Phylogenomics of Brosimum Sw. (Moraceae) and allied genera, including a revised subgeneric system

AbstractWe present a phylogenomic study of Brosimum and the allied genera Trymatococcus and Helianthostylis, with near-complete taxon sampling. Distributed from Mexico and the Greater Antilles to the Amazon, this clade contains the underutilized crop ramón (bread nut) (Brosimum alicastrum) as well as other species valued for timber or medicinal uses. Target enrichment for 333 genes produced a well-resolved phylogenetic tree and showed that Trymatoccocus and Helianthostylis are nested within Brosimum. We present a revised subgeneric classification of Brosimum based on phylogenetic and morphological considerations, including the reduction of Trymatococcus and Helianthostylis to subgenera. The monophyletic subgenera can be diagnosed based on stipule, pistillode, and cotyledon synapomorphies. Divergence date estimates suggest a Miocene origin for Brosimum, and ancestral area reconstruction indicated that all four subgenera originated and initially diversified in Amazonia before dispersing into other parts of South and Central America.ResumenPresentamos un estudio filogenómico del género Brosimum y sus aliados, Trymatococcus y Helianthostylis, y que incluye prácticamente todas las especies descritas. Su distribución va desde México y las Antillas Mayores hasta el Amazonas y comprende especies como el ramón (B. alicastrum), un cultivo infrautilizado, y otras especies empleadas como madera o en medicina. La secuenciación masiva dirigida de 333 marcadores nucleares de copia única permitió la reconstrucción de una filogenia bien resuelta, en la que se demuestra que Trymatococcus y Helianthostylis están anidados en Brosimum. Presentamos, por lo tanto, una clasificación revisada a nivel de especies, teniendo en cuenta los resultados moleculares y las características morfológicas, y donde Trymatococcus y Helianthostylis pasan a ser subgéneros de Brosimum. Estos subgéneros monofiléticos pueden ser identificados por caracteres de las estípulas y de los pistilodios.

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Phylogeography of Nasutitermes ephratae (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) in Neotropical region

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1238841/v1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Amanda de Faria Santos ◽

Eliana Marques Cancello ◽

Adriana Coletto Morales

Keyword(s):

Genetic Structure ◽

Central America ◽

Divergence Time ◽

Haplotype Network ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

Ancestral Area ◽

Genetic Patterns ◽

Dispersal Route ◽

Ancestral Area Reconstruction ◽

History Of

Abstract The neotropical region ranks third in the number of termites with five different families. Of these, Termitidae is the most diverse and includes the species Nasutitermes ephratae and is common in the neotropics. To date, only one study has been published about phylogeographic issues in neotropical termites (N. corniger). Here, we aimed to investigate and analyze the population genetic patterns of N. ephratae and then evaluated the phylogeographical processes involved in the evolutionary history of the species. We used the mitochondrial genes 16S rRNA and COII as molecular markers: These were sequenced for 128 samples of N. ephratae. We estimated the genetic diversity and divergence time as well as the demographic and genetic structure analyses. We also produced ancestral area reconstruction and a haplotype network. The results showed high genetic variability, recent demographic expansion, and strong genetic structure. We also inferred a dispersal route for the species that occurred in both directions between South and Central America. The results emphasize a temporary separation between the South and Central America population that affected the origin of the current Central America populations. These were formed form different phylogeographic histories.

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Historical biogeography of the Iberian Peninsula: multilocus phylogeny and ancestral area reconstruction for the freshwater fish genus Squalius (Actinopterygii, Leuciscidae)

Journal of Zoological Systematics & Evolutionary Research ◽

10.1111/jzs.12464 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Silvia Perea ◽

Carla Sousa‐Santos ◽

Joana Robalo ◽

Ignacio Doadrio

Keyword(s):

Iberian Peninsula ◽

Freshwater Fish ◽

Historical Biogeography ◽

Ancestral Area ◽

Ancestral Area Reconstruction ◽

Multilocus Phylogeny

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A Global Phylogenomic Study of the Thelypteridaceae

Systematic Botany ◽

10.1600/036364421x16370109698650 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 46 (4) ◽

pp. 891-915

Author(s):

