpose; and in particular one in which Faraday’s magneto-electric currents are employed, instead of the current produced by a voltaic battery: he also describes a modification of the sympathetic instrument, calculated to enable it to act at great distances with a weaker electric current than if it were constructed on the plan first described.

Levinas: Beyond Reciprocity—For-the-Other and the Costly Gift

2019 ◽  
pp. 52-76
Author(s):  
Marcel Hénaff
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ethical Responsibility ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Gift ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter focuses on Emmanuel Levinas's conception of reciprocity, which allows one to understand what is at the core of his conception of the gift. For him, the gift is always—or rather cannot be anything else than—unconditional oblation, boundless largesse toward Others. This conception precludes any idea of exchange—be it generous and festive—and probably explains why Levinas never discusses the ritual gift Mauss discusses, defined by the triple obligation to give, accept, and reciprocate. Only the first obligation could make sense to Levinas, whereas the third can only turn the gesture of giving toward what he calls the economy, the Same, and happiness. The chapter then determines if it is possible to free reciprocity from the malediction Levinas seems to cast on it, and if the theoretical difficulties he raises might not fall away once a different perspective opens up on the relationship between the Self and Others, without in any way erasing the ethical responsibility of the Self.

scholarly journals μ3-Chlorido-μ2-chlorido-(μ3-pyrrolidine-1-carbodithioato-κ4S:S,S′:S′)tris[(triethylphosphane-κP)copper(I)]: crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 720-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Jiun Tan ◽  
Chien Ing Yeo ◽  
Nathan R. Halcovitch ◽  
Mukesh M. Jotani ◽  
Edward R. T. Tiekink
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hirshfeld Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coordination Geometry ◽  
Distorted Tetrahedron ◽  
Terminal Position ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Core ◽  
Dithiocarbamate Ligand ◽  
Supramolecular Chains

The title trinuclear compound, [Cu3(C5H8NS2)Cl2(C6H15P)3], has the dithiocarbamate ligand symmetrically chelating one CuIatom and each of the S atoms bridging to another CuIatom. Both chloride ligands are bridging, one being μ3- and the other μ2-bridging. Each Et3P ligand occupies a terminal position. Two of the CuIatoms exist within Cl2PS donor sets and the third is based on a ClPS2donor set, with each coordination geometry based on a distorted tetrahedron. The constituents defining the core of the molecule,i.e.Cu3Cl2S2, occupy seven corners of a distorted cube. In the crystal, linear supramolecular chains along thecaxis are formedviaphosphane–methylene-C—H...Cl and pyrrolidine–methylene-C—H...π(chelate) interactions, and these chains pack without directional interactions between them. An analysis of the Hirshfeld surface points to the predominance of H atoms at the surface,i.e.contributing 86.6% to the surface, and also highlights the presence of C—H...π(chelate) interactions.

scholarly journals 3.7 Å cryo-EM structure of the core Centromere Binding Factor 3 complex

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjuan Zhang ◽  
Natalya Lukoynova ◽  
Shomon Miah ◽  
Cara K Vaughan
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Core Complex ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Core ◽  
Binding Factor

SummaryThe Centromere Binding Factor 3 (CBF3) complex binds the third Centromere DNA Element in organisms with point centromeres, such as S. cerevisiae. It is the only essential centromere binding complex as it facilitates genetic specification of point centromeres. It is therefore the most fundamental complex of the kinetochore in these organisms and its association with centromere DNA allows association of all other kinetochore components. We have determined the atomic structure of the core complex of CBF3, comprising 3 of its 4 components, using cryo-EM. The architecture of the complex is 'U'-shaped, with a deep, strongly basic channel that is narrow at one end and wide at the other. Combining our structure and in vitro assays, we present a model for its association with centromere DNA.

scholarly journals Fourth letter on voltaic combinations, with reference to the mutual relations of the generating and conducting surfaces; addressed to Michael Faraday, Esq., D. C. L., F. R. S. &c. By John Frederic Daniell, Esq., F. R. S., Professor of Chemistry in King's College, London

1843 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 43-46
Keyword(s):  
Acid Solution ◽  
Hollow Sphere ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Solid Sphere ◽  
Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
The Other ◽  
King's College ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Mutual Relations ◽  
Michael Faraday

