scholarly journals orco mutagenesis causes loss of antennal lobe glomeruli and impaired social behavior in ants

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waring Trible ◽  
Ni-Chen Chang ◽  
Benjamin J Matthews ◽  
Sean K McKenzie ◽  
Leonora Olivos-Cisneros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Antennal Lobe ◽  
Social Cues ◽  
Odorant Receptors ◽  
Receptor Function ◽  
Ant Colonies ◽  
Olfactory Processing ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
Pheromone Perception

Life inside ant colonies is orchestrated with a diverse set of pheromones, but it is not clear how ants perceive these social cues. It has been proposed that pheromone perception in ants evolved via expansions in the numbers of odorant receptors (ORs) and antennal lobe glomeruli. Here we generate the first mutant lines in ants by disrupting orco, a gene required for the function of all ORs. We find that orco mutants exhibit severe deficiencies in social behavior and fitness, suggesting that they are unable to perceive pheromones. Surprisingly, unlike in Drosophila melanogaster, orco mutant ants also lack most of the approximately 500 antennal lobe glomeruli found in wild-types. These results illustrate that ORs are essential for ant social organization, and raise the possibility that, similar to mammals, receptor function is required for the development and/or maintenance of the highly complex olfactory processing areas in the ant brain.

DENSITY-DEPENDENT FERTILITY SELECTION IN EXPERIMENTAL POPULATIONS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 849B-869
Author(s):  
Andrew G Clark ◽  
Marcus W Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Wing Length ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
High Density ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Adult Body ◽  
Adult Body Weight ◽  
Mutant Lines

ABSTRACT The effects of larval density on components of fertility fitness were investigated with two mutant lines of Drosophila melanogaster. The differences in adult body weight, wing length, larval survivorship and development time verified that flies reared at high density were resource limited. Experimental results indicate that: (1) relative fecundities of both sexes show density-dependent effects, (2) there is a strong density effect on male and female mating success, and (3) in general, there is a reduction in fecundity differences between genotypes at high density. These results imply that it may be important to consider fertility in models of density-dependent natural selection.

scholarly journals Neuroligins Nlg2 and Nlg4 Affect Social Behavior in Drosophila melanogaster

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Corthals ◽  
Alina Sophia Heukamp ◽  
Robert Kossen ◽  
Isabel Großhennig ◽  
Nina Hahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Social Behavior

scholarly journals Fruitless, doublesex and the genetics of social behavior in Drosophila melanogaster

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen K Siwicki ◽  
Edward A Kravitz
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Social Behavior

scholarly journals Excitatory Interactions between Olfactory Processing Channels in the Drosophila Antennal Lobe

Neuron ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn R. Olsen ◽  
Vikas Bhandawat ◽  
Rachel I. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Antennal Lobe ◽  
Olfactory Processing

Morphogenesis and cellular proliferation pattern in the developing antennal lobe of Drosophila melanogaster

1995 ◽  
Vol 205 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 62-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard F. Stocker ◽  
Madeleine Tissot ◽  
Nana� Gendre
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Antennal Lobe ◽  
Cellular Proliferation

scholarly journals Apis mellifera octopamine receptor 1 (AmOA1) expression in antennal lobe networks of the honey bee (Apis mellifera) and fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina T. Sinakevitch ◽  
Adrian N. Smith ◽  
Fernando Locatelli ◽  
Ramon Huerta ◽  
Maxim Bazhenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Antennal Lobe ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Octopamine Receptor

scholarly journals Hearing regulatesDrosophilaaggression

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (8) ◽  
pp. 1958-1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijke Versteven ◽  
Lies Vanden Broeck ◽  
Bart Geurten ◽  
Liesbeth Zwarts ◽  
Lisse Decraecker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Sensory Modality ◽  
Intermale Aggression ◽  
Mechanical Disruption ◽  
Sensory Modalities ◽  
Auditory Organ

Aggression is a universal social behavior important for the acquisition of food, mates, territory, and social status. Aggression inDrosophilais context-dependent and can thus be expected to involve inputs from multiple sensory modalities. Here, we use mechanical disruption and genetic approaches inDrosophila melanogasterto identify hearing as an important sensory modality in the context of intermale aggressive behavior. We demonstrate that neuronal silencing and targeted knockdown of hearing genes in the fly’s auditory organ elicit abnormal aggression. Further, we show that exposure to courtship or aggression song has opposite effects on aggression. Our data define the importance of hearing in the control ofDrosophilaintermale aggression and open perspectives to decipher how hearing and other sensory modalities are integrated at the neural circuit level.

