scholarly journals Effect of egg cannibalism on mating preferences and reproductive fitness of Menochilus sexmaculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tripti Yadav ◽  
Omkar ◽  
Geetanjali Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Fitness ◽  
Mate Preferences ◽  
Copulation Duration ◽  
Mating Pair ◽  
Egg Viability ◽  
Mating Preferences ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Offspring Development ◽  
Egg Cannibalism ◽  
Potential Benefits

AbstractCannibalism has been reported in a large proportion of coccinellids in fields as well as in laboratories but studies involving mate preferences and potential benefits of cannibalism on reproduction in Menochilus sexmaculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)have yet not been done. Thus, we assessed the effect of conspecific egg cannibalism on mate preferences and reproductive outputs including offspring development. Higher mate preferences were recorded for non-cannibal mates (fed on A. craccivora) than cannibal ones (fed on conspecific eggs). Mating parameters significantly influenced by cannibalism. Time to commence mating lasted less for homogeneous diet pairs than heterogeneous diet pairs. Longer copulation duration and higher fecundity were recorded when one of the individuals in mating pair or both was a non-cannibal. Egg viability did not differed significantly in all reciprocal crosses. Total developmental durations of offspring were similar for all mating pairs.

scholarly journals Effects of Diaphorina citri Population Density on Daily Timing of Vibrational Communication Calls: Potential Benefits in Finding Forage

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Richard W. Mankin ◽  
Rikin Patel ◽  
Mason Grugnale ◽  
Ethan Jetter
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Chemical Cues ◽  
Reproductive Fitness ◽  
High Density ◽  
Vibrational Communication ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Diaphorina Citri ◽  
Conspecific Density ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Communication Calls

Adult Diaphorina citri (ACP) use visual and chemical cues to locate young citrus flush shoots on which they forage and oviposit, and they use vibrational communication duetting calls as cues to help locate mates. For individual pairs, calling and mating usually peaks between 10:00 and 15:00. To explore whether call rates (calls/h) are affected by interactions with nearby conspecifics, rates were compared in small citrus trees on which either 5 or 25 ACP female and male pairs had been released at 17:00 for later recording from sunrise (06:00) to 22:00. Final ACP locations were noted 40 h after release. Call rates were similar in both treatments during normal mating hours. However, rates were significantly higher for low- than high-density treatments between 06:00 and 10:00, which suggests calling during this period may be affected by conspecific density. Both sexes aggregated on flush at both densities. We discuss the potential that ACP producing calls near sunrise, outside of normal mating hours, might benefit from gains in reproductive fitness in low-density contexts if they call not only to locate mates but also to locate preferred flush—in which case, co-opting of vibrations to disrupt both mating and foraging may be feasible.

Love is Not Colorblind: An Investigation of the Racial Hierarchy of Mate Preferences

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mykel Rodriguez ◽  
Gareth Disler ◽  
Zhiying Wang ◽  
Samantha Yim ◽  
Daniel Javidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Interracial Relationships ◽  
Mate Preferences ◽  
Mate Preference ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Mating Preferences ◽  
Racial Hierarchy

Not my type is the usual invocation when rejecting potential lovers who don’t align with the racial hierarchy of mating preferences. The largely unchallenged norm of interracial intimacy aversion, particularly how the desire for some racial groups and rejection of others reinforces existing racial inequities, is inconsistent with the blanket notion of greater interracial acceptance. We contend that this acceptance is unequally divided along the same racial hierarchy that exists in the broader public sphere. Our investigation assessed the openness of monoracial and biracial individuals to form interracial romantic relationships. In addition, we partially replicated an interracial mate preference known as the Multiracial Dividend Effect: a pattern whereby monoracial individuals prefer to date multiracial individuals as these interracial relationships may be less likely to carry the perceived disadvantages of interracially dating someone from another monoracial group. Most monoracial groups equally preferred same-race lovers and interracially dating biracials, and they preferred interracially dating someone biracial over any monoracial group. Lastly, biracials were more open to interracially dating any monoracial group than monoracials were to interracially dating each other.

Mate Choice and Mating Preferences

Mate Choice ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gil G. Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Mate Choice ◽  
Animal Communication ◽  
Mate Preferences ◽  
Unified Approach ◽  
Mating Preferences ◽  
Basic Framework ◽  
Preference Functions ◽  
Key Questions

This chapter first sets out the book's purpose, which is to present a conceptually unified approach to thinking about what Darwin termed the “taste for the beautiful.” It begins by describing a basic framework for thinking about mate choice and mate preferences. It then provides an outline for how the book attempts to address key questions about how they work, how they evolve, and how they act simultaneously as targets and agents of selection. Topics discussed include the meaning of mate choice; mate choice as distinct from sexual selection; preference and antipathy underlie realized mate choices; preference functions; stages of mate choice; and mate choice as a problem in animal communication.

