scholarly journals Distinct large-scale networks are associated with motor and nonmotor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sule Tinaz ◽  
Serageldin Kamel ◽  
Sai S. Aravala ◽  
Mine Sezgin ◽  
Mohamed Elfil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Nonmotor Symptoms ◽  
Large Scale Networks ◽  
Brain Data

ABSTRACTParkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized clinically by various motor and nonmotor symptoms. The underlying neuroanatomical correlates of nonmotor symptoms in PD remain poorly understood. We investigated the differences and commonalities in the neuroanatomical correlates 1) between highly prevalent nonmotor features including fatigue, anxiety, depression, and apathy, and 2) between these nonmotor features and motor severity in nondemented subjects with mild PD (Hoehn & Yahr disease stage 2) using structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging. Compared to matched controls, the PD group showed atrophy in the basal ganglia and superior frontal cortex. Motor severity correlated with cortical thinning in frontotemporal regions, as well as with reduced functional connectivity between the frontostriatal and cerebellar networks. The composite nonmotor symptom severity did not show any correlation with the structural brain data, but correlated with reduced functional connectivity in a large-scale network consisting of frontostriatal, parietotemporal, and cerebellar nodes. The individual components of the nonmotor symptoms also mapped onto specific neural networks. Our study shows that motor and nonmotor features in PD are associated with distinct large-scale networks. The basal ganglia and cerebellum are core regions in all of these networks. The abnormal functional connectivity in the nonmotor network seems to be related to cognitive and emotional dysregulation and may have implications for future cognitive decline in PD.

scholarly journals Effects of dopamine agonist treatment on resting-state network connectivity in Parkinson’s disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Cole ◽  
Bahram Mohammadi ◽  
Maria Milenkova ◽  
Katja Kollewe ◽  
Christoph Schrader ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Dopamine Agonist ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Resting State Network ◽  
Large Scale Networks

ABSTRACTDopamine agonist (DA) medications commonly used to treat, or ‘normalise’, motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) may lead to cognitive-neuropsychiatric side effects, such as increased impulsivity in decision-making. Subject-dependent variation in the neural response to dopamine modulation within cortico-basal ganglia circuitry is thought to play a key role in these latter, non-motor DA effects. This neuroimaging study combined resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with DA modification in patients with idiopathic PD, investigating whether brain ‘resting-state network’ (RSN) functional connectivity metrics identify disease-relevant effects of dopamine on systems-level neural processing. By comparing patients both ‘On’ and ‘Off’ their DA medications with age-matched, un-medicated healthy control subjects (HCs), we identified multiple non-normalising DA effects on frontal and basal ganglia RSN cortico-subcortical connectivity patterns in PD. Only a single isolated, potentially ‘normalising’, DA effect on RSN connectivity in sensori-motor systems was observed, within cerebro-cerebellar neurocircuitry. Impulsivity in reward-based decision-making was positively correlated with ventral striatal connectivity within basal ganglia circuitry in HCs, but not in PD patients. Overall, we provide brain systems-level evidence for anomalous DA effects in PD on large-scale networks supporting cognition and motivated behaviour. Moreover, findings suggest that dysfunctional striatal and basal ganglia signalling patterns in PD are compensated for by increased recruitment of other cortico-subcortical and cerebro-cerebellar systems.

scholarly journals The organization of the basal ganglia functional connectivity network is non-linear in Parkinson's disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 101708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Rodriguez-Sabate ◽  
Ingrid Morales ◽  
Jesus N. Lorenzo ◽  
Manuel Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Non Linear

scholarly journals Dissociation of Neural Mechanisms for Intersensory Timing Deficits in Parkinson’s Disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah L. Harrington ◽  
Gabriel N. Castillo ◽  
Jason D. Reed ◽  
David D. Song ◽  
Irene Litvan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Anterior Insula ◽  
Visual Signals ◽  
Controlled Attention ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
Attention Demands

This study investigated the ability of individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) to synthesize temporal information across the senses, namely audition and vision. Auditory signals (A) are perceived as lasting longer than visual signals (V) when they are compared together, since attention is captured and sustained more easily than for visual information. We used the audiovisual illusion to probe for disturbances in brain networks that govern the resolution of time in two intersensory conditions that putatively differ in their attention demands. PD patients and controls judged the relative duration of successively presented pairs of unimodal (AA, VV) and crossmodal (VA, AV) signals whilst undergoing fMRI. There were four main findings. First, underestimation of time was exaggerated in PD when timing depended on controlled attention (AV), whereas subtle deficits were found when audition dominated and attention was more easily sustained (VA). Second, group differences in regional activation were observed only for the AV-unimodal comparison, where the PD group failed to modulate basal ganglia, anterior insula, and inferior cerebellum activity in accord with the timing condition. Third, the intersensory timing conditions were dissociated by patterns of abnormal functional connectivity. When intersensory timing emphasized controlled attention, patients showed weakened connectivity of the cortico-thalamus-basal ganglia (CTBG) circuit and the anterior insula with widespread cortical regions, yet enhanced cerebellar connectivity. When audition dominated intersensory timing, patients showed enhanced connectivity of CTBG elements, the anterior insula, and the cerebellum with the caudate tail and frontal cortex. Fourth, abnormal connectivity measures showed excellent sensitivity and specificity in accurately classifying subjects. The results demonstrate that intersensory timing deficits in PD were well characterized by context-dependent patterns of functional connectivity within a presumed core timing system (CTBG) and a ventral attention hub (anterior insula), and enhanced cerebellar connectivity irrespective of the hypothesized attention demands of timing.

