scholarly journals Epidemiological typing of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Pakistan and India

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahida Shabir ◽  
Katherine J. Hardy ◽  
Waseem S. Abbasi ◽  
Claire L. McMurray ◽  
Salman A. Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Epidemiological Typing ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Repeat Units ◽  
Modification Method ◽  
Restriction Modification ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Pfge Profiles

The levels of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Pakistan and India are known to be high, but few studies have described the epidemiology of the different MRSA clones present. In order to gain an understanding of the epidemiology of MRSA within this region, 60 MRSA isolates from Pakistan (49) and India (11) were genotyped. All isolates were typed using PFGE, staphylococcal interspersed repeat units (SIRUs), a restriction–modification method and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing. A subset of isolates that were distinct by PFGE and SIRUs were typed using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Clonal complex (CC) 8 was the dominant clonal complex (57/60) and was present in both Pakistan and India. Within CC8, there were 10 SIRU profiles and 24 PFGE profiles. Two SIRU profiles were present in isolates from both India and Pakistan, whilst seven were distinct for Pakistan and one for India. All PFGE profiles were distinct for each of the two countries. Thirty-four of the 57 isolates carried SCCmec type III/IIIa and the remainder carried type IV SCCmec. MLST analysis of 14 CC8 isolates with diverse SIRU and PFGE profiles showed that all were single-locus variants, with nine belonging to sequence type (ST) 239, three to ST8 and two to ST113. From a single hospital in Pakistan, three isolates belonged to CC30 and all were indistinguishable by PFGE and SIRUs and carried the Panton–Valentine leukocidin gene. Thus, epidemiological typing of strains from three distinct locations in India and Pakistan revealed the predominance of one clonal complex and highly related STs. The ability of SIRUs and PFGE to differentiate within ST239 demonstrates their utility in defining local epidemiology in these countries.

scholarly journals Genomic Epidemiology of CC30 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains from Argentina Reveals Four Major Clades with Distinctive Genetic Features

mSphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Di Gregorio ◽  
María Sol Haim ◽  
Jesús Vielma Vallenilla ◽  
Victoria Cohen ◽  
Lucía Rago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Genomic Epidemiology ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
South West ◽  
Chromosomal Mutations

ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus clonal complex 30 (CC30) has given rise to epidemics worldwide and is one of the most prevalent lineages in Argentina, represented by sequence type 30 methicillin-resistant S. aureus SCCmec type IV (ST30-MRSA-IV). ST30-MRSA-IV has displaced previous prevalent clones in the country and demonstrated increased virulence. Despite the burden of infections caused by ST30-MRSA-IV both in hospitals and in communities in Argentina, no detailed genome-based characterization of this clone is available to date. In this study, we used whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to evaluate the genetic diversity, population structure, and genomic characteristics of 190 CC30-MRSA strains circulating in Argentina between 2004 and 2015. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of 4 major clades: ARG-1 (CC30-MRSA-IVc-spa t012), ARG-2 (ST30-MRSA-IVc-spa t021 related), ARG-3 (ST30-MRSA-IVh/j-spa t021 and related), and ARG-4 (CC30-MRSA-IVc-spa t019 and related). The clades were characterized by different distributions of antimicrobial resistance determinants, virulence genes, and mobile genetic elements (MGEs). While ARG-1 and ARG-4 were related to global epidemic MRSA-16 (EMRSA-16) and South West Pacific (SWP) clones, respectively, ARG-3 was phylogenetically distinct from previously defined CC30 epidemic clones. ARG-4, the most prevalent and geographically disseminated in the collection (N = 164), was characterized by specific MGEs and chromosomal mutations that might have contributed to its virulence and success. To our knowledge, this is the first genomic epidemiology study of CC30-MRSA in Argentina, which will serve as baseline genomic data going forward to inform public health measures for infection prevention and control. IMPORTANCE The rise in prevalence of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) is of public health concern. In Argentina, several studies documented a shift in the epidemiology of CA-MRSA since 2009, with clonal complex 30 (CC30) and, in particular, sequence type 30 MRSA SCCmec type IV (ST30-MRSA-IV) replacing other clones both in communities and in hospitals and possibly displaying increased virulence. By sequencing the whole genomes of 190 CC30 MRSA isolates recovered from Argentina between 2005 and 2015, we showed that they represented a diverse population composed of 4 major clades. The predominant clade evolved from the South West Pacific clone but has acquired a distinct repertoire of mobile genetic elements, virulence genes, and chromosomal mutations that might play a role in its success. Our work is the first extensive genomic study of CC30 S. aureus in Argentina and will contribute not only to the development of genomic surveillance in the region but also to our understanding of the global epidemiology of this pathogen.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of the Community-Associated Staphylococcus aureus Sequence Type 88 Strain LVP-7, Isolated from an Ocular Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Savitha Nadig ◽  
Sneha Murthy ◽  
Muralidharan Vandanashree ◽  
Hosahalli S. Subramanya ◽  
Balasubramanian Gopal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Ocular Infection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Type V ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin

ABSTRACT We report a de novo-assembled draft genome sequence of the Indian Staphylococcus aureus sequence type 88 (ST88) strain LVP-7, isolated from an ocular infection. The genome harbors a Panton-Valentine leukocidin phage, a type V staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec element, the delta-hemolysin-converting Newman phage ΦNM3, and the pathogenicity island SaPI3, encoding the superantigen enterotoxin B.

