scholarly journals Replay bursts coincide with activation of the default mode and parietal alpha network

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron Higgins ◽  
Yunzhe Liu ◽  
Diego Vidaurre ◽  
Zeb Kurth-Nelson ◽  
Ray Dolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Flow ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Band Power ◽  
Open Question

AbstractOur brains at rest spontaneously replay recently acquired information, but how this process is orchestrated to avoid interference with ongoing cognition is an open question. We investigated whether replay coincided with spontaneous patterns of whole brain activity. We found, in two separate datasets, that replay sequences were packaged into transient bursts occurring selectively during activation of the default mode network (DMN) and parietal alpha network. These networks were characterized by widespread synchronized oscillations coupled to increases in ripple band power, mechanisms that coordinate information flow between disparate cortical areas. Our data show a tight correspondence between two widely studied phenomena of neural physiology and suggest the DMN may coordinate replay bursts in a manner that minimizes interference with ongoing cognition.

Patterns of Brain Activity Supporting Autobiographical Memory, Prospection, and Theory of Mind, and Their Relationship to the Default Mode Network

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1112-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Nathan Spreng ◽  
Cheryl L. Grady
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Cognitive Behaviors ◽  
Core Set ◽  
Multiple Processes ◽  
Human Feature

The ability to rise above the present environment and reflect upon the past, the future, and the minds of others is a fundamentally defining human feature. It has been proposed that these three self-referential processes involve a highly interconnected core set of brain structures known as the default mode network (DMN). The DMN appears to be active when individuals are engaged in stimulus-independent thought. This network is a likely candidate for supporting multiple processes, but this idea has not been tested directly. We used fMRI to examine brain activity during autobiographical remembering, prospection, and theory-of-mind reasoning. Using multivariate analyses, we found a common pattern of neural activation underlying all three processes in the DMN. In addition, autobiographical remembering and prospection engaged midline DMN structures to a greater degree and theory-of-mind reasoning engaged lateral DMN areas. A functional connectivity analysis revealed that activity of a critical node in the DMN, medial prefrontal cortex, was correlated with activity in other regions in the DMN during all three tasks. We conclude that the DMN supports common aspects of these cognitive behaviors involved in simulating an internalized experience.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Brain Activity in the Default Mode Network Is Sensitive to Different Resting-State Conditions with Limited Cognitive Load

PLoS ONE ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. e5743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaogan Yan ◽  
Dongqiang Liu ◽  
Yong He ◽  
Qihong Zou ◽  
Chaozhe Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Spontaneous Brain Activity

scholarly journals Inhibition of Information Flow to the Default Mode Network During Self-Reference Versus Reference to Others

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joram Soch ◽  
Lorenz Deserno ◽  
Anne Assmann ◽  
Adriana Barman ◽  
Henrik Walter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Flow ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Self Reference

scholarly journals Temporal circuit of macroscale dynamic brain activity supports human consciousness

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. eaaz0087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zirui Huang ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Jinsong Wu ◽  
George A. Mashour ◽  
Anthony G. Hudetz
Keyword(s):  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Human Consciousness ◽  
Attention Network ◽  
Attention Networks ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Dorsal Attention Network ◽  
Brain States

The ongoing stream of human consciousness relies on two distinct cortical systems, the default mode network and the dorsal attention network, which alternate their activity in an anticorrelated manner. We examined how the two systems are regulated in the conscious brain and how they are disrupted when consciousness is diminished. We provide evidence for a “temporal circuit” characterized by a set of trajectories along which dynamic brain activity occurs. We demonstrate that the transitions between default mode and dorsal attention networks are embedded in this temporal circuit, in which a balanced reciprocal accessibility of brain states is characteristic of consciousness. Conversely, isolation of the default mode and dorsal attention networks from the temporal circuit is associated with unresponsiveness of diverse etiologies. These findings advance the foundational understanding of the functional role of anticorrelated systems in consciousness.

scholarly journals The Functional Convergence and Heterogeneity of Social, Episodic, and Self-Referential Thought in the Default Mode Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 5915-5929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Wen ◽  
Daniel J Mitchell ◽  
John Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Multiple Components ◽  
Common Activity ◽  
Rest Condition

