scholarly journals Assessment of dependency and consumption pattern of different forest products by the forest fringe villages of Shivalik Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiju J S ◽  
Soumya Dasgupta ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Mohit Gera
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Forest Fringe

Forest are essential for human beings for the enormous services it gives for livelihood and subsistence in the developing countries. We estimated the consumption and extraction levels of three major forest products viz., timber, fuelwood, and fodder in 20 forest fringe villages of the Timli forest range of Uttarakhand, India. We used a questionnaire-based household-level survey to collect information on the household economy and dependence of 380 households selected through stratified random sampling. We estimated that 69% of the overall yearly timber consumption of 20 villages, which comes around 2750 cubic meters (cum), was extracted from the nearby forest. The average timber consumption was 0.52 cum household-1 year-1. We estimated the total annual fuelwood and fodder consumption to be 298913.89, and 204475 Quintal (Qt). The average fuelwood and fodder consumption were estimated to be 417.6 Quintal household-1 year-1 and 49 Qt. household-1 year-1. We did general linear regression analysis to assess major biophysical and socio-economic determinants of villages and households for dependency on timber, fuelwood, and fodder. We found that the population of the village, distance from forest, distance from market, and annual average income are the major determining factors for timber, fodder, and fuelwood demand of the villages. Extraction of timber and non-timber forest products was the primary cause of depletion of forest biomass and forest carbon emission. Conservation effective management strategies in collaboration with all the stakeholder departments are needed to conserve forest resources with minimum extraction pressure from forest fringe villages of the study area.

Utilisation ethnobotanique de Garcinia lucida, Scorodophloeus zenkeri et Alstonia boonei dans la localité de Ngovayang I (Sud Cameroun)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Kinjouo Ghislain Kenguem ◽  
Victor François Nguetsop ◽  
Solefack Marie Caroline Momo
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Les forêts d’Afrique centrale contiennent plusieurs produits d’origine animale et végétale. Les produits d’origine végétale peuvent se distinguer en produits forestiers ligneux et non ligneux. Le présent travail de recherche porte sur l’importance et la gestion durable de quelques Produits Forestiers Non Ligneux (PFNL), notamment l’écorce de trois arbres (Garcinia lucida, Scorodophloeus zenkeri, Alstonia boonei) dans la localité de Ngovayang I. À l’aide d’un questionnaire semi-structuré, les caractéristiques du secteur des PFNL, les stratégies de gestion, ainsi que l’impact de la valorisation des PFNL ont été déterminés. Il ressort des enquêtes que les écorces de ces trois espèces sont connues et utilisées à des fins diverses telles que la consommation, l’automédication et la vente. L’initiation à l’utilisation de l’écorce de ces espèces est liée au sexe et est également fonction de l’âge des enquêtés. Leurs écorces sont approvisionnées sur le marché et vendues en majorité par les hommes. G. lucida et S. zenkeri sont utilisées à des fins nutritionnelles, médicinales et lucratives, tandis qu’Alstonia boonei est utilisée exclusivement à des fins médicinales. Pour des personnes plus jeunes, d’une tranche d’âge comprise entre 15 et 35 ans, l’exploitation de l’écorce de ces trois espèces n’a aucun impact néfaste sur la disponibilité des ressources forestières. S’agissant des personnes âgées de 35 à 65 ans, l’exploitation non contrôlée et l’écorçage anarchique de G. lucida et de S. zenkeri peuvent entrainer leur pénurie et même leur disparition dans cette région. Toutefois, la récolte échelonnée de l’écorce de G. lucida, S. zenkeri et A. boonei est utilisée comme stratégie de gestion de l’écorce de ces arbres dans cette localité.   Central African forests are teemed with several goods of animal and plant origin. Goods of plant origin are forest products and non-timber forest products. This research work focused on the identification and importance of some non-timber forest products (NTFPs), especially the bark of tree species (Garcinia lucida, Scorodophloeus zenkeri and Alstonia boonei) in the locality of Ngovayang I. Using a semi-structured questionnaire, the characteristics of the NTFP sector, management strategies, and the impact of NTFP exploitation were determined in Ngovayang I. Surveys show that the bark of these three species is well known and used for various purposes such as consumption, self-medication and sale. The initiation of the use of the bark of these species is linked to sex and also depends on the age of the respondents. Their bark is supplied on the market and sold mostly by men. G. lucida and S. zenkeri are used for food, medicinal and profit-making purposes, while A. boonei is used exclusively for medicinal purposes. For younger people, aged between 15 and 35 years old, the exploitation of the bark of these three species has no negative impact on forest resources. For old people (35 to 65 years), the uncontrolled exploitation and uncontrolled debarking of G. lucida and S. zenkeri can lead to the shortage and even extinction of these two tree species in the region. However, the planned harvest of the bark of Garcinia lucida, Scorodophloeus zenkeri and Alstonia boonei is used as strategy of management of the bark of these trees in this locality.

