scholarly journals Long-Term Persistence of IgG Antibodies in SARS-CoV Infected Healthcare Workers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqin Guo ◽  
Zhongmin Guo ◽  
Chaohui Duan ◽  
Zeliang Chen ◽  
Guoling Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Time Of Infection ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe ongoing worldwide outbreak of the 2019-nCoV is markedly similar to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak 17 years ago. During the 2002-2003 SARS outbreak, healthcare workers formed a special population of patients. Although virus-specific IgG play important roles in virus neutralization and prevention against future infection, limited information is available regarding the long term persistence of IgG after infection with SARS-like coronavirus.METHODSA long-term prospective cohort study followed 34 SARS-CoV-infected healthcare workers from a hospital with clustered infected cases during the 2002-2003 SARS outbreak in Guangzhou, China, with a 13-year follow-up. Serum samples were collected annually from 2003-2015. Twenty SARS-CoV-infected and 40 non-infected healthcare workers were enrolled in 2015, and their serum samples were collected. All sera were tested for IgG antibodies with ELISA using whole virus and a recombinant nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV, as a diagnostic antigen.RESULTSAnti SARS-CoV IgG was found to persist for up to 12 years. IgG titers typically peaked in 2004, declining rapidly from 2004-2006, and then continued to decline at a slower rate. IgG titers in SARS-CoV-infected healthcare workers remained at a significantly high level until 2015. Patients treated with corticosteroids at the time of infection were found to have lower IgG titers than those without.CONCLUSIONSIgG antibodies against SARS-CoV can persist for at least 12 years. The presence of SARS-CoV IgG might provide protection against SARS-CoV and other betacoronavirus. This study provides valuable information regarding humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV and the 2019-nCoV.

scholarly journals Protective Immunity against Canine Distemper Virus in Dogs Induced by Intranasal Immunization with a Recombinant Probiotic Expressing the Viral H Protein

Vaccines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Yanping Jiang ◽  
Shuo Jia ◽  
Dianzhong Zheng ◽  
Fengsai Li ◽  
Shengwen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Intranasal Route ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Protection Efficacy ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
High Level ◽  
H Protein

Canine distemper virus (CDV) elicits a severe contagious disease in a broad range of hosts. CDV mortality rates are 50% in domestic dogs and 100% in ferrets. Its primary infection sites are respiratory and intestinal mucosa. This study aimed to develop an effective mucosal CDV vaccine using a non-antibiotic marked probiotic pPGΔCm-T7g10-EGFP-H/L. casei 393 strain expressing the CDV H protein. Its immunogenicity in BALB/c mice was evaluated using intranasal and oral vaccinations, whereas in dogs the intranasal route was used for vaccination. Our results indicate that this probiotic vaccine can stimulate a high level of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA)-based mucosal and IgG-based humoral immune responses in mice. SIgA levels in the nasal lavage and lungs were significantly higher in intranasally vaccinated mice than those in orally vaccinated mice. Both antigen-specific IgG and sIgA antibodies were effectively elicited in dogs through the intranasal route and demonstrated superior immunogenicity. The immune protection efficacy of the probiotic vaccine was evaluated by challenging the immunized dogs with virulent CDV 42 days after primary immunization. Dogs of the pPGΔCm-T7g10-EGFP-H/L. casei 393 group were completely protected against CDV. The proposed probiotic vaccine could be promising for protection against CDV infection in dogs.

scholarly journals Fast and long-lasting immune response to S-trimer COVID-19 vaccine adjuvanted by PIKA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Lianpan Dai ◽  
Xiaoli Feng ◽  
Ran Gao ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Protein Vaccine ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
The Face ◽  
Potential Vaccine ◽  
High Level

AbstractIn the face of the emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2, there is an urgent need to develop a vaccine that can induce fast, effective, long-lasting and broad protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Here, we developed a trimeric SARS-CoV-2 S protein vaccine candidate adjuvanted by PIKA, which can induce robust cellular and humoral immune responses. The results showed a high level of neutralizing antibodies induced by the vaccine was maintained for at least 400 days. In the study of non-human primates, PIKA adjuvanted S-trimer induced high SARS-CoV-2 neutralization titers and protected from virus replication in the lung following SARS-CoV-2 challenge. In addition, the long-term neutralizing antibody response induced by S-trimer vaccine adjuvanted by PIKA could neutralize multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants and there is no obvious different among the SARS- CoV-2 variants of interest or concern, including B.1.351, B.1.1.7, P.1, B.1.617.1 and B.1.617.2 variants. These data support the utility of S-trimer protein adjuvanted by PIKA as a potential vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Induction of humoral immunity in response to immunization with recombinantMycobacterium bovisBCG expressing the S1 subunit ofBordetella pertussistoxin

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 1015-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco A Medeiros ◽  
Geraldo R.G Armôa ◽  
Odir A Dellagostin ◽  
Douglas McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Pertussis Toxin ◽  
Whooping Cough ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Specific Igg