Are People Attracted to Others Who Resemble Their Opposite-Sex Parents? An Examination of Mate Preferences and Parental Ethnicity Among Biracial Individuals

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 856-863
Author(s):  
Marie E. Heffernan ◽  
Jia Y. Chong ◽  
R. Chris Fraley
Keyword(s):  
Mate Preferences ◽  
Mating Preferences ◽  
Opposite Sex

It is generally believed that people tend to be attracted to and pair with others who resemble their opposite-sex parents. Studies 1A ( n = 1,025) and 1B ( n = 3,105) tested this assumption by examining whether biracial adults were more likely to be paired with partners who matched their opposite-sex parent’s ethnicity. Study 2 ( n = 516) examined whether biracial adults were more likely to be attracted to targets whose ethnicity matched that of their opposite-sex parent. Although biracial adults were more likely to pair with and be attracted to others who resembled their parents compared to those who did not, the sex of the parent was largely inconsequential. These findings have implications for models of mate preferences, including the traditional perspectives (which assume that the opposite-sex parent has greater influence on adult mating preferences) and ethological models (which assume that the sex of the parent is irrelevant with regard to influence on mating preferences).

scholarly journals Egg viability decreases rapidly with time since ovulation in the rainbow darter: implications for the costs of choosiness

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel L. Moran ◽  
Rachel M. Soukup ◽  
Muchu Zhou ◽  
Rebecca C. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Mate Choice ◽  
Female Mate Choice ◽  
Mate Preferences ◽  
Egg Viability ◽  
Female Mate ◽  
Rainbow Darter ◽  
Etheostoma Caeruleum

AbstractEgg viability in the rainbow darter Etheostoma caeruleum, a fish apparently lacking female mate choice, was found to decline rapidly after ovulation. We observed that the majority of a female’s clutch may fail to hatch if she is prevented from mating for as little as six hours. These data suggest that exercising female mate preferences may be selectively disfavoured in E. caeruleum due to the high cost of delaying mating.

scholarly journals Sexual imprinting and speciation in two Peromyscus species

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.K. Delaney ◽  
H.E. Hoekstra
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Sexual Isolation ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Mate Preferences ◽  
Mating Preferences ◽  
Sexual Imprinting ◽  
Postzygotic Barriers ◽  
Cotton Mouse ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
White Footed Mouse

AbstractSexual isolation, a reproductive barrier, can prevent interbreeding between diverging populations or species. Sexual isolation can have a clear genetic basis; however, it may also result from learned mate preferences that form via sexual imprinting. Here, we demonstrate that two sympatric species of mice—the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) and its sister species, the cotton mouse (P. gossypinus)—hybridize only rarely in the wild despite co-occurrence in the same habitat and lack of any measurable intrinsic postzygotic barriers in laboratory crosses. We present evidence that strong conspecific mating preferences in each species result in significant sexual isolation. We find that these preferences are learned in at least one species: P. gossypinus sexually imprints on its parents, but in P. leucopus, additional factors influence mating preferences. Our study demonstrates that sexual imprinting contributes to reproductive isolation that reduces hybridization between otherwise interfertile species, supporting the role for learning in mammalian speciation.

Some Males are Choosier Than Others: Species Recognition in Blue Waxbills

Behaviour ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 141 (8) ◽  
pp. 1021-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Selective Pressure ◽  
Species Recognition ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Mate Preferences ◽  
Female Size ◽  
Male Preference ◽  
Mating Preferences ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Male Mate ◽  
Species Specific

AbstractWe investigated whether species specific mating preferences differed between the sexes in three species of blue waxbill (genus Uraeginthus). We compared male preference for conspecific females versus heterospecific blue waxbill females using two-way choice trials. The results were compared with predictions of the strength of species specific mating preferences made on the basis of several different hypotheses. These predictions were made according to the specific behavioural and morphological traits of the three species, their phylogenetic relatedness and relative geographical location. Males did not prefer conspecific females whenever they were given a choice of a larger heterospecific female. Furthermore, males tended to discriminate between females more strongly when there was a large difference in size between the two species of females that they had been presented with. Relating the strength of males preference for conspecific females to the predictions made according to the different hypotheses it appeared that males were discriminating between females on the basis of their size. We compared male mate preferences for conspecifics versus heterospecifics with female mate preferences for conspecifics versus heterospecifics that had been ascertained in a previous study. There were marked differences between preference for conspecifics between the sexes for all three species, suggesting that males and females used different criteria to choose mates when discriminating between related species. Males appeared to use female size whereas females appeared to use the degree of male ornamentation, suggesting that mate preference is under a different selective pressure between the sexes. The results of this study have identified that there is a potential for hybridisation between blue breast females and both red cheek and blue cap males. In the event of a geographical change leading to sympatry between these species the degree of hybridisation will depend on the preference criteria within each species and the differences in morphology between those species. This will ultimately determine how discrimination between heterospecifics will interact with conspecific mate choice.

Teletinnitus Program at the VA Gulf Coast Veterans Health Care System

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Constance Hilory Tomberlin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Veterans Health ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Care System

There are a multitude of reasons that a teletinnitus program can be beneficial, not only to the patients, but also within the hospital and audiology department. The ability to use technology for the purpose of tinnitus management allows for improved appointment access for all patients, especially those who live at a distance, has been shown to be more cost effective when the patients travel is otherwise monetarily compensated, and allows for multiple patient's to be seen in the same time slots, allowing for greater access to the clinic for the patients wishing to be seen in-house. There is also the patient's excitement in being part of a new technology-based program. The Gulf Coast Veterans Health Care System (GCVHCS) saw the potential benefits of incorporating a teletinnitus program and began implementation in 2013. There were a few hurdles to work through during the beginning organizational process and the initial execution of the program. Since the establishment of the Teletinnitus program, the GCVHCS has seen an enhancement in patient care, reduction in travel compensation, improvement in clinic utilization, clinic availability, the genuine excitement of the use of a new healthcare media amongst staff and patients, and overall patient satisfaction.

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