scholarly journals Bilateral Functional Connectivity of the Basal Ganglia in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease and Its Modulation by Dopaminergic Treatment

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e82762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Little ◽  
Huiling Tan ◽  
Anam Anzak ◽  
Alek Pogosyan ◽  
Andrea Kühn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Functional Connectivity

scholarly journals Aberrant functional connectivity within the basal ganglia of patients with Parkinson's disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 126-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Rolinski ◽  
Ludovica Griffanti ◽  
Konrad Szewczyk-Krolikowski ◽  
Ricarda A.L. Menke ◽  
Gordon K. Wilcock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Functional Connectivity

scholarly journals Increased functional connectivity of thalamic subdivisions in patients with Parkinson’s disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conor Owens-Walton ◽  
David Jakabek ◽  
Brian D. Power ◽  
Mark Walterfang ◽  
Dennis Velakoulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Supplementary Motor Area ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Precise Role ◽  
Prefrontal Cortices

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) affects 2-3% of the population over the age of 65 with loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra impacting the functioning of basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits. The precise role played by the thalamus is unknown, despite its critical role in the functioning of the cerebral cortex, and the abnormal neuronal activity of the structure in PD. Our objective was to more clearly elucidate how functional connectivity and morphology of the thalamus are impacted in PD (n = 32) compared to Controls (n = 20). To investigate functional connectivity of the thalamus we subdivided the structure into two important regions-of-interest, the first with putative connections to the motor cortices and the second with putative connections to prefrontal cortices. We then investigated potential differences in the size and shape of the thalamus in PD, and how morphology and functional connectivity relate to clinical variables. Our data demonstrate that PD is associated with increases in functional connectivity between motor subdivisions of the thalamus and the supplementary motor area, and between prefrontal thalamic subdivisions and nuclei of the basal ganglia, anterior and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices, as well as the anterior and paracingulate gyri. These results suggest that PD is associated with increased functional connectivity of subdivisions of the thalamus which may be indicative alterations to basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuitry.

scholarly journals Effects of Acupuncture & Qigong Meditation on Nonmotor Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-253
Author(s):  
Jaejong Kim ◽  
Ki Heang Cho ◽  
So jung An ◽  
Shanqin Cui ◽  
Sun Wook Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nonmotor Symptoms ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Disease Rating ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Smell Identification

Background: Parkinson's disease(PD) affects not only motor symptoms, but also nonmotor symptoms. This study is a clinical trial to determine whether Qigong and acupuncture affect nonmotor symptoms of PD.Methods: A 2-arm parallel and randomized trial was performed with 21 participants who had received either Qigong meditation only [control group (CG)] or acupuncture and Qigong meditation [experimental group (EG)]. The participants' levels of the discomfort in nonmotor symptoms from Parkinson's disease were evaluated by using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scales (UPDRS 1) and Test of Smell Identification (TSI) before and after 12 treatments at baseline and 1 month after 12 treatments.Results: The both CG and EG showed improvements in the UPDRS 1 score after treatment by 5.6 ± 5.15 (<i>p</i>= 0.003; 74%) and 4.8 ± 3.80 (<i>p</i> = 0.004; 79%), respectively. The both CG and the EG did improvements in the TSI after treatment by 10.3 ± 4.37 (<i>p</i> < 0.001; 84%) and 12.6 ± 1.77 (<i>p</i> = 0.022; 100%), respectively. However, statistical differences were not observed between the CG and the EG using the UPDRS 1 and the TSI scores.Conclusion: The combination of Qigong and acupuncture and Qigong alone was shown to improve the nonmotor symptoms and olfactory function of PD. In the future, large-scale clinical studies on alternative treatment for PD and studies on mechanisms affecting nonmotor symptoms of acupuncture and Qigong are needed.

scholarly journals Networks Are Associated With Depression in Patients With Parkinson’s Disease: A Resting-State Imaging Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Liao ◽  
Sainan Cai ◽  
Qin Shen ◽  
Jie Fan ◽  
Tianyu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Sensorimotor Network ◽  
Depression Level ◽  
Large Scale Networks ◽  
The Right

BackgroundDisturbance of networks was recently proposed to be associated with the occurrence of depression in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the neurobiological mechanism of depression underlying PD remains unclear.ObjectiveThis study was conducted to investigate whether intra-network and inter-network brain connectivity is differently changed in PD patients with and without depression (PDD and PDND patients, respectively).MethodsForty-one PDD patients, 64 PDND patients, and 55 healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The default mode network (DMN), executive control network (ECN), salience network (SN), precuneus network (PCUN), and sensorimotor network (SMN) were extracted using independent component analysis (ICA), and then the functional connectivity (FC) values within and between these networks were measured.ResultsPDD patients exhibited abnormal FC values within the DMN, ECN, SN, PCUN, and SMN. In addition, PDD patients demonstrated decreased connectivity between anterior SN (aSN) and bilateral ECN, between posterior SN (pSN) and dorsal DMN (dDMN), and between PCUN and dDMN/SMN/bilateral ECN. Connectivity within the left hippocampus of dDMN and the right medial superior frontal gyrus of aSN was a significant predictor of depression level in PD patients.ConclusionsAberrant intra- and inter-network FC is involved in several important hubs in the large-scale networks, which can be a biomarker for distinguishing PDD from PDND.

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