Genome wide identification of QTL associated with yield and yield components in two popular wheat cultivars TAM 111 and TAM 112

AbstractTwo drought-tolerant wheat cultivars, ‘TAM 111’ and ‘TAM 112’, have been widely grown in the Southern Great Plains of the U.S. and used as parents in many wheat breeding programs worldwide. This study aimed to reveal genetic control of yield and yield components in the two cultivars under both dryland and irrigated conditions. A mapping population containing 124 F5:7 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed from the cross of TAM 112/TAM 111. A set of 5,948 SNPs from the wheat 90K iSelect array and double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing was used to construct high-density genetic maps. Data for yield and yield components were obtained from 11 environments. QTL analyses were performed based on 11 individual environments, across all environments, within and across mega-environments. Thirty-six unique consistent QTL regions were distributed on 13 chromosomes including 1A, 1B, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3D, 4B, 4D, 6A, 6B, 6D, 7B, and 7D. Ten unique QTL with pleiotropic effects were identified on four chromosomes and eight were in common with the consistent QTL. These QTL increased dry biomass grain yield by 16.3 g m−2, plot yield by 28.1 g m−2, kernels spike−1 by 0.7, spikes m−2 by 14.8, thousand kernel weight by 0.9 g with favorable alleles from either parent. TAM 112 alleles mainly increased spikes m−2 and thousand kernel weight while TMA 111 alleles increased kernels spike−1, harvest index and grain yield. The saturated genetic map and markers linked to significant QTL from this study will be very useful in developing high throughput genotyping markers for tracking the desirable haplotypes of these important yield-related traits in popular parental cultivars.

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Genome wide identification of QTL associated with yield and yield components in two popular wheat cultivars TAM 111 and TAM 112

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0237293 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. e0237293

Author(s):

Yan Yang ◽

Smit Dhakal ◽

Chenggen Chu ◽

Shichen Wang ◽

Qingwu Xue ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Great Plains ◽

Yield Components ◽

Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽

Wheat Breeding ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Genetic Maps ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Thousand Kernel Weight ◽

Yield And Yield Components

Two drought-tolerant wheat cultivars, ‘TAM 111’ and ‘TAM 112’, have been widely grown in the Southern Great Plains of the U.S. and used as parents in many wheat breeding programs worldwide. This study aimed to reveal genetic control of yield and yield components in the two cultivars under both dryland and irrigated conditions. A mapping population containing 124 F5:7 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed from the cross of TAM 112/TAM 111. A set of 5,948 SNPs from the wheat 90K iSelect array and double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing was used to construct high-density genetic maps. Data for yield and yield components were obtained from 11 environments. QTL analyses were performed based on 11 individual environments, across all environments, within and across mega-environments. Thirty-six unique consistent QTL regions were distributed on 13 chromosomes including 1A, 1B, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3D, 4B, 4D, 6A, 6B, 6D, 7B, and 7D. Ten unique QTL with pleiotropic effects were identified on four chromosomes and eight were in common with the consistent QTL. These QTL increased dry biomass grain yield by 16.3 g m-2, plot yield by 28.1 g m-2, kernels spike-1 by 0.7, spikes m-2 by 14.8, thousand kernel weight by 0.9 g with favorable alleles from either parent. TAM 112 alleles mainly increased spikes m-2 and thousand kernel weight while TMA 111 alleles increased kernels spike-1, harvest index and grain yield. The saturated genetic map and markers linked to significant QTL from this study will be very useful in developing high throughput genotyping markers for tracking the desirable haplotypes of these important yield-related traits in popular parental cultivars.

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Detection of molecular markers associated with yield and yield components in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) under saline conditions

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp13287 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 64 (10) ◽

pp. 957 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

S. Dura ◽

M. Duwayri ◽

M. Nachit ◽

F. Al Sheyab

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Yield Components ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Triticum Turgidum ◽

Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽

Wheat Breeding ◽

Phenotypic Data ◽

Yield And Yield Components ◽

Ssr Loci

Durum wheat is one of the most important staple food crops, grown mainly in the Mediterranean region where its productivity is drastically affected by salinity. The objective of this study was to identify markers associated with grain yield and its related traits under saline conditions. A population of 114 F8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was derived by single-seed descent from a cross between Belikh2 (salinity-tolerant variety) and Omrabi5 (less salinity tolerant) was grown under non-saline and saline conditions in a glasshouse. Phenotypic data of the RILs and parental lines were measured for 15 agronomic traits. Association of 96 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci covering all 14 chromosomes with 15 agronomic traits was analysed with a mixed linear model. In total, 49 SSR loci were significantly associated with these traits. Under saline conditions, 12 markers were associated with phenological traits and 19 markers were associated with yield and yield components. Marker alleles from Belikh2 were associated with a positive effect for the majority of markers associated with yield and yield components. Under saline condition, five markers (Xwmc182, Xwmc388, Xwmc398, Xbarc61, and Xwmc177) were closely linked with grain yield, located on chromosomes 2A, 3A, 3B, 4B, 5A, 6B, and 7A. These markers could be used for marker-assisted selection in durum wheat breeding under saline conditions.

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Influence of Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates and Varieties on Growth, Grain Yield and Yield Components of Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter]

MOJ Ecology & Environmental Sciences ◽

10.15406/mojes.2020.05.00196 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Hayelom Berhe ◽

Ashagrie Zewdu ◽

Kebebew Assefa

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Yield Components ◽

Block Design ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Point Of View ◽

Eragrostis Tef ◽

Economic Point ◽

Yield And Yield Components ◽

N Rates ◽

Fertilizer Rates

A field experiment was conducted to assess the influence of N fertilizer rates on growth, grain yield and yield components of Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter], in 2017 main cropping season. Three tef varieties (Kora, Boset and Asgori) and five Nitrogen rates (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120kg N ha-1) were used in Randomize Completed Block Design with three replications with the same dose of Triple Super Phosphate. The total and productive tiller number were highly (P<0.01) significantly affected by varieties. The control plot had maximum days to heading and this may be due to nitrogen fixation may exist and its availability may be deficient in the soil. The less response to the N rate may be due to variability of fertility or soil N content, and genetically difference between varieties. From means of varieties, the early flowerings of Boset and Asgori varieties were 101.4 and 103.79 days to maturity, respectively, but Kora (108.9 days) was late matured. Kora had maximum plant height (135.9cm) and panicle length (56.07cm) followed by Boset (115.1cm) and (42.49cm) respectively. The lodging index was affected by N rates and Kernel weight was highly significantly (P<0.01) affected only by varieties. The highest mean of thousand kernel weight (0.3387) was noted from Asgori variety. The grain yield was decreased with N rates and a better grain yield was obtained at 60-90kg N ha-1. Overall N rates indicated that, both Kora (1800) and Boset (1883) had a better grain yield in kg ha-1, but Asgori had lowest grain yield (1560kg ha-1). Based on the economic point of view, it would be more profitable to use 60kg N ha-1 N rates.

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Evaluation of chemical desiccation as a selection technique for drought resistance in a dryland wheat breeding program

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9931683 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 44 (8) ◽

pp. 1683 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

KL Regan ◽

BR Whan ◽

NC Turner

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Drought Resistance ◽

Variance Component ◽

Wheat Breeding ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Breeding Program ◽

Thousand Kernel Weight ◽

Wheat Breeding Program ◽

Coefficients Of Variation ◽

Variance Component Estimates

Previous studies have shown that some chemical desiccants and senescing agents, when applied to adequately watered cereals 10 to 14 days after anthesis, can be used to select lines with stable grain size (kernel weight) under post-anthesis water deficits. The present study evaluated the potential of one of these chemicals, potassium iodide (KI), to select for this character in a dryland wheat breeding program. Ninety-six F2-derived lines grown in the F6and F7 generations and 11 cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestzvum L.) were grown in two experiments at two medium-rainfall sites in 1988 and 1989 and sprayed with a 0.3% solution of KI when the grains had developed one-third in the lemma. Reductions in grain yield and thousand kernel weight due to treatment with KI were greater in 1988 than in 1989, probably due to the higher growing-season rainfall in that year. The reduction in grain yield as a result of desiccation was greater than the reduction in thousand kernel weight, but the correlation between the two was low (0.09 to 0.58) and non-significant in five out of the eight comparisons. There were considerable differences among genotypes in response to the desiccation treatment in the wetter 1988. Genetic coefficients of variation ranged from 5.6 to 12.9% for yield and 2.5 to 9.5% for thousand kernel weight. The ratio of the variance component estimates for the interaction between genotypes and desiccation treatment to the variance component estimates for genotypes was generally less than one. However, genetic differences in response to the desiccation treatment could be demonstrated in some experiments, particularly at one site and in the wetter of the two years. We conclude that the chemical desiccation technique can be used to select for post-anthesis drought resistance in a dryland breeding program. However, there are some limitations to the technique, and selection needs to be confined to wetter sites and seasons.

