scholarly journals Specific bacterial cell wall components influence the stability of Coxsackievirus B3

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeeba H Dhalech ◽  
Tara D Fuller ◽  
Christopher M Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Enteric Virus ◽  
Coxsackievirus B3 ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Cell Wall Components ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Wall Components

Enteric viruses infect the mammalian gastrointestinal tract and lead to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Data indicate that enteric viruses can utilize intestinal bacteria to promote viral replication and pathogenesis. However, the precise interactions between enteric viruses and bacteria are unknown. Here we examined the interaction between bacteria and Coxsackievirus B3, an enteric virus from the picornavirus family. We found that bacteria enhance the infectivity of Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) in vitro. Notably, specific bacteria are required as gram-negative Salmonella enterica, but not Escherichia coli, enhanced CVB3 infectivity and stability. Investigating the cell wall components of both S. enterica and E. coli revealed that structures in the O-antigen or core of lipopolysaccharide, a major component of the gram-negative bacterial cell wall, were required for S. enterica to enhance CVB3. To determine if these requirements were necessary for similar enteric viruses, we investigated if S. enterica and E. coli enhanced infectivity of poliovirus, another enteric virus in the picornavirus family. We found that, in contrast to CVB3, these bacteria enhanced the infectivity of poliovirus in vitro. Overall, these data indicate that distinct bacteria enhance CVB3 infectivity and stability, and specific enteric viruses may have differing requirements for their interactions with specific bacterial species.

scholarly journals Specific bacterial cell wall components influence the stability of Coxsackievirus B3

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeeba H. Dhalech ◽  
Tara D. Fuller ◽  
Christopher M. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Enteric Virus ◽  
Coxsackievirus B3 ◽  
Bacterial Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Wall Components ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Wall Components

Enteric viruses infect the mammalian gastrointestinal tract and lead to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Data indicate that enteric viruses can utilize intestinal bacteria to promote viral replication and pathogenesis. However, the precise interactions between enteric viruses and bacteria are unknown. Here we examined the interaction between bacteria and Coxsackievirus B3, an enteric virus from the picornavirus family. We found that bacteria enhance the infectivity of Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) in vitro . Notably, specific bacteria are required as Gram-negative Salmonella enterica , but not Escherichia coli , enhanced CVB3 infectivity and stability. Investigating the cell wall components of both S. enterica and E. coli revealed that structures in the O-antigen or core of lipopolysaccharide, a major component of the Gram-negative bacterial cell wall, were required for S. enterica to enhance CVB3. To determine if these requirements were necessary for similar enteric viruses, we investigated if S. enterica and E. coli enhanced infectivity of poliovirus, another enteric virus in the picornavirus family. We found that while E. coli did not enhance the infectivity of CVB3, E. coli enhanced poliovirus infectivity. Overall, these data indicate that distinct bacteria enhance CVB3 infectivity and stability, and specific enteric viruses may have differing requirements for their interactions with specific bacterial species. Importance Previous data indicate that several enteric viruses utilize bacteria to promote intestinal infection and viral stability. Here we show that specific bacteria and bacterial cell wall components are required to enhance infectivity and stability of Coxsackievirus B3 in vitro . These requirements are likely enteric virus-specific as the bacteria for CVB3 differs from poliovirus, a closely related virus. Therefore, these data indicate that specific bacteria and their cell wall components dictate the interaction with various enteric viruses in distinct mechanisms.

scholarly journals Effect of Bacterial Cell Wall Components on Callus Growth of Phoenix dactylifera L. cv. Barhee Propagated Through In vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ali H.M. Attaha ◽  
Hussien K. Abdul-Sada ◽  
Muna A.Y. Al-Mussawii
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Bacterial Cell Wall ◽  
Callus Growth ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Cell Wall Components ◽  
Wall Components

This study was conducted on shoot tip explants of date palm cv. Barhee to investigate effect of bacterial cell wall components on initial callus growth. Three concentrations of bacterial media ( 0.5 and 1.0 and 2.5) v/v were used for growing callus by tissue culture technique . MS media was served as a control treatment.Results showed that all bacterial media treatments increased callus fresh weight and nitrogen concentration of media significantly as compared to that of MS control media. Bacterial media treatment of 2.5 (v/v) gave the highest values of callus fresh weight and nitrogen concentration (518 mg and 3.3089%) respectively, whereas MS control media had the lowest values (193 mg and 0.01%) respectively. There was a significant increase in callus fresh weight at 60 days incubation over that of 30 days incubation. The combination of bacterial media treatment at 2.5 (v/v) and incubation period of 60 days recorded the highest significant increase in callus fresh weight (631 mg), whereas the combination of MS control media treatment and incubation period of 30 days had the lowest value (166 mg) in this respect.

scholarly journals Differential Roles of TLR2 and TLR4 in Recognition of Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacterial Cell Wall Components

Immunity ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Takeuchi ◽  
Katsuaki Hoshino ◽  
Taro Kawai ◽  
Hideki Sanjo ◽  
Haruhiko Takada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Bacterial Cell Wall ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Cell Wall Components ◽  
Wall Components

scholarly journals Ibudilast Mitigates Delayed Bone Healing Caused by Lipopolysaccharide by Altering Osteoblast and Osteoclast Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1169
Author(s):  
Yuhan Chang ◽  
Chih-Chien Hu ◽  
Ying-Yu Wu ◽  
Steve W. N. Ueng ◽  
Chih-Hsiang Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Bone Bridge ◽  
Cell Wall Components ◽  
Osteoclast Activity ◽  
Wall Components

Bacterial infection in orthopedic surgery is challenging because cell wall components released after bactericidal treatment can alter osteoblast and osteoclast activity and impair fracture stability. However, the precise effects and mechanisms whereby cell wall components impair bone healing are unclear. In this study, we characterized the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on bone healing and osteoclast and osteoblast activity in vitro and in vivo and evaluated the effects of ibudilast, an antagonist of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), on LPS-induced changes. In particular, micro-computed tomography was used to reconstruct femoral morphology and analyze callus bone content in a femoral defect mouse model. In the sham-treated group, significant bone bridge and cancellous bone formation were observed after surgery, however, LPS treatment delayed bone bridge and cancellous bone formation. LPS inhibited osteogenic factor-induced MC3T3-E1 cell differentiation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, calcium deposition, and osteopontin secretion and increased the activity of osteoclast-associated molecules, including cathepsin K and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in vitro. Finally, ibudilast blocked the LPS-induced inhibition of osteoblast activation and activation of osteoclast in vitro and attenuated LPS-induced delayed callus bone formation in vivo. Our results provide a basis for the development of a novel strategy for the treatment of bone infection.

Design of bio-molecular interfaces using liquid crystals demonstrating endotoxin interactions with bacterial cell wall components

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (81) ◽  
pp. 66476-66486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dibyendu Das ◽  
Sumyra Sidiq ◽  
Santanu Kumar Pal
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Bacterial Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Wall Components ◽  
Bacterial Cell Membrane ◽  
Membrane Components ◽  
Wall Components

Liquid crystals offer a promising approach to study and quantify the interactions between different bacterial cell membrane components with endotoxin at an aqueous interface.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document