The psychological distress and coping styles in the early stages of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic in the general mainland Chinese population: a web-based survey

AbstractBackgroundAs the epidemic outbreak of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), general population may experience psychological distress. Evidence has suggested that negative coping styles may be related to subsequent mental illness. Therefore, we investigate the general population’s psychological distress and coping styles in the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak.MethodsA cross-sectional battery of surveys was conducted from February 1-4, 2020. The Kessler 6 psychological distress scale, the simplified coping style questionnaire and a general information questionnaire were administered on-line to a convenience sample of 1599 in China. Spearman’s correlation was used to measure the correlations among category variables.ResultsGeneral population’s psychological distress were significant differences based on age, marriage, epidemic contact characteristics, concern with media reports, and perceived impacts of the epidemic outbreak (all p <0.001) except gender (p=0.316). Those with a history of visiting Wuhan and a history of epidemics occurring in the community, more concern with media reports, perceived more severe impacts and negative coping style had a higher level of psychological distress, which was significantly positively correlated with a history of visiting Wuhan (r=0.548, p<0.001), a history of epidemics occurring in the community (r=0.219, p<0.001), and concern with media reports (r=0.192, p<0.001). Coping styles were significantly different across all category variables (all p <0.001), and negatively correlated with other category variables (all p<0.01) except age and marriage. Psychological distress was significantly negatively correlated with the coping style (r=-0.573, p<0.01).ConclusionsIn the early stages of COVID-19, general population with epidemic contact characteristics, excessive concern with media reports, and perceived more severe impacts have higher levels of psychological distress. Psychological distress was significantly negatively correlated with the coping style. Interventions should be implemented early, especially for those population with a high level of psychological distress and/or with a negative coping style.

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Relationships of coping styles and psychological distress among patients with insomnia disorder

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-021-03254-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yinghui Li ◽

Xiaoyin Cong ◽

Suzhen Chen ◽

Yong Li

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Coping Style ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Coping Styles ◽

Targeted Prevention ◽

Sleep Complaints ◽

Positive Coping ◽

Insomnia Disorder ◽

Negative Coping

Abstract Background Insomnia appears to be one of the most frequent sleep complaints in the general population. It has significant negative impact on daily functioning. However, there has been little research that described the effect of coping style in insomnia disorder. Methods The Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) was used to evaluate 79 adult patients with insomnia disorder alongside 80 healthy controls. Additionally, sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90R) was utilized to determine the status of depression, anxiety and other psychological symptoms. Results Positive coping style score was significantly lower, whereas negative coping style score and nine symptomatic dimensions of SCL-90R were significantly higher in insomnia patients than in controls. Positive coping style score was adversely related to PSQI score, obsessive-compulsive, depression, anxiety and phobic anxiety, whereas negative coping style score was positively related to PSQI score, somatization and interpersonal sensitivity. Further multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that PSQI total score was independently and positively correlated with negative coping style score. Conclusions Insomniacs use more negative coping styles and less positive ones. Positive coping is adversely associated with insomnia symptoms and psychological distress, whereas negative coping is positively related to those symptoms. And negative coping has a negative effect on sleep quality. we should attach importance to coping styles of insomniacs in clinical practice, which may help to develop more targeted prevention and intervention strategies.

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Associations of negative life events and coping styles with sleep quality among Chinese adolescents: a cross-sectional study

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12199-021-01007-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zheng Ren ◽

Xiumin Zhang ◽

Yue Shen ◽

Xiangrong Li ◽

Minfu He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Life Events ◽

Coping Style ◽

Negative Life Events ◽

Coping Styles ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Negative Coping ◽

And Coping

Abstract Background Limited published research has examined the relationships of negative life events and coping styles with sleep quality in Chinese junior high school students. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of poor sleep quality and to clarify the role of coping styles between negative life events and sleep quality. Methods A cross-sectional study of 3081 students was conducted in Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, Southeastern China. Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index were applied to assess negative life events, coping styles, and sleep quality, respectively. Descriptive analyses, independent-samples t tests, one-way analyses of variance, Pearson correlation analyses, and structural equation modeling (SEM) were applied to analyze the data. Results The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 26.7%. Negative life events (B = 0.038, P < 0.001) and negative coping style (B = 0.049, P < 0.001) demonstrated a positive association with poor sleep quality, while positive coping style indicated a negative association with poor sleep quality (B = −0.029, P < 0.001). Interactions of negative life events and coping styles with sleep quality were not found (all P > 0.05). The association between negative life events and sleep quality was mediated by negative coping styles. Conclusions Our results indicated that poor sleep quality was common in these Chinese adolescents. Negative life events and negative coping style were associated with an increased prevalence of poor sleep quality, while the positive coping style was related to a decreased prevalence of poor sleep quality. A negative coping style mediated the association between negative life events and sleep quality.

