Determinants of adolescent lung function in Indians: race, nutrition and systemic inflammation

AbstractRationaleWhile determining normal variation of spirometric volumes, the geo-political construct of ‘Indian’ inadequately captures the diverse racial structure and varied lifestyles that exist for 1 in 5 people globally. It is necessary to determine the degree of racial heterogeneity and other underlying factors to know whether lower spirometric volumes of ‘Indians’ is normal or abnormal.ObjectivesTo investigate the differences in spirometric volumes and their associations with overall health parameters, for adolescent children and young adults, across geo-ethnic regions within India.MethodsData was analyzed for 2338 healthy subjects aged 9-19 years with acceptable spirometry from SOLID cohort. Associations between lung function and potential determinants (Race, anthropometry, nutrition, family/life history, airway oscillometric parameters and systemic inflammation) were examined by using multiple regression. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was performed for 903 subjects to uncover hidden sub-phenotypes.ResultsFEV1 and FVC varied significantly between Indian genetic ancestries, being highest in Tibeto-Burmans and lowest in Dravidians. After statistical adjustments, FEV1 and FVC were positively correlated with waist-height-ratio, shoulder-height-ratio, normalized BMI, and blood hemoglobin. Lower FVC was associated with lower expiratory flows (PEF and FEF25-75), higher lung reactance (X5), higher airway resistance (R10 and R15), gastro-intestinal symptoms, and higher inflammation (IL-8 and IL-17). A sub-phenotype of thinness, higher inflammation (IFN-gamma, IL-17, TNF-alpha, IL-8) and lower FVC was identified on LPA for 35% of the sample.ConclusionsSpirometric volumes in Indians are different between major racial subgroups but may also be abnormally low due to prevalent nutritional or environmental adversity. Care must be taken while establishing normative standards.

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Social and Environmental Neighborhood Typologies and Lung Function in a Low-Income, Urban Population

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16071133 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. 1133 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jamie Humphrey ◽

Megan Lindstrom ◽

Kelsey Barton ◽

Prateek Shrestha ◽

Elizabeth Carlton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Low Income ◽

Social Factors ◽

Latent Profile Analysis ◽

Profile Analysis ◽

Respiratory Health ◽

Property Crime ◽

Environmental Hazards ◽

Ethnic Composition ◽

Front Range

Consensus is growing on the need to investigate the joint impact of neighborhood-level social factors and environmental hazards on respiratory health. This study used latent profile analysis (LPA) to empirically identify distinct neighborhood subtypes according to a clustering of social factors and environmental hazards, and to examine whether those subtypes are associated with lung function. The study included 182 low-income participants who were enrolled in the Colorado Home Energy Efficiency and Respiratory Health (CHEER) study during the years 2015–2017. Distinct neighborhood typologies were identified based on analyses of 632 census tracts in the Denver-Metro and Front Range area of Colorado; neighborhood characteristics used to identify typologies included green space, traffic-related air pollution, violent and property crime, racial/ethnic composition, and socioeconomic status (SES). Generalized estimating equations were used to examine the association between neighborhood typology and lung function. We found four distinct neighborhood typologies and provide evidence that these social and environmental aspects of neighborhoods cluster along lines of advantage/disadvantage. We provide suggestive evidence of a double jeopardy situation where low-income populations living in disadvantaged neighborhoods may have decreased lung function. Using LPA with social and environmental characteristics may help to identify meaningful neighborhood subtypes and inform research on the mechanisms by which neighborhoods influence health.

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Author response for "TNF‐alpha and IL‐1beta sensitize human MSC for IFN‐gamma signalling and enhance neutrophil recruitment"

10.1002/eji.201948336/v3/response1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alexander Hackel ◽

Aleksandra Aksamit ◽

Kirsten Bruderek ◽

Stephan Lang ◽

Sven Brandau

Keyword(s):

Neutrophil Recruitment ◽

Author Response ◽

Tnf Alpha ◽

Ifn Gamma

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Decision letter for "TNF‐alpha and IL‐1beta sensitize human MSC for IFN‐gamma signalling and enhance neutrophil recruitment"

10.1002/eji.201948336/v1/decision1 ◽

2019 ◽

Keyword(s):

Neutrophil Recruitment ◽

Tnf Alpha ◽

Ifn Gamma

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Identifying Suicide Typologies Among Trauma-Exposed Veterans

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000637 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 288-295 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nadia Bounoua ◽

Jasmeet P. Hayes ◽

Naomi Sadeh

Keyword(s):

Latent Profile Analysis ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Profile Analysis ◽

Risky Behaviors ◽

Self Report ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Research Priority ◽

Self Harm ◽

And Behaviors

Abstract. Background: Suicide among veterans has increased in recent years, making the identification of those at greatest risk for self-injurious behavior a high research priority. Aims: We investigated whether affective impulsivity and risky behaviors distinguished typologies of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors in a sample of trauma-exposed veterans. Method: A total of 95 trauma-exposed veterans (ages 21–55; 87% men) completed self-report measures of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors, impulsivity, and clinical symptoms. Results: A latent profile analysis produced three classes that differed in suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI): A low class that reported little to no self-injurious thoughts or behaviors; a self-injurious thoughts (ST) class that endorsed high levels of ideation but no self-harm behaviors; and a self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (STaB) class that reported ideation, suicide attempts and NSSI. Membership in the STaB class was associated with greater affective impulsivity, disinhibition, and distress/arousal than the other two classes. Limitations: Limitations include an overrepresentation of males in our sample, the cross-sectional nature of the data, and reliance on self-report measures. Conclusion: Findings point to affective impulsivity and risky behaviors as important characteristics of veterans who engage in self-injurious behaviors.

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