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GENOTYPIC AND PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY, HERITABILITY AND PHENOTYPIC CORRELATION FOR YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN BREAD WHEAT VARIETIES

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.49.2001.3.4 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 237-242 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

K. Z. Korkut ◽

I. BAŞER ◽

O. Bilgin

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Yield Components ◽

Phenotypic Variability ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Phenotypic Correlation ◽

Genotypic Variability ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Yield And Yield Components

This research was conducted to determine the effect of genetic and phenotypic variability on the yield and yield components of some bread wheat varieties over a period of four years (1995–1998). Experiments were established according to a completely randomised block design with three replicates in the Experimental Field of Tekirda đ Agricultural Faculty, Thrace University. In the present research, genotypic and phenotypic variability, heritability and phenotypic correlation coefficients were estimated for plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of spikes per square metre, thousand kernel weight, test weight and grain yield per hectare. The results of data analyses showed that the highest genotypic variability was obtained for per hectare yield, whereas the highest phenotypic variability values were found for plant height, thousand kernel weight and grain yield. For plant height, thousand grain yield and test weight, the broad sense heritability coefficient was found to be the highest, while it was low for spike length, number of spikelets per spike and number of Key words: bread wheat, genotypic variability, phenotypic variability, heritability coefficient, phenotypic correlation, grain yield

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Reaction of wheat genotypes to soil aluminum differential saturations

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology ◽

10.1590/s1516-89132003000100004 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 19-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Antonio Costa ◽

Luís Alberto Cogrossi Campos ◽

Carlos Roberto Riede

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Yield Components ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Dolomitic Lime ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Soil Aluminum ◽

Yield And Yield Components ◽

Aluminum Saturation ◽

Red Latosol

Ten wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes were evaluated in microplots with aluminum saturation of 0, 15, 30 and 45%, during 1994, in Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. The soil was a Distrofic Red Latosol (Typic Haplorthox), with 65% saturation of aluminum, amended with dolomitic lime. Variables evaluated included grain yield and yield components: ears.m-2, grains.ear-1 and the weight of 1000 grains. Genotypes differed in yield and yield components. Increasing aluminum saturation decreased yield, ears.m-2 and grains.ear-1, but did not alter thousand kernel weight. The genotypes reacted differently in relation to the toxic soil aluminum. Anahuac and IAPAR 29 were aluminum sensitive; OCEPAR 16, Trigo BR 18, and Trigo BR 23 were moderately sensitive; IAPAR 6, IAPAR 53, and IAPAR 60 were moderately tolerant; while IAC 5-Maringá and Trigo BR 35 were tolerant.

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Changes in Yield and Yield Components of Wheat Cultivars under Water Stress Condition

International Journal of Life Sciences ◽

10.3126/ijls.v9i5.12707 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 103-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amin Farnia ◽

Amin Tork

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Yield Components ◽

Block Design ◽

Irrigation Treatment ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Water Stress Condition ◽

Yield And Yield Components

A field experiment was laid out in order to evaluation of effects water stress on yield and yield components of wheat cultivars in Lorestan province in Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd branch, Iran at 2014. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design based on randomized block design with three replications. Treatments were irrigation in five levels such as 1: four period irrigation after anthesis, 2: three period irrigation after anthesis, 3: two period irrigation after anthesis, 4: one period irrigation after anthesis and 5: control in main plots and three wheat cultivars (Shiraz, Pishtaz and Bahar) in sub plots. The results showed that, the effect of water stress, cultivar and interaction between them on all parameters were significant at 1% level. The height of Pishtaz cultivar was taller than other cultivars. The Pishtaz cultivar with one period irrigation after anthesis had the highest number of spike per square and Bahar cultivar with one period irrigation after anthesis had the lowest number of spike per square. However, 1000- grainwas decreased in water deficit treatment. However, the Pishtaz cultivar with four period irrigation had the highest plant dry weight and grain yield and Bahar cultivar non irrigation treatment after anthesis had the lowest plant dry weight and Shiraz cultivar in non-irrigation treatment had the lowest grain yield. The results showed that yield and yield components of common wheat decreased with increasing of water deficit and for increasing in grain yield of wheat complete irrigation are needed. However, Pishtaz cultivar had a highest grain yield and dry matter production. Then we can increase grain yield and production of wheat with cultivation of Pishtaz cultivar and avoid of water stress.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i5.12707