Susan Fawcett ◽

Alan R. Smith ◽

Michael Sundue ◽

J. Gordon Burleigh ◽

Emily B. Sessa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characters ◽

Morphological Evidence ◽

Phylogenetic Studies ◽

The Family ◽

Likelihood Analysis ◽

Single Genus ◽

The Subject ◽

Recent Classification ◽

Phylogenomic Study

Abstract— The generic classification of the Thelypteridaceae has been the subject of much controversy. Proposed taxonomic systems have varied from recognizing the approximately 1200 species in the family within the single genus Thelypteris, to systems favoring upwards of 30 genera. Insights on intrafamilial relationships, especially for neotropical taxa, have been gained from recent phylogenetic studies; however, in the most recent classification, 10 of 30 recognized genera are either non-monophyletic or untested. We sequenced 407 nuclear loci for 621 samples, representing all recognized genera and approximately half the known species diversity. These were analyzed using both maximum likelihood analysis of a concatenated matrix and multi-species coalescent methods. Our phylogenomic results, informed by recently published morphological evidence, provide the foundation for a generic classification which recircumscribed 14 genera and recognized seven new genera. The 37 monophyletic genera sampled demonstrate greater geographic coherence than previous taxonomic concepts suggested. Additionally, our results demonstrate that certain morphological characters, such as frond division, are evolutionarily labile and are thus inadequate for defining genera.

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Species Delimitation and evolutionary history of tree frogs in the Hyla chinensis-group (Hylidae, Amphibian)

10.21203/rs.2.14113/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Tao Pan ◽

Guiyou Wu ◽

Xing Kang ◽

Peng Yan ◽

Izaz Ali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Delimitation ◽

Divergence Time ◽

Distinct Species ◽

Species Group ◽

Early Miocene ◽

Evolutionary Divergence ◽

Dabie Mountains ◽

Ancestral Area ◽

Ancestral Area Reconstruction ◽

History Of

Abstract Background Species are the cornerstone in many domains of biology research, which made the accurate species delimitation became critically important. In this study, the systematics and biogeography of the Hyla chinensis -group were analyzed based on phylogeny, species delimitation and ancestral area reconstruction methods.Results The phylogenetic results showed six specific clusters existed in the H. chinensis- group. BPP analysis indicated that six distinct species exist due to the high probability values (>0.95), which were also supported by the BF analysis. The divergence time of the H. chinensis -group is estimated to date back to 18.84 Mya in the early Miocene. Combining the results of ancestral area reconstruction, the H. chinensis -group might have originated from Guangxi-Hainan, then spread eastwardly and reached Nanling mountains, Wuyi mountains, Huangshan mountains and Taiwan. In rightabout colonization, it is gradually extended to the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, Sichuan basin, Qinling mountains and Dabie mountains. Considering the geological movement from early Miocene to Pliocene, the colonization pattern of the H. chinensis -group maybe closely related to the progressive uplift of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) and historical climate change.Conclusions Our study provides evidence for species delimitation and speciation process within the H. chinensis -group. Our study supports the hypothesis that the evolutionary divergence in this species group was a consequence of the progressive uplift of QTP and environmental change.

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Typhliasina Whitley 1951, an unneeded replacement name for Typhlias Hubbs 1938 (Ophidiiformes: Dinematichthyidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4319.2.6 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4319 (2) ◽

pp. 371

Author(s):

CHRISTOPHER SCHARPF

Keyword(s):

Central America ◽

New Genus ◽

Yucatan Peninsula ◽

Freshwater Fishes ◽

Junior Synonym ◽

New Genus And Species ◽

Yucatán Peninsula

Hubbs (1938) described Typhlias pearsei, representing both a new genus and species of blind cusk-eel (Ophidiiformes: Dinematichthyidae) from freshwater caves and sinkholes of the Yucatán peninsula of Mexico. Whitley (1951:67) proposed Typhliasina as a replacement name for Typhlias, citing a list of zoological names published by Neave (1950:284), but did not mention the taxon and author to which the putative senior homonym belonged. Cohen and Nielsen (1978:60) treated Typhliasina as a junior synonym of Ogilbia Jordan & Evermann 1898 in their provisional classification of the Ophidiiformes, wherein they mentioned that Typhlias Hubbs 1938 is preoccupied by Typhlias Bryce 1910 in rotifers. Typhlias Bryce 1910 has subsequently been given as the senior homonym in three important works: the FAO species catalog of ophidiiform fishes (Nielsen & Cohen 1999:134), Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America (Nielsen 2003:507), and a revisionary study (Møller et al. 2004:186) in which Typhliasina is resurrected from the synonymy of Ogilbia. However, a careful reading of Neave (1950) and Bryce (1910) reveals a fact that had apparently been overlooked: Typhlias Bryce 1910 is not an available name, but a lapsus for Typhlina Ehrenberg 1831.

