scholarly journals Termite assemblages, forest disturbance and greenhouse gas fluxes in Sabah, East Malaysia

1999 ◽  
Vol 354 (1391) ◽  
pp. 1791-1802 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Eggleton ◽  
R. Homathevi ◽  
D. T. Jones ◽  
J. A. MacDonald ◽  
D. Jeeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Forest Disturbance ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Selective Logging ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Gas Fluxes ◽  
East Malaysia ◽  
Southern Cameroon ◽  
Methane Fluxes ◽  
Composition Changes

A synthesis is presented of sampling work conducted under a UK government–funded Darwin Initiative grant undertaken predominantly within the Danum Valley Conservation Area (DVCA), Sabah, East Malaysia. The project concerned the assemblage structure, gas physiology and landscape gas fluxes of termites in pristine and two ages of secondary, dipterocarp forest. The DVCA termite fauna is typical of the Sunda region, dominated by Termes –group soil–feeders and Nasutitermitinae. Selective logging appears to have relatively little effect on termite assemblages, although soil–feeding termites may be moderately affected by this level of disturbance. Species composition changes, but to a small extent when considered against the background level of compositional differences within the Sunda region. Physiologically the assemblage is very like others that have been studied, although there are some species that do not fit on the expected body size–metabolic rate curve. As elsewhere, soil–feeders and soil–wood interface–feeders tend to produce more methane. As with the termite assemblage characteristics, gross gas and energy fluxes do not differ significantly between logged and unlogged sites. Although gross methane fluxes are high, all the soils at DVCA were methane sinks, suggesting that methane oxidation by methanotrophic bacteria was a more important process than methane production by gut archaea. This implies that methane production by termites in South–East Asia is not contributing significantly to the observed increase in levels of methane production worldwide. Biomass density, species richness, clade complement and energy flow were much lower at DVCA than at a directly comparable site in southern Cameroon. This is probably due to the different biogeographical histories of the areas.

Forest land-use in Sabah, Malaysia: an introduction to Danum Valley

1992 ◽  
Vol 335 (1275) ◽  
pp. 331-339 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Forest Ecology ◽  
Forest Disturbance ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
The State ◽  
Selective Logging ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Leading Role

The Malaysian state of Sabah occupies an area of 73 371 km 2 which is about 10% of the island of Borneo. A bout 60% of the land area is forested and 48% is gazetted as Permanent Forest Reserve or State or National Parks. The largest agent of forest disturbance is the timber industry, which plays a leading role in the state economy. A statutory body, the Sabah Foundation, holds a 100-year timber concession of 973 000 ha (9730 km 2 ) in the southeast of the state. Of this concession 9.7% has been reserved for conservation, including 43 800 ha (438 km 2 ) of uninhabited, mostly lowland forest in an area called Danum Valley. Since 1986, this has been the site of a field centre and a collaborative research programme devoted to comparative study of primary forest ecology and the impacts of selective logging. The paper includes a summary account of the ecology of the Danum Valley Conservation Area.

scholarly journals The freshwater crabs of Danum Valley Conservation Area in Sabah, East Malaysia, with a description of a new species of Thelphusula Bott, 1969 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Gecarcinucidae, Potamidae, Sesarmidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 760 ◽  
pp. 89-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter K. L. Ng ◽  
Paul Y. C. Ng
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
New Record ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Freshwater Crabs ◽  
East Malaysia ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Malaysian Borneo

Seven species of freshwater crabs from three families are recorded from and around the Danum Valley Conservation Area in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo: Thelphusulacapillodigitus sp. n., Thelphusuladicerophilus Ng & Stuebing, 1990, Arachnothelphusaterrapes Ng, 1991, Terrathelphusasecula Ng & Tan, 2015, Parathelphusavalida Ng & Goh, 1987 (new record) (Gecarcinucidae); Isolapotamoningeri Ng & Tan, 1998 (Potamidae); and Geosesarmadanumense Ng, 2002 (Sesarmidae). The new species of Thelphusula Bott, 1979, can be distinguished from all congeners by a unique combination of morphological features, most notably the presence of dense patches of short setae on the fingers of the adult male chelipeds, as well as the structure of the male first gonopod. Arachnothelphusaterrapes is confirmed to be a phytotelm species. A key to all species in the conservation area is provided.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Growth patterns of Shorea leprosula and Dryobalanops lanceolata in Borneo’s forest managed with Selective Cutting with Line Replanting System

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1160-1165
Author(s):  
MOHAMAD TAUFAN TIRKAAMIANA ◽  
RUHYAT PARTASASMITA ◽  
LEGOWO KAMARUBAYANA
Keyword(s):  
Line Width ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Selective Logging ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Selective Cutting ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots ◽  
Diameter Increment ◽  
Dryobalanops Lanceolata ◽  
Shorea Leprosula

Abstract. Tirkaamiana MT, Partasasmita R. Kamarubayana L. 2019. Growth patterns of Shorea leprosula and Dryobalanops lanceolata in Borneo’s forest managed with Selective Cutting with Line Replanting System. Biodiversitas 20: 1160-1165. Dryobalanops lanceolata is a species of plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae, which indigenous of Borneo. It is found in at least five protected areas (Kabilli-Sepilok Forest Reserve, Danum Valley Conservation Area, Ulu Temburong, Lambir, and Gunung Mulu National Parks), but is threatened elsewhere due to habitat loss. The demand for its timber is very high, so it requires conservation efforts while at the same time maintaining its productivity to meet the timber demand. One of the efforts to increase productivity of production forest in Indonesia is implementing Selective Logging with Line Replanting System (TPTJ). In this system superior species are planted in the planting lines. This study aimed to determine the growth of Shorea leprosula and Dryobalanops lanceolata planted in different planting line widths. Data of diameter increment of S. leprosula and D. lanceolata were obtained by observing 4 permanent sample plots (PUP) at concession areas of PT Balikpapan Forest Industries in Penajam Paser Utara, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The results showed that the average diameter increment of S. leprosula and D. lanceolata at the planting line width of 3 meters was 1.47cm/yr and 0.74 cm/yr respectively, and at the planting line width of 6 meters was 2.08 cm/yr and 1.14 cm/yr respectively. The differences in planting line width had very significant effect on the growth and diameter increment of S. leprosula, presumably due to the increase of light intensity to optimal level which accelerates stomata opening and transpiration rate, thus affecting the rate of photosynthesis.