Abstract The default mode network (DMN) is engaged in a variety of cognitive settings, including social, semantic, temporal, spatial, and self-related tasks. Andrews-Hanna et al. (2010; Andrews-Hanna 2012) proposed that the DMN consists of three distinct functional–anatomical subsystems—a dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dMPFC) subsystem that supports social cognition; a medial temporal lobe (MTL) subsystem that contributes to memory-based scene construction; and a set of midline core hubs that are especially involved in processing self-referential information. We examined activity in the DMN subsystems during six different tasks: 1) theory of mind, 2) moral dilemmas, 3) autobiographical memory, 4) spatial navigation, 5) self/other adjective judgment, and 6) a rest condition. At a broad level, we observed similar whole-brain activity maps for the six contrasts, and some response to every contrast in each of the three subsystems. In more detail, both univariate analysis and multivariate activity patterns showed partial functional separation, especially between dMPFC and MTL subsystems, though with less support for common activity across the midline core. Integrating social, spatial, self-related, and other aspects of a cognitive situation or episode, multiple components of the DMN may work closely together to provide the broad context for current mental activity.

scholarly journals Brain functional connectivity and morphology changes in medication-overuse headache: Clue for dependence-related processes?

Cephalalgia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 605-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Chanraud ◽  
G Di Scala ◽  
B Dilharreguy ◽  
J Schoenen ◽  
M Allard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Medication Overuse ◽  
Medication Overuse Headache ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Brain Functional Connectivity ◽  
Gray Matter Volumes

Background Several imaging studies have identified localized anatomical and functional brain changes in medication-overuse headache (MOH). Objective The objective of this article is to evaluate whole-brain functional connectivity at rest together with voxel-based morphometry in MOH patients, in comparison with episodic migraine (EM) patients and healthy controls (HCs). Methods Anatomical MRI and resting-state functional MRI scans were obtained in MOH patients ( n = 17 and 9, respectively), EM patients ( n = 18 and 15, respectively) and HCs ( n = 17 and 17). SPM8 was used to analyze voxel-based morphometry and seed (left precuneus) to voxel connectivity data in the whole brain. Results Functional connectivity at rest was altered in MOH patients. Connectivity was decreased between precuneus and regions of the default-mode network (frontal and parietal cortices), but increased between precuneus and hippocampal/temporal areas. These functional modifications were not accompanied by significant gross morphological changes. Furthermore, connectivity between precuneus and frontal areas in MOH was negatively correlated with migraine duration and positively correlated with self-evaluation of medication dependence. Gray matter volumes of frontal regions, precuneus and hippocampus were also negatively related to migraine duration. Functional connectivity within the default-mode network appeared to predict anxiety scores of MOH patients while gray matter volumes in this network predicted their depression scores. Conclusions Our data suggest that MOH is associated with functional alterations within intrinsic brain networks rather than with macrostructural changes. They also support the view that dependence-related processes might play a prominent role in its development and maintenance.

scholarly journals Neural markers of negative symptom outcomes in distributed working memory brain activity of antipsychotic-naive schizophrenia patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1195-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayna B. Nejad ◽  
Kristoffer H. Madsen ◽  
Bjørn H. Ebdrup ◽  
Hartwig R. Siebner ◽  
Hans Rasmussen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Negative Symptom ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Default Mode

Abstract Since working memory deficits in schizophrenia have been linked to negative symptoms, we tested whether features of the one could predict the treatment outcome in the other. Specifically, we hypothesized that working memory-related functional connectivity at pre-treatment can predict improvement of negative symptoms in antipsychotic-treated patients. Fourteen antipsychotic-naive patients with first-episode schizophrenia were clinically assessed before and after 7 months of quetiapine monotherapy. At baseline, patients underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing a verbal n-back task. Spatial independent component analysis identified task-modulated brain networks. A linear support vector machine was trained with these components to discriminate six patients who showed improvement in negative symptoms from eight non-improvers. Classification accuracy and significance was estimated by leave-one-out cross-validation and permutation tests, respectively. Two frontoparietal and one default mode network components predicted negative symptom improvement with a classification accuracy of 79% (p = 0.003). Discriminating features were found in the frontoparietal networks but not the default mode network. These preliminary data suggest that functional patterns at baseline can predict negative symptom treatment–response in schizophrenia. This information may be used to stratify patients into subgroups thereby facilitating personalized treatment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document