Carriage of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusin veterinary personnel

2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (9) ◽  
pp. 1233-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. ŽEMLIČKOVÁ ◽  
M. FRIDRICHOVÁ ◽  
K. TYLLOVÁ ◽  
V. JAKUBŮ ◽  
I. MACHOVÁ
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Carriage Rate ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Valentine Leukocidin

SUMMARYA survey of 280 attendees at a veterinary meeting in the Czech Republic in 2008 revealed a carriage rate of 0·7% for methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA). The two strains isolated were of distinct genetic lineages, carried type IV SCCmecdeterminants and were negative for Panton–Valentine leukocidin genes. The MRSA positivity rates for veterinarians in the Czech Republic is considerably lower than reported elsewhere.

scholarly journals Panton-Valentine leukocidin positive MRSA in 2003: the Dutch situation

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
W J B Wannet ◽  
M E Heck ◽  
G N Pluister ◽  
E Spalburg ◽  
M G Van Santen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Molecular Subtyping ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Valentine Leukocidin

Analysis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates in the Netherlands in 2003 revealed that 8% of the hospital isolates carried the loci for Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL). Molecular subtyping showed that most Dutch PVL-MRSA genotypes corresponded to well-documented global epidemic types. The most common PVL-MRSA genotypes were sequence type ST8, ST22, ST30, ST59 and ST80. MRSA with ST8 increased in the Netherlands from 1% in 2002 to 17% in 2003. It is emphasised that PVL-MRSA might not only emerge in the community, but also in the hospital environment.

scholarly journals Proteome dynamics of antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains exposed to sub-inhibitory concentrations of beta-lactams

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
Julia V. Sopova ◽  
Vladimir V. Gostev ◽  
Olga S. Kalinogorskaya ◽  
Anna N. Lykholay ◽  
Sergey V. Sidorenko
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Genetic Lineage ◽  
Beta Lactams ◽  
Protein Patterns ◽  
Transcription Control ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Mutant Strains ◽  
Proteome Changes ◽  
Spa Type

Background. Ceftaroline is one of the first cephalosporins with activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), it effectively binds to and inhibits penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a). However, isolates with decreased susceptibility to ceftaroline were reported before the commercial release of the antibiotic. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the proteome changes occurring in MRSA isolates resistant to ceftaroline in response to sub-inhibitory concentrations of cell-wall active antibiotics. Materials and methods. Ceftaroline-resistant mutants were generated from two MRSA SA0077 and SA0422 isolates belonging to ST8-t008-SCCmec IV genetic lineage (sequence type 8, spa type t008, staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec type IV) and one MRSA isolate SA0085 belonging to ST239-t631-SCCmec III genetic lineage (sequence type 239, spa type t631, staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec type III). Proteome response of parental and mutant strains to sub-inhibitory concentration of beta-lactams and vancomycin was analyzed. Results. The protein patterns revealed significant increase of 30 кDа band in mutant strains under induction by meropenem, no changes were observed in parental strains or under induction with other antibiotics. According to MS analysis, three proteins represented the band of the mutant strain in absence of meropenem induction. However, under meropenem induction additional protein was detected (BlaZ). Conclusion. The cross talk between two systems with overlapping functions involved in transcription control of PBP2a and BlaZ ensure ceftaroline resistant phenotype.

scholarly journals CA-MRSA: emerging remotely

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Steven YC Tong ◽  
Philip M Giffard ◽  
Deborah C Holt
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Economic Disadvantage ◽  
Supportive Evidence

Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) was first described in remote Indigenous populations in Australia over 20 years ago. The burden of staphylococcal disease, including S. aureus bacteraemia, disproportionately affects Indigenous populations and is likely related to socio-economic disadvantage. Factors such as domestic crowding, poor hygiene and high rates of scabies, skin sores and antibiotic use contribute to the transmission and emergence of CA-MRSA. Studies focusing on two clones, sequence type (ST) 93 and clonal complex (CC) 75, provide supportive evidence for the emergence of methicillin-resistance in Indigenous communities.

scholarly journals Molecular Evidence for Spread of Two Major Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clones with a Unique Geographic Distribution in Chinese Hospitals

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 512-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudong Liu ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Na Du ◽  
Enhua Shen ◽  
Hongbin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Valentine Leukocidin

ABSTRACT Methicillin (meticillin)-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a serious problem worldwide. To investigate the molecular epidemiology of MRSA isolates in China, a total of 702 MRSA isolates collected from 18 teaching hospitals in 14 cities between 2005 and 2006 were characterized by antibiogram analysis, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing, and spa typing; and 102 isolates were selected for multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Overall, SCCmec type III was the most popular type and was found in 541 isolates (77.1%), followed by SCCmec type II (109/702; 15.5%). Twenty-four PFGE types were obtained among 395 isolates collected in 2005, and 18 spa types were obtained among 702 isolates. spa type t030, which corresponded to PFEG types A to E, constituted 52.0% (365/702) of all isolates, and isolates of this type were present in all 14 cities; spa type t037, which corresponded to PFGE types F and G, accounted for 25.5% (179/702) of all isolates, and isolates of this type were identified in 12 cities. The two spa genotypes belonged to sequence type 239 (ST239) and carried SCCmec type III. spa type t002, which included isolates of PFGE types L to T, made up 16.0% (112/702) of the isolates that belonged to ST5 and SCCmec type II, and isolates of this type were distributed in 12 cities. The distribution of spa types varied among the regions. spa type t002 was the most common in Dalian (53.4%) and Shenyang (44.4%); spa type t037 was predominant in Shanghai (74.8%), whereas spa type t030 was the most common in the other cities. Two isolates from Guangzhou that harbored SCCmec type IVa with ST59 and ST88 were identified as community-associated MRSA. The prevalence of the Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene was 2.3%. The data documented two major epidemic MRSA clones, ST239-MRSA-SCCmec type III and ST5-MRSA-SCCmec type II, with unique geographic distributions across China.

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