In this communication the author describes a series of experiments, made for the purpose of determining the distribution of the voltaic force from its source in the generating metal, as indicated by the de­position of reduced copper in the constant battery; and, considering that the voltaic combination most perfect in theory would be one formed by a solid sphere, or point, of the generating metal, sur­rounded by a hollow sphere of the conducting metal, with an inter­vening liquid electrolyte, he constructed an apparatus making as near an approximation as possible to these conditions. It consisted of two hollow brass hemispheres, applied to each other by exterior flanges, and rendered water-tight by an intervening collar of leather. In the centre of the hollow sphere thus formed, a ball of amalgamated zinc was suspended by a well-varnished copper wire, connected with one of the cups of a galvanometer, and was contained in a mem­branous bag holding the acid solution ; the whole being introduced through a short tube in the top of the upper hemisphere, and the remaining space being filled with a saturated solution of sulphate of copper. The galvanic circuit was completed by wires establishing connexions between either hemisphere and the other cup of the galva­nometer. For measuring the forces developed, sometimes the ordi­nary magnetic, but in the greater number of instances the calorific galvanometer of De la Rive was employed; the indications given by these instruments were noted, on the completion of the circuit, in various ways; and the deposition of copper in the hemispheres was examined after the apparatus had been in action for a certain number of hours. The following are the conclusions which the author deduced from a series of experiments thus conducted: 1st. The force emanating from the active zinc centre diffuses itself over every part of the upper hemisphere, from which there is a good conducting passage for its circulation.

The Salvage of Ideas: Schumpeter and the Core Problems Still Confronting Economics

2003 ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
P. Wynarczyk
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Core ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

Two aspects of Schumpeter' legacy are analyzed in the article. On the one hand, he can be viewed as the custodian of the neoclassical harvest supplementing to its stock of inherited knowledge. On the other hand, the innovative character of his works is emphasized that allows to consider him a proponent of hetherodoxy. It is stressed that Schumpeter's revolutionary challenge can lead to radical changes in modern economics.

Ethics in the Judiciary System of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-36
Author(s):  
Mehedi Imam
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Judicial Independence ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
The Other ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Ethical Knowledge ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Independent Judiciary ◽  
Role Players ◽  
High Level

In Bangladesh, demand for judicial independence in practice has been a much debated issue and the demand is fulfilled but expectation of people is not only limited to have an independent judiciary but to have an impartial system and cadre of people, which will administer justice rationally being free from fear or force. The independence of judiciary and the impartial judicial practice are related concepts, one cannot sustain without the other and here existence as well as the need of practicing impartiality is well recognized. But the art of practicing impartiality does not develop overnight as it’s related to development of one’s attitude. It takes a considerable time resulting from understanding, appreciating and acknowledging the moral values, ethics and professional responsibility. The judiciary includes Judges, Advocates mostly who are expected to demonstrate a high level of moral values and impartiality towards people seeking justice and ‘rule of law’. This is true that bench officers and clerks are also part of the process to ensure rule of law with same level of participation by the law enforcing agencies such as police. However the paper includes only those who either join judiciary as Judge/Magistrate or Advocate to explore level and extent of ethical knowledge they receive being key role players of the system. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v1i2.9628 Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 2010; 1(2): 34-36

Efficacy of some insecticide modules against major insect pests and spider population of rice, Oryza sativa L.

ENTOMON ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Atanu Seni ◽  
Bhimasen Naik
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Third ◽  
Treated Plot

Experiments were carried out to assess some insecticide modules against major insect pests of rice. Each module consists of a basal application of carbofuran 3G @ 1 kg a.i ha-1 at 20 DAT and Rynaxypyr 20 SC @ 30 g a.i ha-1 at 45 DAT except untreated control. All modules differ with each other only in third treatment which was applied in 65 DAT. The third treatment includes: Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 27 g a.i ha-1, Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 150 g a.i ha-1, Triflumezopyrim 106 SC @ 27 g a.i ha-1, Buprofezin 25 SC @ 250 g a.i ha-1; Glamore (Imidacloprid 40+Ethiprole 40% w/w) 80 WG @ 100 g a.i. ha-1, Thiacloprid 24 SC @ 60 g a.i ha-1, Azadirachtin 0.03 EC @ 8 g a.i ha-1, Dinotefuran 20 SG@ 40 g a.i ha-1 and untreated control. All the treated plots recorded significantly lower percent of dead heart, white ear- head caused by stem borer and silver shoot caused by gall midge. Module with Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 150 g a.i ha-1 treated plot recorded significantly higher per cent reduction of plant hoppers (>80% over untreated control) and produced higher grain yield (50.75 qha-1) than the other modules. Among the different treated modules the maximum number of spiders was found in Azadirachtin 0.03 EC @ 8 g a.i ha-1 treated module plot followed by other treatments.

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