general chinese population
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2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Wu He ◽  
Jieun Park ◽  
Wen-Sheng Huang ◽  
Li-Hua Leng ◽  
Yan Yu ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Aortic stiffness and coronary heart disease (CHD) share a similar spectrum of risk factors; previous studies have identified the association between aortic stiffness and CHD. Recent studies have demonstrated estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) as a simple and easy-acquired indicator of aortic stiffness. Our work aims to evaluate the association between ePWV and the prevalence of CHD and assess the value of ePWV for the identification of prevalent CHD. Methods The current cross-sectional work included 7012 subjects from rural areas of southeastern China between September 2020 and February 2021. ePWV was calculated from age and mean blood pressure by specific algorithm. Results The prevalence of CHD in our population was 3.58% (251 patients among 7012 subjects). After adjusting for age, sex, education, income and exercise level, current smoking and drinking status, body mass index, waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, estimated glomerular filtration rate and cerebrovascular diseases, each standard deviation increment of ePWV would produce an additional 37.8% risk of prevalent CHD. Moreover, after dividing ePWV into quartiles, the 4th quartile of ePWV showed a significant risk of prevalent CHD (OR (95% CI): 3.567 (1.963–6.479)) when compared with the 1st quartile. Additionally, the subgroup analysis showed the association between ePWV and prevalent CHD was robust to several common risk factors of CHD, including age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes and reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate. Finally, the area under curve (AUC) displayed an improvement when adding ePWV into common CHD risk factors (0.705 vs. 0.718. P = 0.044). Consistently, net reclassification index (0.436, 95% CI: 0.301–0.571, P < 0.001) and integrated discrimination index (0.004, 95% CI: 0.001–0.006, P = 0.002) demonstrated the value of ePWV to optimize the identification of prevalent CHD in the general population. Conclusion The present analysis implicates the robust association between ePWV, a simple, rapid, and practical marker of aortic stiffness, and prevalent CHD in the general Chinese population. More importantly, the results suggest the value of ePWV as a potential marker to improve the identification of prevalent CHD.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Luo ◽  
Pengchong Wang ◽  
Zhanjiang Li ◽  
Wenwen Cao ◽  
Huan Liu ◽  
...  

Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had an adverse impact on the mental health of the general population. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and correlates of health anxiety (HA) in the general Chinese population to inform psychological interventions in COVID-19-affected areas.Methods: We conducted an online survey of the general population in mainland China between 6 and 17 February 2020 (N = 1,450, 69.79% female; mean age = 37.5 ± 9.1 years). The Whiteley Index-7 (WI-7), COVID-19 knowledge quiz (CKQ), Generalised Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (PHQ-9), and socio-demographic information were surveyed using the Questionnaire-Star program.Results: The prevalence of HA, depression and anxiety were 47.3, 31.3, and 35.7%, respectively. The WI-7 score showed a significant association with age, education level, income, occupation, chronic disease and daily time focused on COVID-19. On binary logistic regression analysis, individuals with masters or higher qualification degree [odds ratio (OR) = 0.632)], older age (OR = 0.981), 2-4 h daily time focused on COVID-19 (OR = 0.684), healthcare workers (OR = 0.749, p = 0.046) and those with more COVID-19 related knowledge (OR = 0.785) showed a significantly negative association with HA. Chronic disease (OR = 1.962), depression (OR = 1.05) and anxiety (OR = 1.228) were significant risk factors for HA.Conclusions: HA was highly prevalent among the general population during the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak. More than two-fifths of the respondents had obvious HA. Chronic disease, depression and anxiety were risk factors for HA; psychological interventions offered during the pandemic should pay particular attention to these individuals.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Liu ◽  
Xiaohua Zhou ◽  
Jinbo Liu ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Na Zhao ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Vascular endothelial dysfunction, arteriosclerosis and atherosclerotic plaque are well-known risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Studies on vascular health markers have been well-established, however, there is still a lack of related research on combined vascular structure and function indicators. Method Beijing vascular health stratification (BVHS) is an evaluation system aiming at vascular health, combined the endothelial function, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerotic plaque and vascular lumen stenosis to comprehensively assess the vascular health and grade it. This study will explore the predictive value of the combined evaluation of vascular structure and function for cardiovascular events and assess the predictive value of BVHS and compare it with the existing risk assessment systems. A total of 1500 subjects will be enrolled into the prospective cohort study from a community and will be followed up for at least 3 years from July 1, 2020 to June 30, 2023. Subjects aged 40 or above, without coronary heart disease, stroke or peripheral artery disease, with written informed consent will be included; subjects with end-stage hepatorenal diseases (uremia, renal failure, cirrhosis, liver failure), mental disorders or cognitive disorders, with any other factors that the researcher thinks are not suitable for the study will be excluded. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors will be collected as adjusted confounders. Discussion BVHS is a potential and scientific vascular health evaluation system. The study will be the first to grade vascular health by combing various vascular indicators and explore the prediction value and compare with other risk prediction system in general Chinese population. Trial registration: The trial is registered on http://www.chictr.org.cn/ (ChiCTR2000034085).


Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-Yi Liu ◽  
Ming Yao ◽  
Yi Dai ◽  
Fei Han ◽  
Fei-Fei Zhai ◽  
...  

Background and Purpose: Researches on rare variants of NOTCH3 in the general Chinese population are lacking. This study aims to describe the spectrum of rare NOTCH3 variants by whole-exome sequencing in a Chinese community-based cohort and to investigate the association between rare NOTCH3 variants and age-related cerebral small vessel disease. Methods: The cross-sectional study comprised 1065 participants who underwent whole-exome sequencing and brain magnetic resonance imaging. NOTCH3 variants with minor allele frequency<1% in all 4 public population databases (1000 Genomes, ESP6500siv2_ALL, GnomAD_ALL, and GnomAD_EAS) were defined as rare variants. Multivariable linear and logistic regressions were used to investigate the associations between rare NOTCH3 variants and volume of white matter hyperintensities and cerebral small vessel disease burden. Clinical and imaging characteristics of rare NOTCH3 variant carriers were summarized. Results: Sixty-five rare NOTCH3 variants were identified in 147 of 1065 (13.8%) participants, including 57 missense single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 5 SNPs in splice branching sites, and 3 frameshift deletions. A significantly higher volume of white matter hyperintensities and heavier burden of cerebral small vessel disease was found in carriers of rare NOTCH3 EGFr (epidermal growth factor-like repeats)-involving variants, but not in carriers of EGFr-sparing variants. The carrying rate of rare EGFr-involving NOTCH3 variants in participants with dementia or stroke was significantly higher than those without dementia or stroke (12.4% versus 6.6%, P =0.041). Magnetic resonance imaging signs suggestive of CADASIL were found in 3.4% (5/145) rare EGFr cysteine-sparing NOTCH3 variant carriers but not in 2 cysteine-altering NOTCH3 variant carriers. Conclusions: Carriers of rare NOTCH3 variants involving the EGFr domain may be genetically predisposed to age-related cerebral small vessel disease in the general Chinese population.


Vascular ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 170853812110352
Author(s):  
Zhucheng Zhang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Yanyan Zhang ◽  
Pei Qin ◽  
Ping Zhao ◽  
...  

