scholarly journals Sugar-sweetened beverage and sugar intake during adolescence and risk of colorectal cancer precursors: a large prospective U.S. cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee-Kyung Joh ◽  
Dong Hoon Lee ◽  
Jinhee Hur ◽  
Katharina Nimptsch ◽  
Yoosoo Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Colorectal Neoplasia ◽  
List Type ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Serrated Lesions ◽  
Cancer Precursors

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVETo examine the associations of adolescent sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) and sugar intake with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) precursors.DESIGNProspective cohort study.SETTINGNurses’ Health Study II (1998-2015), United States.PARTICIPANTS33106 women who completed a validated high school food frequency questionnaire about adolescent diet in 1998 and underwent lower gastrointestinal endoscopy between 1999 and 2015.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURESIncident CRC precursors confirmed by medical record review.RESULTSDuring follow-up, 2909 conventional adenoma, 1082 high-risk adenoma (≥1 cm in size, villous, high-grade dysplasia, or number ≥2), and 2355 serrated lesions were identified. Independent of adult intake, adolescent SSB and sugar intake was positively associated with risk of total and high-risk adenoma. Comparing ≥2 servings/day v <1 serving/week of SSB intake, multivariable odds ratios were 1.21 (95% confidence interval 1.00 to 1.47) for total and 1.21 (0.88 to 1.65) for high-risk adenoma. Per each 5% increment in calorie/day of total fructose intake, odds ratios were 1.17 (1.05 to 1.31) for total and 1.36 (1.14 to 1.62) for high-risk adenoma. By subsite, odds ratios were 1.25 (0.99 to 1.58) for proximal, 1.44 (1.12 to 1.84) for distal, and 1.74 (1.19 to 2.54) for rectal high-risk adenoma. Positive associations were stronger among women with low adolescent fruit, vegetable, or fiber intake. Among women with low fruit intake (<1.3 servings/day), odds ratios of total adenoma were 1.33 (1.11 to 1.59) for SSBs (≥1 serving/day v <1 serving/week) and 1.51 (1.26 to 1.82) for the highest quintile of total fructose (P≤0.024 for interaction). Neither SSB nor sugar intake during adolescence was associated with risk of serrated lesions.CONCLUSIONSIndependent of adult intake, adolescent SSB and sugar intake was positively associated with colorectal adenoma, especially high-risk rectal adenoma. Our findings suggest that adolescence may be a critical developmental period of enhanced susceptibility to high sugar intake, possibly promoting precancerous lesions of CRC arising through the adenoma-carcinoma sequence.What is already known on this topic-Relatively few studies have examined the association between sugar intake and colorectal neoplasia, and most prospective studies have reported null associations.-Considering the long process of colorectal carcinogenesis and recent upward trends in early-onset colorectal cancer, early-life diet may be etiologically relevant.-However, data on the relationship between high sugar intake during early-life and risk of colorectal neoplasia are lacking.What this study adds-Higher intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and sugars during adolescence was significantly associated with increased risk of total and high-risk adenoma, especially high-risk rectal adenoma, but not serrated lesions.-Positive associations were stronger among women with low fruit, vegetable, or fiber intake during adolescence.-Our results suggest that limiting sugar intake and replacing SSBs with healthy alternatives during early-life may help to reduce risk of colorectal cancer precursors.

Risk of Colorectal Cancer After Detection and Removal of Adenomas at Colonoscopy: Population-Based Case-Control Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (24) ◽  
pp. 2969-2976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermann Brenner ◽  
Jenny Chang-Claude ◽  
Alexander Rickert ◽  
Christoph M. Seiler ◽  
Michael Hoffmeister
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Large Bowel ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Control Study

Purpose Empirical evidence for recommendations of surveillance intervals after detection and removal of adenomas at colonoscopy is still sparse and mostly based on observations of adenoma recurrence. We aimed to assess risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) according to time since polypectomy and factors that might be relevant for risk stratification. Methods In a population-based case-control study conducted in Germany, detailed history and results of previous large-bowel endoscopies were obtained by interview and from medical records. Risk of CRC among participants with detection of at least one adenoma at a preceding colonoscopy compared with participants without previous large-bowel endoscopy was assessed according to time since polypectomy among 2,582 cases with CRC and 1,798 matched controls. Results Adjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) of CRC for participants with polypectomy less than 3, 3 to 5, and 6 to 10 years ago (using participants without previous endoscopy as reference group) were 0.2 (0.2 to 0.3), 0.4 (0.3 to 0.6), and 0.9 (0.5 to 1.5), respectively. Strong, significant risk reduction within 5 years was consistently seen for women and men, younger and older participants, patients with and without high-risk polyps (three or more polyps, at least one polyp ≥ 1 cm, at least one polyp with villous components), and those with and without polypectomy in the right colon. With adjusted odds ratios of 0.1 (0.1 to 0.2), 0.3 (0.2 to 0.5) and 0.4 (0.2 to 0.8) for patients with polypectomy less than 3, 3 to 5, and 6 to 10 years ago, risk reduction was particularly strong for left-sided CRC. Conclusion Extension of surveillance intervals to 5 years should be considered, even after detection and removal of high-risk polyps.