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QTL mapping for plant height and yield components in common wheat under water-limited and full irrigation environments

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp14236 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 66 (7) ◽

pp. 660 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Xingmao Li ◽

Xianchun Xia ◽

Yonggui Xiao ◽

Zhonghu He ◽

Desen Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Yield Components ◽

Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽

Interval Mapping ◽

Wheat Breeding ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Full Irrigation ◽

Inclusive Composite Interval Mapping ◽

Cropping Seasons ◽

Simple Sequence

Plant height (PH) and yield components are important traits for yield improvement in wheat breeding. In this study, 207 F2:4 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross Jingdong 8/Aikang 58 were investigated under limited and full irrigation environments at Beijing and Gaoyi, Hebei province, during the 2011–12 and 2012–13 cropping seasons. The RILs were genotyped with 149 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for PH and yield components were analysed by inclusive composite interval mapping. All traits in the experiment showed significant genetic variation and interaction with environments. The range of broad-sense heritabilities of PH, 1000-kernel weight (TKW), number of kernels per spike (KNS), number of spikes per m2 (NS), and grain yield (GY) were 0.97–0.97, 0.87–0.89, 0.59–0.61, 0.58–0.68, and 0.23–0.48. The numbers of QTLs detected for PH, TKW, KNS, NS, and GY were 3, 10, 8, 7 and 9, respectively, across all eight environments. PH QTLs on chromosomes 4D and 6A, explaining 61.3–80.2% of the phenotypic variation, were stably expressed in all environments. QPH.caas-4D is assumed to be the Rht-D1b locus, whereas QPH.caas-6A is likely to be a newly discovered gene. The allele from Aikang 58 at QPH.caas-4D reduced PH by 11.5–18.2% and TKW by 2.6–3.8%; however, KNS increased (1.2–3.7%) as did NS (2.8–4.1%). The QPH.caas-6A allele from Aikang 58 reduced PH by 8.0–11.5% and TKW by 6.9–8.5%, whereas KNS increased by 1.2–3.6% and NS by 0.9–4.5%. Genotypes carrying both QPH.caas-4D and QPH.caas-6A alleles from Aikang 58 showed reduced PH by 28.6–30.6%, simultaneously reducing TKW (13.8–15.2%) and increasing KNS (3.4–4.9%) and NS (6.5–10%). QTKW.caas-4B and QTKW.caas-5B.1 were stably detected and significantly associated with either KNS or NS. Major KNS QTLs QKNS.caas-4B and QKNS.caas-5B.1 and the GY QTL QGY.caas-3B.2 were detected only in water-limited environments. The major TKW QTKW.caas-6D had no significant effect on either KNS or NS and it could have potential for improving yield.

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Nitrogen management alternatives using Azospirillum brasilense in wheat

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2019.v54.00276 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Janete Denardi Munareto ◽

Thomas Newton Martin ◽

Glauber Monçon Fipke ◽

Vinícius dos Santos Cunha ◽

Guilherme Bergeijer da Rosa

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Yield Components ◽

Azospirillum Brasilense ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Nitrogen Management ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Yield And Yield Components ◽

Management Alternatives

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate nitrogen management alternatives using Azospirillum brasilense inoculation in wheat (Triticum aestivum) by seed and foliar applications. Treatments consisted of the inoculation or not of A. brasilense, via seed and leaves, associated with topdressing with 0, 70, and 140 kg ha-1 nitrogen. Three wheat cultivars were tested: BRS Parrudo, TBIO Quartzo, and TBIO Sinuelo. The experimental design was a randomized complete block, with three replicates. The following traits were evaluated: number of emerged plants, tillers, spikelets per ear, grains per ear, and grains per spikelet; 1,000-grain mass; hectoliter mass; and grain yield. The foliar management of A. brasilense showed a better association with the TBIO Sinuelo cultivar. The foliar application of A. brasilense, whether alone or combined with seed treatment, increases the grain yield and yield components of the evaluated cultivars.

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