scholarly journals Gamebird responses to anthropogenic forest fragmentation and degradation in a southern Amazonian landscape

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Michalski ◽  
Carlos A. Peres
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fragmentation ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Forest Disturbance ◽  
Selective Logging ◽  
Forest Birds ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Forest Patch ◽  
Species Persistence ◽  
Gamebird Species

Although large-bodied tropical forest birds are impacted by both habitat loss and fragmentation, their patterns of habitat occupancy will also depend on the degree of forest habitat disturbance, which may interact synergistically or additively with fragmentation effects. Here, we examine the effects of forest patch and landscape metrics, and levels of forest disturbance on the patterns of persistence of six gamebird taxa in the southern Brazilian Amazon. We use both interview data conducted with long-term residents and/or landowners from 129 remnant forest patches and 15 continuous forest sites and line-transect census data from a subset of 21 forest patches and two continuous forests. Forest patch area was the strongest predictor of species persistence, explaining as much as 46% of the overall variation in gamebird species richness. Logistic regression models showed that anthropogenic disturbance—including surface wildfires, selective logging and hunting pressure—had a variety of effects on species persistence. Most large-bodied gamebird species were sensitive to forest fragmentation, occupying primarily large, high-quality forest patches in higher abundances, and were typically absent from patches <100 ha. Our findings highlight the importance of large (>10,000 ha), relatively undisturbed forest patches to both maximize persistence and maintain baseline abundances of large neotropical forest birds.

scholarly journals Canopy area of large trees explains aboveground biomass variations across neotropical forest landscapes

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3377-3390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Meyer ◽  
Sassan Saatchi ◽  
David B. Clark ◽  
Michael Keller ◽  
Grégoire Vincent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Structure ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Forest Disturbance ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Selective Logging ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Crown Area ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
Canopy Area

Abstract. Large tropical trees store significant amounts of carbon in woody components and their distribution plays an important role in forest carbon stocks and dynamics. Here, we explore the properties of a new lidar-derived index, the large tree canopy area (LCA) defined as the area occupied by canopy above a reference height. We hypothesize that this simple measure of forest structure representing the crown area of large canopy trees could consistently explain the landscape variations in forest volume and aboveground biomass (AGB) across a range of climate and edaphic conditions. To test this hypothesis, we assembled a unique dataset of high-resolution airborne light detection and ranging (lidar) and ground inventory data in nine undisturbed old-growth Neotropical forests, of which four had plots large enough (1 ha) to calibrate our model. We found that the LCA for trees greater than 27 m (∼ 25–30 m) in height and at least 100 m2 crown size in a unit area (1 ha), explains more than 75 % of total forest volume variations, irrespective of the forest biogeographic conditions. When weighted by average wood density of the stand, LCA can be used as an unbiased estimator of AGB across sites (R2 = 0.78, RMSE = 46.02 Mg ha−1, bias = −0.63 Mg ha−1). Unlike other lidar-derived metrics with complex nonlinear relations to biomass, the relationship between LCA and AGB is linear and remains unique across forest types. A comparison with tree inventories across the study sites indicates that LCA correlates best with the crown area (or basal area) of trees with diameter greater than 50 cm. The spatial invariance of the LCA–AGB relationship across the Neotropics suggests a remarkable regularity of forest structure across the landscape and a new technique for systematic monitoring of large trees for their contribution to AGB and changes associated with selective logging, tree mortality and other types of tropical forest disturbance and dynamics.

scholarly journals Selective logging shows no impact on the dietary breadth of the fawn leaf-nosed bat (Hipposideros cervinus)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Richard Hemprich-Bennett ◽  
Victoria A Kemp ◽  
Joshua Blackman ◽  
Owen T Lewis ◽  
Matthew J Struebig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Forest Disturbance ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Selective Logging ◽  
Dietary Breadth ◽  
Disturbance Gradient ◽  
Dna Metabarcoding ◽  
Invaluable Tool ◽  
Logging Disturbance ◽  
The Tropics

Logging activities degrade forest habitats across large areas of the tropics, but the impacts on trophic interactions that underpin forest ecosystems are poorly understood. DNA metabarcoding provides an invaluable tool to investigate such interactions, allowing analysis at a far greater scale and resolution than has previously been possible. We analysed the diet of the insectivorous fawn leaf-nosed bat Hipposideros cervinus across a forest disturbance gradient in Borneo, using a dataset of ecological interactions from an unprecedented number of bat-derived faecal samples. Bats predominantly consumed insects from the orders Lepidoptera, Blattodea, Diptera and Coleoptera, and the taxonomic composition of their diet remained relatively consistent across sites regardless of logging disturbance. There was little difference in the richness of prey consumed in each logging treatment, indicating potential resilience of this species to habitat degradation. In fact, bats consumed a high richness of prey items, and intensive sampling is needed to reliably compare feeding ecology over multiple sites regardless of the bioinformatic procedures used.

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