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A review of Caribbean Copepoda associated with reef-dwelling cnidarians, echinoderms and sponges

Contributions to Zoology ◽

10.1163/18759866-20191411 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 88 (3) ◽

pp. 297-349 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Oksana A. Korzhavina ◽

Bert W. Hoeksema ◽

Viatcheslav N. Ivanenko

Keyword(s):

Gulf Of Mexico ◽

Greater Antilles ◽

Stony Corals ◽

Southern Caribbean ◽

Eastern Caribbean ◽

Symbiotic Copepods

This review of copepod crustaceans associated with reef-dwelling cnidarians, sponges and echinoderms of the Greater Caribbean is based on published records, systematically arranged by the classification of symbiotic copepods and their hosts, sampling sites, coordinates, depth and date of sampling, literature sources, and three recent surveys (Cuba, St. Eustatius in the Eastern Caribbean and Curaçao in the Southern Caribbean). This resulted in totals of 532 records of 115 species of symbiotic copepods (47 genera, 17 families, three orders) hosted by 80 species of invertebrates, representing scleractinians (47%), octocorals (9%), echinoderms (3%), and sponges (1%). Among ten Caribbean ecoregions, the Greater Antilles (with 64 species of symbiotic copepods) as well as the Southern and Eastern Caribbean (with 46 and 17 species of copepods, respectively) are the most studied and best represented, whereas only six species of copepods are known from Bermuda, one from Southwestern Caribbean and none from the Gulf of Mexico. The absence of poecilostomatoid copepods (Anchimolgidae, Rhynchomolgidae and Xarifidae) on Caribbean stony corals as noted by Stock (1988) is confirmed. The results indicate that the diversity and ecology of Caribbean symbiotic copepods are still poorly investigated.

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Conservation of Brosimum alicastrum, an underutilized crop and keystone forest tree species; a potential win–win for conservation and development in Latin America

Biodiversity and Conservation ◽

10.1007/s10531-015-0913-9 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 24 (8) ◽

pp. 1917-1930 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Tonya A. Lander ◽

Alexandre Monro

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Tree Species ◽

Forest Tree ◽

Conservation And Development ◽

Forest Tree Species ◽

Underutilized Crop ◽

Brosimum Alicastrum

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New insights on the taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of the Neotropical genus Phoebis (Pieridae: Coliadinae) revealed by molecular and morphological data

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4457.1.10 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4457 (1) ◽

pp. 179 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

LEIDYS MURILLO-RAMOS ◽

RENZO HERNÁNDEZ TORRES ◽

RAYNER NÚÑEZ ÁGUILA ◽

ROGER AYAZO

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characters ◽

Point Of View ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Caribbean Region ◽

Greater Antilles ◽

Data Set ◽

Mitochondrial Coi ◽

The Matrix ◽

Taxonomic Point

Phoebis Hübner (1819) is a genus of the Neotropical subfamily Coliadinae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). The highest diversity is found in the Greater Antilles islands in the Caribbean region. Although from the taxonomic point of view, Phoebis seems to be a stable genus, there is no phylogenetic hypothesis corroborating the monophyly of the genus. In this study, we used both morphological characters and a genetic dataset consisting of one mitochondrial (COI) and three nuclear markers (RpS5, MDH, Wingless). The matrix was concatenated and analysed with parsimony under implied weights (IW). Also, the concatenated data set was analysed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference evolutionary methods, and ancestral states reconstruction with characters traditionally used for classification of Phoebis was carried out. The same topology was recovered by Parsimony, ML and BI analysis, and suggest that Phoebis is not a monophyletic genus, with Aphrissa and Rhabdodryas nested within it. Our findings allow us to consider the genera Rhabdodryas syn.rev. and Aphrissa syn.rev. to be synonyms of Phoebis. These results have implications for the systematics of Phoebis and the genera that should be accepted in Coliadinae.

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