scholarly journals NMDA receptor blockade causes selective prefrontal disinhibition in a roving auditory oddball paradigm

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E Rosch ◽  
Ryszard Auksztulewicz ◽  
Pui Duen Leung ◽  
Karl J Friston ◽  
Torsten Baldeweg
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Inhibitory Interneuron ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Auditory Oddball ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Auditory Oddball Paradigm

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are expressed widely throughout the human cortex. Yet disturbances in NMDAR transmission - as implicated in patients with schizophrenia or pharmacologically induced - can cause a regionally specific set of electrophysiological effects. Here, we present a double-blind placebo-controlled study of the effects of the NMDAR blocker ketamine in human volunteers. We employ a marker of auditory learning and putative synaptic plasticity - the mismatch negativity - in a roving auditory oddball paradigm. Using recent advances in Bayesian modelling of group effects in dynamic causal modelling, we fit biophysically plausible network models of the auditory processing hierarchy to whole-scalp evoked response potential recordings. This allowed us to identify the regionally specific effects of ketamine in a distributed network of interacting cortical sources. Under placebo, our analysis replicated previous findings regarding the effects of stimulus repetition and deviance on connectivity within the auditory hierarchy. Crucially, we show that the effect of ketamine is best explained as a selective change in intrinsic inhibition, with a pronounced ketamine-induced reduction of inhibitory interneuron connectivity in frontal sources. These results are consistent with findings from invasive recordings in animal models exposed to NMDAR blockers, and provide evidence that inhibitory-interneuron specific NMDAR dysfunction may be sufficient to explain electrophysiological abnormalities of sensory learning induced by ketamine in human subjects.

Gamma band activity in an auditory oddball paradigm studied with the wavelet transform

2001 ◽  
Vol 112 (7) ◽  
pp. 1219-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.G Gurtubay ◽  
M Alegre ◽  
A Labarga ◽  
A Malanda ◽  
J Iriarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Auditory Oddball ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Auditory Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Band Activity

Impact of Chronic Cannabis Use on Auditory Mismatch Negativity Generation in Schizophrenia Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (03) ◽  
pp. 126-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik Roser ◽  
Eva-Maria Pichler ◽  
Benedikt Habermeyer ◽  
Wolfram Kawohl ◽  
Georg Juckel
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Mismatch Negativity ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Characteristic Finding ◽  
Auditory Oddball ◽  
Cannabis Use Disorders ◽  
Auditory Oddball Paradigm

Abstract Introduction Cannabis use disorders (CUD) are highly prevalent among patients with schizophrenia (SCZ). Deficient mismatch negativity (MMN) generation is a characteristic finding in SCZ patients and cannabis users. This study therefore examined the effects of CUD on MMN generation in SCZ patients. Methods Twenty SCZ − CUD patients, 21 SCZ+CUD patients, and 20 healthy controls (HC) were included in this study. MMN to frequency and duration deviants was elicited within an auditory oddball paradigm and recorded by 32 channel EEG. Results As expected, SCZ − CUD patients showed reduced frontocentral MMN amplitudes to duration deviants compared to HC. Interestingly, SCZ+CUD patients demonstrated greater MMN amplitudes to duration deviants compared to SCZ − CUD patients at central electrodes with no differences compared to HC. Discussion These results demonstrate that comorbid cannabis use in SCZ patients might be associated with superior cognitive functioning. It can be assumed that the association between cannabis use and better cognitive performance may be due to a subgroup of cognitively less impaired SCZ patients characterized by lower genetic vulnerability for psychosis.

scholarly journals Detect AD Patients by Using EEG Coherence Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Chung Ho ◽  
Tsung-Ching Chen ◽  
Chin-Fei Huang ◽  
Cheng-Hsieh Yu ◽  
Jhih-Ming Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Normal Aging ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Coherence Analysis ◽  
Eeg Coherence ◽  
Theta Band ◽  
Corticocortical Connections ◽  
Auditory Oddball ◽  
Auditory Oddball Paradigm

The purpose of this study is to discriminate mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients from the normal aging. The EEG coherence was applied to analyze the data from auditory oddball paradigm to discriminate the differences of corticocortical connections between mild AD patients and healthy subjects. The results showed that the lower values of coherence were performed in mild AD patients than in the normal aging subjects, especially in theta band. The implications and suggestions are shown in this study.