scholarly journals Integral economics and the exploration of indigenous knowledge

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-105
Author(s):  
Somnath Ghosal
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Fringe Communities ◽  
Economically Deprived ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Ecological Concern ◽  
Value Added Products ◽  
Forest Fringe

The ever-increasing pressures on tropical forests due to the increasing population of socio-economically deprived communities dwelling in forest fringe areas are not only a matter of ecological concern, but also affect the sustainable livelihoods of these communities. Alternative sources of income are urgently needed for these communities. Forest is the principal natural resource for the Purulia, Bankura and West Midnapur districts of West Bengal, India. More sustainable harvesting of forest products, particularly Non-Timber Forest Products(NTFPs) and the production of value added products would therefore be the best possible way to improve the existing economic conditions of deprived forest fringe communities and save native forest biodiversity for the future.

scholarly journals Utilization and Conservation Of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: A Case Study from Mwdr, Nepal

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Kabi Prasad Pokhrel
Keyword(s):  
Common Property ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
Policy Environments ◽  
Western Development ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Integrated Conservation

Mid Western Development Region (MWDR), a part of Nepali Himalayas, the globally significant and biologically diverse ecosystems, is remarkably rich in medicinal and aromatic plants, and other non-timber forest products (NTFPs). Government recorded data shows that about 700 species of herbal shrubs and NTFPs are found in the region and they are very important natural resources for human beings and for environmental balance. However, these vital and life supporting plants are in threats from deforestation, degradation, overuse and misuse. Unsustainable harvesting, improper storing, unfair trading, common property mismanagement, and policy environments have combined caused such valuable plants to vanish rapidly. The present paper based on empirical evidences points out that without people's participation in resource development, conservation and management it is difficult to enhance the production of locally available resources on one hand, and not possible to reduce the rate of poverty and environmental deterioration on the other. Moreover, the findings of the study emphasize on the need of integrated conservation and development activities through watershed management in order to promote the sustainable livelihoods of people in the region.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PROFIL RESORT CAGAR ALAM DOLOK SIBUAL-BUALI SEBAGAI PENENTU STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN KAWASAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wienda Lestari Br. Gurusinga ◽  
Siti Latifah ◽  
Siti Noor Chasanatun
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
The North ◽  
Vegetation Disturbance ◽  
Biodiversity Preservation ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Resources Conservation

Dolok Sibual Buali Nature Reserve with area’s large + 5000 hectares is one of the five resort models resort based management scope Hall of the North Sumatera’s Natural Resources Conservation. Before implement resort based management, must be known the resort profile. This research aims to known the resort profile of Dolok Sibual Buali Nature Reserve based the cover of vegetation and disturbance area by human activity. This research was conducted in the Nature Reserve Dolok Sibual Buali South Tapanuli on May-June 2013. The methods of data collection are observation and interviews. The data analysis consist of maps analysis and interview results analysis. The cover of vegetation in Dolok Sibual Buali Nature Reserve included safe category  with the secondary forest area’s large 4624.84 hectares or about 92.26 % of the total area. The other cover of vegetation are mixed farms, dry land farms, shrubs and rice fields. The form of disturbance area that comes from villages around the area are illegal logging, land conversion, wildlife hunting, theft of non-timber forest products and ecotourism. The conflicts that often occur between communities and area manager are conflicts about area boundaries. Communities also felt anxious caused the wildlife damaged their gardens. The management strategies that should be done are improved the area security and optimization the function of biodiversity preservation by apply the resort based management. Keywords: Cover of vegetation, disturbance area, Dolok Sibual Buali nature reserve, resort based management, resort profile