Two recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG (rBCG) vaccine strains were developed for the expression of cytoplasmically located S1 subunit of pertussis toxin, with expression driven by the hsp60 promoter of M. bovis (rBCG/pPB10) or the pAN promoter of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis (rBCG/pPB12). Both strains showed stable expression of equivalent levels of recombinant S1 in vitro and induced long-term (up to 8 months) humoral immune responses in BALB/c mice, although these responses differed quantitatively and qualitatively. Specifically, rBCG/pPB12 induced markedly higher levels of IgG1 than did rBCG/pPB10, and mice immunized with the former strain developed specific long-term memory to S1, as indicated by the production of high levels of S1-specific IgG in response to a sublethal challenge with pertussis toxin 15 months after initial immunization. When considered in combination with previous studies, our data encourage further evaluation of rBCG as a potential means of developing a low-cost whooping cough vaccine based on defined antigens.Key words: recombinant BCG, humoral immune response, B. pertussis.

scholarly journals Persistence of Antibodies Against Spike Glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 in Healthcare Workers Post Double Dose of BBV-152 and AZD1222 Vaccines

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hari Ram Choudhary ◽  
Debaprasad Parai ◽  
Girish Chandra Dash ◽  
Jaya Singh Kshatri ◽  
Narayan Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
History Of ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay ◽  
Research Facilities

Purpose: We investigated the persistence of the vaccine-induced immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Odisha who received a complete dose of either Covaxin or Covishield vaccine.Methods: This 24-week longitudinal cohort study was conducted from January to July 2021 with participants from 6 healthcare and research facilities of Odisha to understand the dynamicity of the vaccine-induced IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 after the complete dose of vaccines.Results: Serum samples were collected from 614 participants during each follow-up and were tested in two chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CLIA)-based platforms to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies both qualitatively and quantitatively. Among these participants, 308 (50.2%) participants were Covishield recipients and the rest 306 (49.8%) participants took Covaxin. A total of 81 breakthrough cases were recorded and the rest 533 HCWs without any history of postvaccination infection showed significant antibody waning either from T3 (Covaxin recipient) or T4 (Covishield recipient). The production of vaccine-induced IgG antibodies is significantly higher (p < 0.001) in Covishield compared with Covaxin. Covishield recipients produced higher median anti-S IgG titer than Covaxin. No statistically significant differences in antibody titers were observed based on age, gender, comorbidities, and blood groups.Conclusion: This 6-month follow-up study documents a 2-fold and 4-fold decrease in spike antibody titer among Covishield and Covaxin recipients, respectively. The clinical implications of antibody waning after vaccination are not well understood. It also highlights the need for further data to understand the long-term persistence of vaccine-induced antibody and threshold antibody titer required for protection against reinfection.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in healthcare workers of dedicated-COVID hospitals and non–COVID hospitals of District Srinagar, Kashmir

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Salim Khan ◽  
Inaamul Haq ◽  
Mariya Amin Qurieshi ◽  
Sabhiya Majid ◽  
Arif Akbar Bhat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Specific Igg Antibodies

AbstractBackground and objectiveSARS-CoV-2 infection poses tremendous challenge to the healthcare system of nations across the globe. Serological testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers, which form a high-risk group, helps in identifying the burden of hidden infection in an institutional setting.MethodsWe present the results of a cross-sectional serosurvey in healthcare workers from two different hospital settings based on their role in the management of SARS-CoV-2 patients in District Srinagar, Kashmir. In addition to testing for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG, we collected information on influenza-like symptoms in the last four weeks and the status of RT-PCR testing. SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies were detected in serum samples using a sensitive and specific chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay technology.Interpretation and ConclusionOf 2915 healthcare workers who participated in the study, we analysed data from 2905 healthcare workers. The overall prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies was 2.5% (95% CI 2.0-3.1) in the healthcare workers of District Srinagar. Healthcare workers who had ever worked at a dedicated-COVID hospital had a substantially lower seroprevalence of 0.6% (95% CI: 0.2 - 1.9). Among healthcare workers who had tested positive for RT-PCR, seroprevalence was 27.6% (95% CI: 14.0 - 47.2).The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers of District Srinagar is low, reflecting that a high proportion of healthcare workers are still susceptible to the infection. It is crucial to lay thrust on infection prevention and control activities and standard hygiene practices by the healthcare staff to protect them from acquiring infection within the healthcare setting.

scholarly journals Immunoglobulin G Subclass Profile of Antimeasles Response in Vaccinated Children and in Adults with Measles History

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 845-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna P. Toptygina ◽  
Alexander L. Pukhalsky ◽  
Vladimir A. Alioshkin
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Igg Subclass ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Adult Volunteers ◽  
Immunoglobulin G Subclass