Background It is indicated that Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (LDL-C/HDL-C ratio) has greater predictive value for thickened carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) comparing with classic lipid parameters. However, there have been few reports about their association in general Chinese population. Method We included a total of 1220 CIMT participants and 2440 matched controls, who had ultrasonography of carotid artery during 2009 and 2016. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for thickened CIMT risk associated with LDL-C/HDL-C ratio. Result In the univariate logistic regression model, there was significant association between LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and thickened CIMT (Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.60–2.36; ptrend < 0.05). After adjusting for potential covariates, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio remained significantly associated with thickened CIMT (Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.41–2.34, ptrend < 0.001; ≥3.05 v.s. <3.05, OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.37–2.02). In subgroup analyses, the association between LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and thickened CIMT remained significant in the subgroups stratified by sex, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), hypertension, and fatty liver disease but only remained significant in the subgroups of ≥45 years (OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.46–2.76; Ptrend <0.05), BMI ≥24 (kg/m2) (OR = 2.22; 95% CI = 1.63-3.03; Ptrend < 0.05) and BMI ≥25 (kg/m2) (OR = 2.50, 95% CI: 1.76–3.54; Ptrend < 0.05), dyslipidemia (OR = 3.28, 95% CI: 1.83–5,85; Ptrend < 0.001), and without periodontitis (OR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.54–2.81 ; Ptrend < 0.05) comparing Q4 to Q1. Similar results were observed in the subgroup analyses for LDL-C/HDL-C ratio ≥3.05 v.s. <3.05 except for the age stratification. Conclusion High LDL-C/HDL-C ratio could significantly increase the risk of thickened CIMT independent of gender, IFG, hypertension, and fatty liver disease in general Chinese population.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofan Guo ◽  
Zhao Li ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Shasha Yu ◽  
Hongmei Yang ◽  
...  

Background: Prolonged heart rate-corrected QT (QTc) interval has been associated with incident cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in general Western populations. However, this association is unclear in Asian population. We aim to estimate the association between QTc interval and incident CVD in a general Chinese population.Methods: We analyzed 8,867 participants age ≥35 years and free of CVD at baseline in the Northeast China Rural Cardiovascular Health Study. A resting 12-lead electrocardiogram was performed on all participants, and QTc interval computed using the Framingham formula. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between QTc interval and incident stroke, coronary heart disease, and combined CVD events.Results: Over a median follow-up of 4.66 years, a total of 439 CVD events occurred (298 stroke cases and 152 CHD cases). After full adjustment, prolonged QTc defined by a sex-specific cutoff was associated with increased risk of developing stroke (HR: 1.82, 95% CI 1.20–2.75, P = 0.004) and combined CVD (HR: 1.52, 95% CI 1.05–2.19, P = 0.026). Spline analyses demonstrated no clear thresholds; when modeled as a linear relationship, each 10 ms increase of QTc interval was associated with an HR of 1.12 (95% CI 1.06–1.19, P &lt; 0.001) for stroke and an HR of 1.10 (95% CI 1.05–1.15, P &lt; 0.001) for combined CVD. Baseline QTc interval was not associated with incident CHD with either modeling strategy.Conclusions: Baseline QTc interval is associated with incident stroke and CVD in adults without prior CVD from a general Chinese population.


2021 ◽  
pp. jmedgenet-2021-107886
Author(s):  
Li Zhang ◽  
Zixin Qin ◽  
Teng Huang ◽  
Benjamin Tam ◽  
Yongsen Ruan ◽  
...  

BackgroundIdentifying genetic disease-susceptible individuals through population screening is considered as a promising approach for disease prevention. DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes including MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2 play essential roles in maintaining microsatellite stability through DNA mismatch repair, and pathogenic variation in MMR genes causes microsatellite instability and is the genetic predisposition for cancer as represented by the Lynch syndrome. While the prevalence and spectrum of MMR variation has been extensively studied in cancer, it remains largely elusive in the general population. Lack of the knowledge prevents effective prevention for MMR variation–caused cancer. In the current study, we addressed the issue by using the Chinese population as a model.MethodsWe performed extensive data mining to collect MMR variant data from 18 844 ethnic Chinese individuals and comprehensive analyses for the collected MMR variants to determine its prevalence, spectrum and features of the MMR data in the Chinese population.ResultsWe identified 17 687 distinct MMR variants. We observed substantial differences of MMR variation between the general Chinese population and Chinese patients with cancer, identified highly Chinese-specific MMR variation through comparing MMR data between Chinese and non-Chinese populations, predicted the enrichment of deleterious variants in the unclassified Chinese-specific MMR variants, determined MMR pathogenic prevalence of 0.18% in the general Chinese population and determined that MMR variation in the general Chinese population is evolutionarily neutral.ConclusionOur study provides a comprehensive view of MMR variation in the general Chinese population, a resource for biological study of human MMR variation, and a reference for MMR-related cancer applications.


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