Prevalence of advanced colorectal neoplasia according to risk categories at screening colonoscopy in a tertiary referral center.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 578-578
Author(s):  
Eduardo Negrete Carballo ◽  
Fidel David Huitzil Melendez
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Colorectal Neoplasia ◽  
Screening Colonoscopy ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia ◽  
Advanced Neoplasm ◽  
Colorectal Screening

578 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world. There is strong evidence that screening for colorectal cancer improves survival in conutries with high incidence. Although Mexico is considered a country with a low incidence of CRC, 4694 potentially preventable deaths occur every year. There is no established CRC screening program in our country, risk stratification of the target populations to be screened may bring potential advantages, making the strategy more cost-effective. The Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening (APCS) score, is a validated risk-stratification tool that helps identify individuals at risk for advanced colorectal neoplasm amongst the asymptomatic population. Methods: We performed a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of database records from 1172 patients who underwent screening colonoscopy betwen january 2013 and november 2014. Results: The prevalence of advanced colorectal neoplasia was 2.9%. Applying the APCS stratification, 91 subjects (7.8%) were in the average risk tier, 849 subjects (72.4%) in the moderate risk tier and 232 (19.8%) subjects in the high risk tier. The prevalence of advanced neoplasia in the average risk, moderate risk and high risk groups was 0%, 2.6% and 5.1%, respectively. The subjects in the high risk tier had 2.21-fold (p = 0.021) increased prevalence of advanced neoplasia than those in the average-moderate tier. Conclusions: The APCS score is a simple risk stratification index for colorectal advanced neoplasm that uses elementary clinical information on age, gender, family history and smoking to stratify the risk of colorectal advanced neoplasm in asymptomatic subjects for priority of colorectal screening.

scholarly journals Yield and Efficiency of FIT Tests Alone vs. In Combination with Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer Screening

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasu Sheel ◽  
Leslie Azzis ◽  
Racehl Hinrichs ◽  
Thomas Imperiale
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Colorectal Neoplasia ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia ◽  
Immunochemical Test ◽  
Advanced Adenomas

Background: Although colonoscopy (CY) may be considered the best screening test for colorectal cancer (CRC), annual fecal immunochemical test (FIT), which quantifies fecal hemoglobin is a viable alternative. Countries and healthcare systems using FIT-based screening may need to prioritize which FIT positive persons requires CY sooner (e.g. within the same fiscal year). We conducted a systematic review of published literature to understand how the yield/positive predictive value (PPV) of FIT could be improved.   Study Design: We performed a search of electronic databases for articles published between 2015 and June 2020. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were independently screened. Included studies fulfilled predetermined criteria and had descriptive and quantitative data extracted. We identified studies comparing the yield of FIT for advanced colorectal neoplasia ([AN], CRC plus advanced adenomas) among FIT positive persons to the yield of AN when FIT is combined with risk factors (age, sex, BMI, etc.). Data were extracted to find yield and efficiency of FIT alone vs FIT plus risk factors among FIT positive persons.   Results: From 623 titles reviewed, 4 studies met inclusion criteria. The objective of the studies was to increase the yield of AN or CRC in FIT positive patients. The number needed to scope (NNS) among FIT positives to detect AN significantly decreased for each study when looking at high risk groups as yield/PPV increased. The yield with FIT alone ranged from 24% to 46% and the NNS from 2.2 to 4.1. With risk factors, yield and NNS among those at high risk were 33.2 % to 75.6% and from 1.3 to 3.0, respectively.  Conclusion and Potential Impact: This systematic review quantifies how risk factors improve the yield for AN in FIT positive persons, which is information required for countries and health care settings with limited resources that need to direct CY resources to FIT positive patients at high risk for AN.  

Incidence of colorectal neoplasia in a high-risk population screened for colorectal cancer: Result of five consecutive mass screening campaigns in a well-defined population.

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e12509-e12509
Author(s):  
Sylvain Manfredi ◽  
jean-Francois Bretagne ◽  
Gerard Durand ◽  
Christine Piette ◽  
Gaud Mallard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Mass Screening ◽  
Colorectal Neoplasia ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Risk Population

Sugar-sweetened beverage, artificially sweetened beverage and sugar intake and colorectal cancer survival

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie S. Zoltick ◽  
Stephanie A. Smith-Warner ◽  
Chen Yuan ◽  
Molin Wang ◽  
Charles S. Fuchs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Survival

scholarly journals Comparison of One versus Two Fecal Immunochemical Tests in the Detection of Colorectal Neoplasia in a Population-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening Program

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Sarvenaz Moosavi ◽  
Robert Enns ◽  
Laura Gentile ◽  
Lovedeep Gondara ◽  
Colleen McGahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Colorectal Neoplasia ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Cancer Screening Program ◽  
Canadian Population

Objective.To determine the positive predictive value (PPV) of two versus one abnormal FIT in the detection of colorectal neoplasia in a Canadian population.Methods.Three communities enrolled in a colorectal cancer (CRC) screening pilot program from 01/2009 to 04/2013 using 2 FITs. Data collected included demographics, colonoscopy, pathology, and FIT results. Participants completed both FITs and had one positive FIT and colonoscopy. PPV of one versus two abnormal FITs was calculated using a weighted-generalized score statistic. A two-sided 5% significance level was used.Results.1576 of 17,031 average-risk participants, 50–75 years old, had a positive FIT. Colonoscopy revealed 58 (3.7%) cancers, 419 (31.6%) high-risk polyps, and 374 (23.7%) low-risk polyps as the most significant lesion. PPV of one versus two positive FITs for cancer, high-risk polyps, and any neoplasia were 1% versus 8%, 20% versus 40%, and 48% versus 67%, respectively (pvalue < 0.0001). When the first FIT was negative, the second positive FIT detected 7 CRCs and 98 high-risk polyps.Conclusions.PPV of two positive FITs is superior to one positive FIT for CRC and high-risk polyps. The added value of the second FIT was 12% of total CRCs and 23% of total high-risk polyps.

scholarly journals Simple sugar and sugar-sweetened beverage intake during adolescence and risk of colorectal cancer precursors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee-Kyung Joh ◽  
Dong Hoon Lee ◽  
Jinhee Hur ◽  
Katharina Nimptsch ◽  
Yoosoo Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Cancer Precursors ◽  
Simple Sugar
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