scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors with mental health outcomes among interns and residents physicians during COVID-19 epidemic in Panama: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward A. Espinosa-Guerra ◽  
Edgar R. Rodríguez-Barría ◽  
Christl A. Donnelly ◽  
Jean-Paul Carrera
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Interns And Residents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Traumatic

AbstractBackgroundA new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 was associated with a newly identified respiratory syndrome, COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, in early December 2019. SARS-CoV-2 rapidly spread across the globe resulting in 117 million cases and 2.59 million deaths by March 2021. Rapidly increased numbers of COVID-19 cases overwhelmed public health systems across the world, imposing increased working hours and workloads for health care workers. Here, we have evaluated the prevalence of health outcomes and associated factors of interns and resident physicians in Panama.MethodsA cross-sectional study was undertaken during July 23, 2020, to August 13, 2020, to evaluate the prevalence of health outcomes and associated factors in interns and residents across Panama. Snowball sampling was used to recruit participants. Then an electronic questionnaire with scales to evaluate anxiety disorders (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9) and post-traumatic stress (IES-R) was evaluated. In addition, socio-demographic variables, clinical history of mental disorders and COVID-19 exposure were evaluated. Independent analyses for each mental health outcome were undertaken using a logistic regression analysis.ResultsA total of 517/1205 (42.9%) interns and residents were nationwide recruited. Of these 274 (53.0%) were interns and 243 (47.0%) residents. The overall prevalence of depression symptoms was 25.3%, 13.7% anxiety and 12.2% post-traumatic stress. At least, 9.3% participants reported having suicidal ideation.The most parsimonious model showed females had a higher prevalence of mental health disorders, in all results and the married participants were more likely to present depression (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.03-2.91; P = 0.039) or at least one alteration to mental health (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.03-2.68; P = 0.039). Resident physicians in surgical specialties were less likely to have post-traumatic stress (OR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.06-0.63; P = 0.006) or at least one mental health disturbance (OR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.26-0.83; P = 0.010). A history of psychological trauma and psychiatric pathology were risk factors for most of the disorders investigated.ConclusionsA high prevalence of mental health disorders was found, showing the need to mitigate this emotional burden among healthcare workers in the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and It’s Associated Factors among Secondary Level Students in Chautara Municipality, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Trima Gurung ◽  
Damaru Prasad Paneru
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Traumatic

Children and adolescents are more prone to developing Post Traumatic Stress Disorders. Objective of this study was to assess the magnitude of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and associated factors among secondary level students in Chautara Municipality, Nepal. A cross sectional study was conducted among 249 secondary level students. Data were collected using population proportionate sampling method along with UCLA PTSD RI with 31 questionnaires DSM V tool was used to assess the PTSD symptom. Questionnaire was design to obtain socio demographic factor and earthquake exposure. Factor associated with PTSD development was assessed through chi square and binary logistic regression. Mean age of respondents was 15.42±1.079 years. Majority of them were middle adolescents (74.3%) and 25.7 percent were early adolescents. More than half of respondents were female 54.6 percent. This study revealed that PTSD was found to be among 27(10.8%) respondents and dissociative subtype PTSD was among 14(5.6%) respondents. Age was significantly associated with development of PTSD. Earthquake exposures like financial constraints after earthquake food deficiency displacement due to earthquake was the major factors associated with PTSD development. Psychological tutorship for PTSD is found to be protective factors for PTSD development in adolescents. PTSD was quite high among the secondary level students after six month of earthquake in Chautara municipality, Sindupalchwok district and psychological tutorship and humanitarian program for traumatized students could prevent development of PTSD. Key words: Post traumatic stress disorder; Associated factors; Earthquake; Secondary levels students

scholarly journals Mental health consequences of COVID-19: a nationally representative cross-sectional study of pandemic-related stressors and anxiety disorders in the USA

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e044125
Author(s):  
Salma M Abdalla ◽  
Catherine K Ettman ◽  
Gregory H Cohen ◽  
Sandro Galea
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Sectional Analysis