scholarly journals Genetic and functional odorant receptor variation in the Homo lineage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire A. de March ◽  
Hiroaki Matsunami ◽  
Masashi Abe ◽  
Matthew Cobb ◽  
Kara C. Hoover
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Odorant Receptor ◽  
Odorant Receptors ◽  
Receptor Function ◽  
Functional Variation ◽  
Receptor Proteins ◽  
Local Adaptations ◽  
The Road ◽  
Specific Anosmia ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThe largest and rapidly evolving gene family of odorant receptors detect odors to variable degrees due to amino acid sequence and protein structure. Hybridization between humans, Neandertals, and Denisovans implies shared behavior1,2, although some speculate that Neandertals were poor smellers 3,4. We identified genetic and functional variation in humans and extinct lineages in 30 receptors with known function. We show that structural changes in receptor proteins altered odor sensitivity not specificity, indicating a common repertoire across lineages. In humans, variation in receptors may change odor perception or induce odor-specific anosmia 5,6. Variation in sensitivity may reflect local adaptations (e.g., Denisovan sensitivity to honey, Neandertals sensitivity to grass and sulphur). Extinct human lineages had highly conserved receptor genes and proteins. We observe a similar pattern in the Neandertal OR5P3 variant, which produced no response to ∼350 odors. Our data suggest that receptor structure was highly conserved in our closest relatives, but not in living humans. The diversity of geographic adaptations in humans may have produced greater functional variation, increasing our olfactory repertoire and expanding our adaptive capacity 5. Our results provide insight into odorant receptor function and shed light on the olfactory ecology of ancient humans and their extinct relatives. By studying the function of ancient odorant receptor genes, we have been able to get a glimpse of the sensory world of our extinct ancestors and relatives, with some of the variants giving specific insights into potential adaptations shown by these long-dead populations. The functional variability we have identified in the molecular structure of the odorant receptor proteins will aid in the more general problem of understanding the function of odorant receptor proteins and the neurons they are carried by, opening the road to linking receptor function to perception.

scholarly journals An oxytocin/vasopressin-related neuropeptide modulates social foraging behavior in the clonal raider ant

PLoS Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. e3001305
Author(s):  
Ingrid Fetter-Pruneda ◽  
Taylor Hart ◽  
Yuko Ulrich ◽  
Asaf Gal ◽  
Peter R. Oxley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Behavioral Response ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Cues ◽  
Social Foraging ◽  
Propensity To Leave ◽  
Response Thresholds ◽  
Do So

Oxytocin/vasopressin-related neuropeptides are highly conserved and play major roles in regulating social behavior across vertebrates. However, whether their insect orthologue, inotocin, regulates the behavior of social groups remains unknown. Here, we show that in the clonal raider ant Ooceraea biroi, individuals that perform tasks outside the nest have higher levels of inotocin in their brains than individuals of the same age that remain inside the nest. We also show that older ants, which spend more time outside the nest, have higher inotocin levels than younger ants. Inotocin thus correlates with the propensity to perform tasks outside the nest. Additionally, increasing inotocin pharmacologically increases the tendency of ants to leave the nest. However, this effect is contingent on age and social context. Pharmacologically treated older ants have a higher propensity to leave the nest only in the presence of larvae, whereas younger ants seem to do so only in the presence of pupae. Our results suggest that inotocin signaling plays an important role in modulating behaviors that correlate with age, such as social foraging, possibly by modulating behavioral response thresholds to specific social cues. Inotocin signaling thereby likely contributes to behavioral individuality and division of labor in ant societies.

scholarly journals Z4-11Al mediates olfactory attraction and courtship in Drosophila melanogaster

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Borrero-Echeverry ◽  
Marit Solum ◽  
Federica Trona ◽  
Erika A. Wallin ◽  
Marie Bengtsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Antennal Lobe ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Olfactory Communication ◽  
Social Signals ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Upwind Flight ◽  
Female Pheromone

Specific mate communication and recognition underlies reproduction and hence speciation. Mate communication evolves during adaptation to ecological niches and makes use of social signals and habitat cues. Our study provides new insights in Drosophila melanogaster premating olfactory communication, showing that female pheromone Z4-11Al and male pheromone cVA interact with food odour in a sex-specific manner. Furthermore, Z4-11Al, which mediates upwind flight attraction in both sexes, also elicits courtship in experienced males. Twin variants of the olfactory receptor Or69a are co-expressed in the same olfactory sensory neurons, and feed into the same glomerulus in the antennal lobe. Female pheromone Z4-11Al is perceived via Or69aB, while the food odorant (R)-linalool is a main ligand for the other variant, Or69aA. That Z4-11Al mediates courtship in experienced males, not (R)-linalool, is probably due to courtship learning. Behavioural discrimination is reflected by calcium imaging of the antennal lobe, showing distinct glomerular activation patterns by these two compounds. Male sex pheromone cVA is known to affect male and female courtship at close range, but does not elicit upwind flight attraction as a single compound, in to contrast to Z4-11Al. A blend of cVA and the food odour vinegar attracted females, while a blend of female pheromone Z4-11Al and vinegar attracted males instead. Sex-specific upwind flight attraction to blends of food volatiles and male and female pheromone, respectively, adds a new element to Drosophila olfactory premating communication and is an unambiguous paradigm for identifying the behaviourally active components, towards a more complete concept of food-pheromone odour objects.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document