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The Effect of Time Spent in Prison and Coping Styles on Psychological Distress in Inmates

The Prison Journal ◽

10.1177/0032885520978475 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 101 (1) ◽

pp. 60-79

Author(s):

Riley J. Luke ◽

Michael Daffern ◽

Jason L. Skues ◽

Justin S. Trounson ◽

Jeffrey E. Pfeifer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Young Adult ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Older Adult ◽

Coping Style ◽

Coping Styles ◽

Psychological Treatments ◽

Stressful Experience ◽

And Coping

Imprisonment can be an intensely stressful experience, and efforts to limit distress are critical to prevent adverse events such as suicide. This study examined whether time spent in prison predicted psychological distress in young adult and adult prisoners, and whether coping style moderated this relationship. While time spent in prison was not associated with distress, the use of avoidance coping was associated with higher levels of prisoner distress. Seeking social support was associated with lower levels of distress, but only for older adult prisoners. These results can be drawn upon to guide psychological treatments designed to lessen prisoner distress.

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The Mediating Role of Resilience and Self-Esteem Between Life Events and Coping Styles Among Rural Left-Behind Adolescents in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2020.560556 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Juan Li ◽

Yi-ping Chen ◽

Jie Zhang ◽

Meng-meng Lv ◽

Maritta Välimäki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Events ◽

Coping Style ◽

Coping Styles ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Left Behind ◽

Positive Coping ◽

Negative Coping ◽

And Coping

Objective: This study aims to explore the association between life events and coping styles, and how resilience and self-esteem mediate the association.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 981 left-behind adolescents (LBAs) in five junior high schools in Hunan Province, China, from April 13 to April 20, 2020. We utilized self-designed sociodemographic questionnaire, Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist, Resilience Scale Chinese Adolescent, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire to assess the mental health of LBAs. Statistic description, Pearson correlation analysis, and structural equation model were adopted to analyze the data.Results: Results revealed that life events could negatively predict resilience (β = −0.29, P < 0.001) and self-esteem (β = −0.39, P < 0.001) and positively predict LBAs' positive coping style (β = 0.28, P < 0.001) and negative coping style (β = 0.21, P < 0.001). Self-esteem could also positively predict the resilience of LBAs (β = 0.62, P < 0.001); resilience could negatively predict the negative coping style (β = −0.21, P < 0.001) and positively predict the positive coping style (β = 0.79, P < 0.001). Life events not only have direct effects on negative coping style (β = 0.21) and positive coping style (β = 0.28) but also have indirect effects on coping styles by affecting resilience (β = −0.29) and self-esteem (β = −0.39). The total effect of life events on coping styles was 0.32, where 34.37% was mediated by resilience and self-esteem.Conclusion: We proved that resilience and self-esteem mediated most of the effects of life events on coping styles. The findings had important implications for interventions to promote mental health of LBAs, particularly the enhancement of resilience and self-esteem.

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Relationships of coping styles and psychological distress among patients with insomnia disorder

10.21203/rs.3.rs-36226/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yinghui Li ◽

Xiaoyin Cong ◽

Suzhen Chen ◽

Yong Li

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Coping Style ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Coping Styles ◽