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate measles-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass profile in vaccinated children and in adults with natural infection. Serum samples were collected before and 30 days after vaccination. The sera from 51 late convalescent adults and seven adults with natural measles infection at the 12th day after onset of rash have been also investigated. Measles IgG antibodies and specific IgG subclasses were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent techniques. In children younger than 3 years, the predominant subclass was IgG3, which contributed, on average, 63.3% of the total IgG response. The contributions of specific IgG1 and IgG4 to the total IgG antimeasles response were lower (19.9% and 16.8%, respectively), whereas IgG2 was not found. In contrast, in the group of children older than 4 years, just IgG2 was a predominant subclass; it contributed 42.6% of the total IgG response. Other subclasses were also present but the contribution was much lower. In adult volunteers with measles history, IgG2 was a predominant subclass of total IgG. Thus, in early convalescence IgG2 contributed 62% of the total IgG response, whereas in late convalescence the contribution was lower (41.4%). There were no visible differences in IgG subclass composition between subjects with natural infection and vaccinated children except those below 3 years of age. The humoral immune response of such subjects is immature and the IgG2 subclass of virus-specific antibodies has not been revealed in the sera.

scholarly journals Vaccination strategy and anti - SARS-CoV-2 S titers in healthcare workers of the INT – IRCCS “Fondazione Pascale” Cancer Center (Naples, Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesta Cavalcanti ◽  
Maria Antonietta Isgrò ◽  
Domenica Rea ◽  
Lucia Di Capua ◽  
Giusy Trillò ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Vaccination Strategy ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the resulting disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), have spread to millions of people globally, requiring the development of billions of different vaccine doses. The SARS-CoV-2 spike mRNA vaccine (named BNT162b2/Pfizer), authorized by the FDA, has shown high efficacy in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection after administration of two doses in individuals 16 years of age and older. In the present study, we retrospectively evaluated the differences in the SARS-CoV-2 humoral immune response after vaccine administration in the two different cohorts of workers at the INT - IRCCS “Fondazione Pascale” Cancer Center (Naples, Italy): previously infected to SARS-CoV-2 subjects and not infected to SARS-CoV-2 subjects. Methods We determined specific anti-RBD (receptor-binding domain) titers against trimeric spike glycoprotein (S) of SARS-CoV-2 by Roche Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S immunoassay in serum samples of 35 healthcare workers with a previous documented history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and 158 healthcare workers without, after 1 and 2 doses of vaccine, respectively. Moreover, geometric mean titers and relative fold changes (FC) were calculated. Results Both previously infected and not infected to SARS-CoV-2 subjects developed significant immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 after the administration of 1 and 2 doses of vaccine, respectively. Anti-S antibody responses to the first dose of vaccine were significantly higher in previously SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects in comparison to titers of not infected subjects after the first as well as the second dose of vaccine. Fold changes for subjects previously infected to SARS-CoV-2 was very modest, given the high basal antibody titer, as well as the upper limit of 2500.0 BAU/mL imposed by the Roche methods. Conversely, for naïve subjects, mean fold change following the first dose was low ($$ \overline{x} $$ x ¯ =1.6), reaching 3.8 FC in 72 subjects (45.6%) following the second dose. Conclusions The results showed that, as early as the first dose, SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals developed a remarkable and statistically significant immune response in comparison to those who did not contract the virus previously, suggesting the possibility of administering only one dose in previously SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects. FC for previously infected subjects should not be taken into account for the generally high pre-vaccination values. Conversely, FC for not infected subjects, after the second dose, were = 3.8 in > 45.0% of vaccinees, and ≤ 3.1 in 19.0%, the latter showing a potential susceptibility to further SARS-CoV-2 infection.

scholarly journals Declining Levels of Neutralizing Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 in Convalescent COVID-19 Patients One Year Post Symptom Onset

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiandan Xiang ◽  
Boyun Liang ◽  
Yaohui Fang ◽  
Sihong Lu ◽  
Sumeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Neutralizing Activity ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
One Year ◽  
Kinetics Of

Major advances have been made in understanding the dynamics of humoral immunity briefly after the acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, knowledge concerning long-term kinetics of antibody responses in convalescent patients is limited. During a one-year period post symptom onset, we longitudinally collected 162 samples from 76 patients and quantified IgM and IgG antibodies recognizing the nucleocapsid (N) protein or the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein (S). After one year, approximately 90% of recovered patients still had detectable SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibodies recognizing N and RBD-S. Intriguingly, neutralizing activity was only detectable in ~43% of patients. When neutralization tests against the E484K-mutated variant of concern (VOC) B.1.351 (initially identified in South Africa) were performed among patients who neutralize the original virus, the capacity to neutralize was even further diminished to 22.6% of donors. Despite declining N- and S-specific IgG titers, a considerable fraction of recovered patients had detectable neutralizing activity one year after infection. However, neutralizing capacities, in particular against an E484K-mutated VOC were only detectable in a minority of patients one year after symptomatic COVID-19. Our findings shed light on the kinetics of long-term immune responses after natural SARS-CoV-2 infection and argue for vaccinations of individuals who experienced a natural infection to protect against emerging VOC.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document