ObjectiveTo document the prevalence of anxiety disorders in the USA during the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignA cross-sectional analysis.SettingA nationally representative sample in the USA between 31 March and 13 April 2020.Participants1450 English-speaking adult participants in the AmeriSpeak Panel. AmeriSpeak is a probability-based panel designed to be representative of households in the USA.Main outcome measuresPrevalence of probable generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) using the GAD-7 and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) using the four-item PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder) checklist. Both outcomes were stratified by demographics and COVID-19-related stressors.ResultsThe majority of participants were female (51.8%), non-Hispanic white (62.9%) and reported a household saving of $5000 or more. Those between 18 and 29 years old were the largest age group (38.1%) compared with 40–59 years (32.0%) and 60 years or more (29.9%). The prevalence of probable GAD was 10.9% (95% CI 9.1% to 13.2%) and the prevalence of PTSS was 21.7% (95% CI 19.1% to 24.6%). Among participants reporting five or more COVID-19-related stressors, the prevalence of probable GAD was 20.5% (95% CI 16.1% to 25.8%) and the prevalence of PTSS was 35.7% (95% CI 30.2% to 41.6%). Experiencing five or more COVID-19-related stressors was a predictor of both probable GAD (OR=4.5, 95% CI 2.3 to 8.8) and PTSS (OR=3.3, 95% CI 2.1 to 5.1).ConclusionsThe prevalence of probable anxiety disorders in the USA, as the COVID-19 pandemic and policies implemented to tackle it unfolded, is higher than estimates reported prior to the pandemic and estimates reported following other mass traumatic events. Exposure to COVID-19-related stressors is associated with higher prevalence of both probable GAD and PTSS, highlighting the role these stressors play in increasing the risk of developing anxiety disorders in the USA. Mitigation and recovery policies should take into account the mental health toll the pandemic had on the USA population.

scholarly journals Potential traumatic events in the workplace and depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress: a cross-sectional study among Dutch gynaecologists, paediatricians and orthopaedic surgeons

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e033816
Author(s):  
Karel Willem Frank Scheepstra ◽  
Hannah S Pauw ◽  
Minouk Esmee van Steijn ◽  
Claire A I Stramrood ◽  
Miranda Olff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Orthopaedic Surgeons ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Post Traumatic

ObjectiveTo compare the prevalence of work-related potential traumatic events (PTEs), support protocols and mental health symptoms across Dutch gynaecologists, orthopaedic surgeons and paediatricians.DesignCross-sectional study, supplementary analysis of combined data.SettingNationwide survey between 2014 and 2017.ParticipantsAn online questionnaire was sent to all Dutch gynaecologists, orthopaedic surgeons and paediatricians, including resident physicians (4959 physicians). 1374 questionnaires were eligible for analysis, corresponding with a response rate of 27.7%.Outcome measuresPrimary outcome measures were the prevalence of work-related PTEs, depression, anxiety, psychological distress and traumatic stress, measured with validated screening instruments (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Trauma Screening Questionnaire). Secondary outcomes were the association of mental health and defensive practice to traumatic events and support protocols.ResultsOf the respondents, 20.8% experienced a work-related PTE at least 4 weeks ago. Prevalence rates indicative of depression, anxiety or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were 6.4%, 13.6% and 1.5%, respectively. Depression (9.2% vs 5.2%, p=0.019), anxiety (18.2% vs 8.2%, p<0.001) and psychological distress (22.8% vs 12.5%, p<0.001) were significantly more prevalent in female compared with male attendings. The absence of a support protocol was significantly associated with more probable PTSD (p=0.022). Those who witnessed a PTE, reported more defensive work changes (28.0% vs 20.5%, p=0.007) and those with probable PTSD considered to quit medical work more often (60.0% vs 35.8%, p=0.032).ConclusionPhysicians are frequently exposed to PTEs with high emotional impact over the course of their career. Lacking a support protocol after adverse events was associated with more post-traumatic stress. Adverse events were associated with considering to quit medical practice and a more defensive practice. More awareness must be created for the mental health of physicians as well as for the implementation of a well-organised support system after PTEs.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Among a Cohort of Post-Partum Sri Lankan women: A Cross Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wedisha Imal Gankanda ◽  
I.A.G.M.P Gunathilake ◽  
N.L. Kahawala ◽  
A.K.P. Ranaweera
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Verbal Abuse ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Postpartum Ptsd ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Traumatic