Targeted Prevention ◽

Sleep Complaints ◽

Positive Coping ◽

Insomnia Disorder ◽

Negative Coping

Abstract Background: Insomnia appears to be one of the most frequent sleep complaints in the general population. It has significant negative impact on daily functioning. however, there has been little research that described the effect of coping style in insomnia disorder.Methods: The Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) was used to evaluate 79 adult patients with insomnia disorder alongside 80 healthy controls. Additionally, sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90R) was utilized to determine the status of depression, anxiety and other psychological symptoms.Results: Positive coping style score was significantly lower, whereas negative coping style score and nine symptomatic dimensions of SCL-90R were significantly higher in insomnia patients than in controls. Positive coping style score was adversely related to PSQI score, obsessive-compulsive, depression, anxiety and phobic anxiety, whereas negative coping style score was positively related to PSQI score, somatization and interpersonal sensitivity. Further multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that PSQI total score was independently and positively correlated with negative coping style score.Conclusions: Insomniacs use more negative coping styles and less positive ones. Positive coping is adversely associated with insomnia symptoms and psychological distress, whereas negative coping is positively related to those symptoms. And negative coping has a negative effect on sleep quality. we should attach importance to coping styles of insomniacs in clinical practice, which may help to develop more targeted prevention and intervention strategies.

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Relationships of Coping Styles and Psychological Distress Among Patients with Insomnia Disorder

10.21203/rs.3.rs-36226/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yinghui Li ◽

Xiaoyin Cong ◽

Suzhen Chen ◽

Yong Li

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Coping Style ◽

Psychological Symptoms ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Coping Styles ◽

Sleep Complaints ◽

Positive Coping ◽

Insomnia Disorder ◽

Negative Coping

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The psychological distress and coping styles in the early stages of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic in the general mainland Chinese population: A web-based survey

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0233410 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. e0233410 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Huiyao Wang ◽

Qian Xia ◽

Zhenzhen Xiong ◽

Zhixiong Li ◽

Weiyi Xiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Chinese Population ◽

Coping Styles ◽

Web Based ◽

Mainland Chinese ◽

Early Stages ◽

And Coping ◽

Mainland Chinese Population

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The Relationship Between State Loneliness and Depression Among Youths During COVID-19 Lockdown: Coping Style as Mediator

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.701514 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Yayun Zhang ◽

Lin Huang ◽

Yuejia Luo ◽

Hui Ai

Keyword(s):

Coping Strategies ◽

Coping Style ◽

Coping Styles ◽

Public Mental Health ◽

Anxiety State ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Negative Coping ◽

And Coping ◽

The Relationship

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has had a great impact on public mental health. However, loneliness during the lockdown related to depression and whether the relationship would be mediated by coping style or whether sex moderates loneliness and coping style are not clear. The study aimed to examine the mediating role of coping style in the relationship between state loneliness and depression as well as the moderating role of sex in the relationship between state loneliness and coping styles during the COVID-19 lockdown. Participants were 337 college students in China during the COVID-19 pandemic (January–February 2020). States of depression and anxiety, state loneliness, and coping styles with COVID-19 were measured. The results show that loneliness was an effective predictor of depression during self-quarantine. Moreover, coping style mediated the relationship between state loneliness and depression although sex did not moderate the relationship between state loneliness and coping style. Youths were inclined to use more positive coping strategies than negative coping strategies. Our results indicate less loneliness is an effective way to relieve depression, and coping strategies, especially the positive ones, are important for youths to prevent depression and loneliness during the lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Risk communication: The roles of message appeal and coping style

Social Behavior and Personality An International Journal ◽

10.2224/sbp.6327 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (5) ◽

pp. 773-784 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mikyoung Kim ◽

Yoonhyeung Choi

Keyword(s):

Risk Perception ◽

Risk Communication ◽

Coping Style ◽

Coping Styles ◽

Message Processing ◽

News Stories ◽

Emotional Appeals ◽

Main Effect ◽

Message Appeals ◽

And Coping

We examined the main effect of message appeal (emotional and logical) and coping style (monitors and blunters) and the interaction effect between the two on risk message processing outcomes. Participants were 74 U.S. undergraduate and graduate students who read news stories about tornadoes, then rated their risk message processing outcomes. Results showed that emotional appeals led to a higher risk perception, probability of risk occurrence, and more accurate recognition memory than did logical appeals. Further, we found significant interaction effects between message appeal and coping style on risk perception. When message appeals were emotional, monitors perceived a higher risk and probability of risk occurrence than did blunters; however, when message appeals were logical, this difference between monitors and blunters disappeared. The findings suggest that (a) emotional appeals should be included in risk communication and (b) coping styles should be considered in effective risk communication.

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