Evaluation of the Relative Available Energy of Cyclic Nigerosylnigerose (CNN) using breath hydrogen excretion in healthy humans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Mizote ◽  
Akiko Yasuda ◽  
Chiyo Yoshizane ◽  
Yuki Ishida ◽  
Shoji Kakuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Breath Hydrogen ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Cyclic Tetrasaccharide ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Cyclic nigerosylnigerose (CNN) is a cyclic tetrasaccharide with properties distinct from those of other conventional cyclodextrins. We investigated the relative available energy of CNN in healthy humans. CNN digestibility was determined using brush border membrane vesicles from the small intestines of rats. CNN was not hydrolyzed by rat intestinal enzymes. To investigate breath hydrogen excretion, thirteen human subjects were included in a double-blind cross-over, randomized, placebo-controlled study. The effects of CNN on hydrogen excretion were compared with those of a typical nondigestible, fermentable fructooligosaccharide (FOS). In the study participants, hydrogen excretion hardly increased upon CNN and was remarkably lower than for FOS. The available energy value was determined using the fermentability based on breath hydrogen excretion and was evaluated as 0 kcal/g for CNN. CNN was hardly metabolized and hence may be used as a low-energy dietary fiber.

Three-stimulus auditory oddball paradigm with environmental sounds

2018 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. S166-S167
Author(s):  
K. Tabaru ◽  
T. Hirayama ◽  
T. Sekiguchi ◽  
H. Shoji
Keyword(s):  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Environmental Sounds ◽  
Auditory Oddball ◽  
Auditory Oddball Paradigm

scholarly journals Eye blink rate increases as a function of cognitive load during an auditory oddball paradigm

2020 ◽  
Vol 736 ◽  
pp. 135293
Author(s):  
Alfonso Magliacano ◽  
Salvatore Fiorenza ◽  
Anna Estraneo ◽  
Luigi Trojano
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Blink Rate ◽  
Eye Blink ◽  
Auditory Oddball ◽  
Auditory Oddball Paradigm

Generators of the gamma-band activities in response to rare and novel stimuli during the auditory oddball paradigm

2007 ◽  
Vol 413 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boreom Lee ◽  
Kwang Suk Park ◽  
Do-Hyung Kang ◽  
Kyung Whun Kang ◽  
Young Youn Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Band ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Auditory Oddball ◽  
Auditory Oddball Paradigm

scholarly journals Effect of Anodal-tDCS on Event-Related Potentials: A Controlled Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Izzidien ◽  
Sriharasha Ramaraju ◽  
Mohammed Ali Roula ◽  
Peter W. McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Anodal Tdcs ◽  
Neurologically Impaired ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Difference

We aim to measure the postintervention effects of A-tDCS (anodal-tDCS) on brain potentials commonly used in BCI applications, namely, Event-Related Desynchronization (ERD), Event-Related Synchronization (ERS), and P300. Ten subjects were given sham and 1.5 mA A-tDCS for 15 minutes on two separate experiments in a double-blind, randomized order. Postintervention EEG was recorded while subjects were asked to perform a spelling task based on the “oddball paradigm” while P300 power was measured. Additionally, ERD and ERS were measured while subjects performed mental motor imagery tasks. ANOVA results showed that the absolute P300 power exhibited a statistically significant difference between sham and A-tDCS when measured over channel Pz (p=0.0002). However, the difference in ERD and ERS power was found to be statistically insignificant, in controversion of the the mainstay of the litrature on the subject. The outcomes confirm the possible postintervention effect of tDCS on the P300 response. Heightening P300 response using A-tDCS may help improve the accuracy of P300 spellers for neurologically impaired subjects. Additionally, it may help the development of neurorehabilitation methods targeting the parietal lobe.

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