CONHECIMENTO DE ARTESÃOS SOBRE AS PLANTAS UTILIZADAS NA PRODUÇÃO DE ARTEFATOS - RESERVA DE DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL AMANÃ - AM

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Menegassi Leoni ◽  
Thatyana De Souza Marques
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Hardwood Species ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Handicraft Production

The characterization of the different traditional knowledge held by riverine communities to manage natural resources is important to better subsidize appropriate species management strategies. This study sought to: i) describe aspects of family organization and the handicraft production of two resident artisan families of Amanã lake; ii) identify their areas of resource exploitation and verify the strategies for collecting non-timber forest products to produce artifacts; and finally iii) identify the plant species involved through botanical identification. To better assess the traditional knowledge we applied the participant observation technique through visiting and staying at the studied families homes. Our results show that the production of artifacts for sale is a family labor work. The main important species used by both families are: Philodendron fragrantissimum (“cipó-ambé” – a hemiepiphyte) for the production of paneiros (a basket used for carrying manioc); she uses Ischnosiphon arouma (“arumã duro” – another hemiepiphyte) for the production of sieves; and he uses Mezilaurus itauba (a hardwood species) for the production of paddles and cleaver handles.

Non-timber forest product importance for rural household well-being in four coastal communities in Oaxaca, Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-407
Author(s):  
H.C. Zamora-Maldonado ◽  
V.S. Avila-Foucat
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rural Household ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Diversification Strategy ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
High Degree

Rural household livelihoods usually depend on the use of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) as a strategy for income diversification and survival. Thus, this research seeks to determine the role played by NTFPs at the household level. A survey was conducted with 212 households in four localities with a high degree of marginalization, located on the South Pacific coast of Mexico in Oaxaca State. The results show that, firstly, NTFPs are used by all households, even the wealthiest families, and that the most important products used are fuelwood and medicinal plants. Secondly, the findings indicate that the collection and self-consumption of fuelwood and medicinal plants by households with lower incomes generate savings of at least 20% of their total annual gross income. Thirdly, for the majority of the surveyed households (90%), NTFPs are perceived as important for their well-being. This could be due to traditional or cultural attachment to ancestral practices, such as the use of fuelwood for cooking traditional food and the collection of medicinal plants. Finally, NTFP use is a livelihood diversification strategy and promotes the objective and subjective well-being of rural households. Social and environmental policies need to consider the potential of NTFPs for poverty alleviation and rural development through sustainable use and coordinated actions.

scholarly journals Livelihood gains and ecological costs of non-timber forest product dependence: assessing the roles of dependence, ecological knowledge and market structure in three contrasting human and ecological settings in south India

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. UMA SHAANKER ◽  
K.N. GANESHAIAH ◽  
SMITHA KRISHNAN ◽  
R. RAMYA ◽  
C. MEERA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South India ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Indigenous Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Fringe Communities ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Ecological Cost ◽  
Forest Fringe

Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) constitute the single largest determinant of livelihoods for scores of forest fringe communities and poor people in the tropics. In India over 50 million people are believed to be directly dependent upon NTFPs for their subsistence. However, such human dependence on NTFPs for livelihood gains (win) has most frequently been at a certain ecological cost (lose). If livelihoods are to be maintained, the existing ‘win-lose’ settings have to be steered to a ‘win-win’ mode, otherwise, there could be severe erosion of the biological resources and loss of livelihoods (‘lose-lose’). Examining the dependence of forest fringe communities on NTFPs at three sites in south India with contrasting human and ecological settings, three key factors (extent of dependence on NTFPs, indigenous ecological knowledge and market organization) are likely to constrain reaching the win-win situation. How these factors shape the ecological cost of harvesting NTFPs at the three sites is examined. Within the parameter space of these factors, it is possible to predict outcomes and associations that will conform to win-win or win-lose situations. Empirical data derived from the three study sites demonstrate the causality of the observed associations. The key for long-term livelihood gains lies in reducing the ecological cost. Certain interventions and recommendations that could optimize the balance between livelihood gains and ecological cost are proposed.