Abstract BackgroundPost-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) usually follows a catastrophic event. However, the experience of child birth can be severe enough to cause PTSD in some women.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in field clinics of a semi-urban area. A pre-tested interviewer administered checklist was used to collect socio-demographic and pregnancy related data. Pre-existing self-administered, validated Sinhalese versions of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and PTSD Symptom Scale-Self Report (PSS-SR) were used to assess the presence of Post-Partum Depression (PPD) and PTSD, respectively. Each participant was assessed at one, two and six months after the delivery for PTSD and PPD. Scores of PPD >9 and PSS-SR >13 were taken as positive for the two conditions, respectively. ResultsData was obtained from 225 women who were at their first month postpartum, for the initial study. The response rate at their follow-up visits at the second and sixth months were 95% (n=214) and 94% (n=211). The point prevalence of postpartum PTSD was recorded as 2.7% (n=6), 0.9% (n=2) and 0.5% (n=1) at their first, second and sixth month postpartum, respectively. A period prevalence of 3.6% was observed over 6 months. Verbal abuse during labour (p=0.04) and the presence of postpartum depression (P≤0.001) were significantly associated with postpartum PTSD. There were no significant associations between PTSD and gestational age at delivery, whether it was a pregnancy planned ahead or not, a history of subfertility, family history of psychiatric disorders, intimate partner violence, receiving antenatal counseling, type and mode of delivery, duration of labour, presence of a labour companion, mental trauma, presence of post-partum hemorrhage, manual removal of placenta, negative birth experience, low APGAR score of the baby at delivery, receiving neonatal and maternal intensive care, birth defects, problems with breast feeding or opportunities to discuss problems with a health care worker. ConclusionsPrevalence of postpartum PTSD in this semi-urban community during the study period was 3.6%; which is in par with the overall global prevalence. PTSD was significantly associated with verbal abuse during labour and postpartum depression.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown Measures on the Mental Health of the General Population in the Gulf Cooperation Council States: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naif Al-Mutawa ◽  
Nourah Al-Mutairi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Gulf Cooperation Council ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gcc Countries ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Restrictive Measures

Background: In the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries (Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, United Arab Emirates, and Oman), as in the rest of the world, the COVID-19 has been spreading since 2019, and it had a significant impact on various aspects of life. The outbreak and the restrictive measures imposed by countries to stop the spread of the virus could harm the mental health condition of the general population. This cross-sectional study aims to assess the impact of the pandemic on mental health and investigate the potential risk factors.Methods: An online survey was collected from individuals in GCC countries from May to October 2020. The final sample included 14,171 participants, 67.3% females and 60.4% younger than 35 years old. The survey consisted of depression, Anxiety, Insomnia, and post-traumatic stress questionnaires. Crude and adjusted Odds ratios are calculated using simple and multivariable logistic regressions to investigate the association between risk factors and mental health issues.Results: Endorsement rates for depression were 11,352 (80.1%), 9,544 (67.3%) for anxiety, 8,845 (63.9%) for insomnia and 9,046 (65.2%) for post-traumatic stress. Being female and younger age were associated with a higher likelihood of developing depression, anxiety, insomnia, and post-traumatic stress. In addition, participants with underlying psychological problems were three times more likely to develop depressive and post-traumatic stress symptoms.Conclusion: According to the findings, women, youth, singles, divorced individuals, and individuals with pre-existing psychological and medical conditions are subject to a higher risk of mental health problems during the pandemic, which policy-makers should consider when imposing restrictive measures.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among a cohort of Srilankan post-partum mothers: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wedisha Imal Gankanda ◽  
Ileperuma Arachchige Gayani Malsha Gunathilake ◽  
Nalaka Lasantha Kahawala ◽  
Augustus Keshala Probhodana Ranaweera
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Postpartum Ptsd ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Traumatic

Abstract Background Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) usually follows a catastrophic event. However, the experience of child birth can be severe enough to cause PTSD in some women. The aim of this study is to highlight the prevalence of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder among a cohort of postpartum mothers. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in field clinics of a semi-urban area in Sri Lanka. A pre-tested interviewer administered checklist was used to collect socio-demographic and pregnancy related data. Pre-existing self-administered, validated Sinhalese versions of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and PTSD Symptom Scale-Self Report (PSS-SR) were used to assess the presence of Post-Partum Depression (PPD) and PTSD, respectively. Each participant was assessed for PTSD and PPD after one, two and six months following delivery. Scores of PPD > 9 and PSS-SR > 13 were taken as screening positive for the two conditions, respectively. Results Two hundred and twenty-five mothers at the end of postpartum one month were recruited for the study. The response rate at their follow-up visits at the second and sixth months were 95 % (n = 214) and 93 % (n = 211). The prevalence of postpartum PTSD was 2.7 % (n = 6), 0.9 % (n = 2) and 0.5 % (n = 1) after one, two and sixth months respectively. Prevalence of postpartum PTSD was 3.6 % over 6 months. Verbal abuse during labour (p = 0.04) and the presence of postpartum depression (P ≤ 0.001) were significantly associated with postpartum PTSD. There were no significant associations between PTSD and gestational age at delivery, index pregnancy being a planned pregnancy, a history of subfertility, family history of psychiatric disorders, intimate partner violence, receiving antenatal counseling, type and mode of delivery, duration of labour, presence of a labour companion, post-partum hemorrhage, manual removal of placenta, negative birth experience, low APGAR score of the baby at delivery, receiving neonatal and maternal intensive care, birth defects, problems with breast feeding or opportunity to discuss with a health care worker. Conclusions Prevalence of postpartum PTSD in this community-based study is 3.6 %; which is comparable with the overall global prevalence. PTSD was significantly associated with verbal abuse during labour and postpartum depression.

scholarly journals Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder and associated factors among Koshe landslide survivors, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a community-based, cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e028550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sintayehu Asnakew ◽  
Shegaye Shumet ◽  
Worknesh Ginbare ◽  
Getasew Legas ◽  
Kalkidan Haile
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Traumatic

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and associated factors among the survivors of Koshe landslide, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2018.DesignCommunity-based cross-sectional design.SettingKoshe landslide, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.ParticipantsWe recruited 830 participants for interviews using the simple random sampling technique.MeasurementWe collected data by face-to-face interviews. The civilian version of the PTSD checklist was used to measure the symptoms of the disorder. The Perceived Stress Scale and the Oslo-3 social support instruments were used to assess the factors. Coded variables were entered into Epi data V.4.2 and exported to SPSS V.24 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions with OR and 95% CI were employed.ResultA total of 830 participants were interviewed, with a response rate of 98.2%. The prevalence of PTSD was 37.3% with 95% CI 34.1 to 40.8. In the multivariate logistic regression, female sex (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=1.74, 95% CI 1.21 to 2.50), divorce (AOR=2.08, 95% CI 1.26 to 3.43), sustained physical injury (AOR=8.28, 95% CI 5.04 to 13.61), history of mental illness (AOR=5.55, 95% CI 2.30 to 13.36), family history of mental illness (AOR=2.82, 95% CI 1.48 to 5.37), poor social support (AOR=3.64, 95% CI 1.99 to 6.69) and high perceived stress (AOR=3.08, 95% CI 1.43 to 6.64) were associated with PTSD.Conclusion and recommendationsThe prevalence of PTSD among the survivors of Koshe landslide was high. We recommend that an early PTSD-focused regular screening be carried out by trained health professionals; linkage with mental health service providers also needs to be considered.

scholarly journals Positive Links Between Exposure to Police Violence, PTSD, and Depression Symptoms Among Yellow Vests Protesters in France

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052093586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif Çelebi ◽  
Jais Adam-Troian ◽  
Yara Mahfud
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Police Violence ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic

Police violence during protests occurs worldwide with varying levels ranging from physical abuse to lethal use of force. Although prior research has investigated the health consequences of exposure to police violence (EPV), EPV’s relationship with protesters’ mental health has not yet been examined. Therefore, we designed a cross-sectional study which included measures of self-reported EPV, depression, and post-traumatic stress symptoms. The computerized survey was disseminated among a large sample of Yellow Vests protesters in France ( N = 523; average protest attendance = 18). Overall, 49% of protesters displayed severe symptoms of depression and 15.5% met the criteria for provisory post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnoses. Subsequent analyses revealed, as expected, positive associations between EPV, depression, and post-traumatic stress symptoms in our sample (.30 < d < .63). These were robust to adjustment on several potential confounds (e.g., physical injuries, demographics, political extremism) and similar when analyzing provisory diagnoses rates (1.65 < OR < 3.02). This study is the first to assess potentially detrimental effects of EPV on mental health during protests. Furthermore, prevalence rates for both provisory depression and PTSD diagnoses were comparable with those found among war-refugee populations. We call for further research on EPV among various protester samples and use longitudinal designs to investigate a potent risk factor for mental health issues among civilian populations.

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