scholarly journals Non-Timber Forest Products and the Cosmetic Industry: An Econometric Assessment of Contributions to Income in the Brazilian Amazon

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 588
Author(s):  
Aghane Antunes ◽  
Cynthia S. Simmons ◽  
Joao Paulo Veiga
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Community Partnerships ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Spatial Error ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Cosmetic Industry ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Spatial Autoregressive

This study explores Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) production and company–community partnerships with the multinational cosmetic industry. The objectives are to critically assess: (1) how income generated from market-oriented NTFPs extraction impacts small farmers’ livelihoods; and (2) whether membership in cooperatives linked to such partnerships is a factor in improved livelihood. Household-level data from 282 surveys conducted in remote communities in four municipalities in the Northeast region of the State of Pará provide empirical insight into NTFPs extraction and processing activities by smallholder farmers in the Brazilian Amazon. We employ a spatial econometric approach to assess if engagement in NTFPs extraction and membership in cooperatives result in statistically significant increases in the overall household income. A series of spatial regression models are used, including Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Spatial Autoregressive Regression (SAR), Spatial Error Model (SEM), Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) and their corresponding alternative Bayesian models. Our study finds that NTFP extraction and membership in cooperatives tied to company–community partnerships are statistically significant and result in increases in total income at the household level. Findings also show that distance to transportation modes and markets are statistically significant with more distant households earning greater income. This finding presents challenges for the long-term sustainability of green alternatives to development that rely on remote, inaccessible environments for the commodities of interest. This is especially pronounced given the commitment of the Amazonian Nations, and the massive national and international investments, in the Initiative for the Integration of Regional Infrastructure in South America (IIRSA), which has as its goal the creation of a multimodal transportation hub to integrate the continent with global markets and make accessible far reaches of the Amazon.

Illegal rattan extraction trends in the Ankasa Conservation Area in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
R. Obour, D. Amankwaa, A. Asare
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
The North ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products

Protected Areas (PAs) are created for the protection and maintenance of biological diversity, but many of Ghana’s PAs are subjectto severe pressures and threats, the main pressures being the illegal extraction of natural resources. Rattans are indisputablyone of the most important Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in Ghana’s Protected Areas that is without doubt one of thereasons for which it has drawn the attention of researchers. In this study the illegal rattan extraction patterns in the AnkasaConservation Area (ACA) in Ghana was inspected. Simple random sampling and Snowball sampling techniques were used. Datacollection employed the use of semi-structured questionnaires, interviews and field enumeration of rattans as well as an analysisof Effective Patrol Man-days (EPMDS) from 2004 to 2012. The results showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.75, p<0.05, r2 = 0.557) between patrol effort and rattan extraction encounters. In addition, there was a general reduction in illegalrattan extraction encounters from 2004 to 2012 at a rate of 4.3 per year. The highest illegal rattan extraction incidences wererecorded in 2006 (76 encounters), 2005 (35 encounters), 2008 (22 encounters), 2004 (18 encounters) and the least incidencewere recorded in both 2010 (3 encounters) and 2011 (3 encounters).The research also revealed that Eremospatha macrocarpawas the most extracted rattan species followed by Laccosperma secundiflorum. The major rattan extraction and trade routesoriginate in the northern parts and in the area east of the reserve and also south of Draw River Forest Reserve. Generally, rattanpoaching in Ankasa Conservation Area has declined, but there are still human incursions in the northern part of the reserve. Thestudy recommended an intensification of patrols in the north of the reserve. Also, enrichment planting and Agroforestry practicesof inter-cropping rattans with seasonal crops should be pursued vigorously for the local communities.

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