scholarly journals Integration of mouse ovary morphogenesis with developmental dynamics of the oviduct, ovarian ligaments, and rete ovarii.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer McKey ◽  
Dilara N Anbarci ◽  
Corey Bunce ◽  
Blanche Capel
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Surface Epithelium ◽  
Dorsal Side ◽  
Tissue Mechanics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Ovary Development ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Suspensory Ligament ◽  
Molecular Aspects ◽  
Functional Investigation

The morphogenetic events that occur during fetal development of the mammalian ovary are crucial to the establishment of adult female fertility. While our knowledge of the cellular and molecular aspects of ovary development is increasing, the structural rearrangements that give rise to the cortex and medulla and the relation of other female reproductive tissues to the ovary have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we used tissue clearing and lightsheet microscopy to investigate the stepwise morphogenesis of the ovary. We found that the ovary transitioned from an elongated to a crescent-shaped structure, suggestive of a folding mechanism. As this occured, the ovarian surface epithelium wrapped from the ventral to the dorsal side of the ovary, forming the ovarian cortex and engulfing the dorsal face of the ovary to form the medulla. To identify the tissue mechanics that drive ovary folding, we investigated proximate tissues closely associated with the ovary including the M&uumlllerian duct, the cranial suspensory ligament, and the rete ovarii. We found that relocation of the M&uumlllerian duct to the ventral aspect of the ovary was associated with expansion of mesonephric tissue that left the ovary fully encapsulated by birth. The cranial suspensory ligament, which tethers the ovary to the body wall and to the M&uumlllerian duct may exert mechanical tension that triggers ovarian folding. Finally, we found that the rete ovarii, a previously dismissed epithelial appendage of the ovary, significantly expanded during late gestation and may act to anchor the ovary to the mesonephros, leading to integration of extrinsic components into the ovarian medulla. This detailed atlas of ovary morphogenesis reveals novel relationships among the ovary and its surrounding tissues and paves the way towards the functional investigation of the relationship between architecture and differentiation of the mammalian ovary.

scholarly journals Telomerase in the ovary

Reproduction ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Ping Liu ◽  
He Li
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Ovarian Surface Epithelium ◽  
Malignant Cell ◽  
Telomerase Activity ◽  
Ovary Development ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Neoplastic Cells

Telomerase, an enzyme complex that binds the chromosome ends (telomeres) and maintains telomere length and integrity, is present in germ cells, proliferative granulosa cells, germline stem cells, and neoplastic cells in the ovary, but it is absent in differentiated or aged cells. Activation of telomerase in the ovary underpins both benign and malignant cell proliferation in several compartments, including the germ cells, membrana granulosa, and the ovarian surface epithelium. The difference in telomerase operation between normal and abnormal cell proliferations may lie in the mechanisms of telomerase activation in a deregulated manner. Recent studies have implicated telomerase activity in ovarian cancer as well as oogenesis and fertility. Inhibition of telomerase and the shortening of telomeres are seen in occult ovarian insufficiency. Studies of how telomerase operates and regulates ovary development may provide insight into the development of both germ cells for ovarian reproductive function and neoplastic cells in ovarian cancer. The current review summarizes the roles of telomerase in the development of oocytes and proliferation of granulosa cells during folliculogenesis and in the process of tumorigenesis. It also describes the regulation of telomerase by estrogen in the ovary.

scholarly journals Induction of Proliferation in the Primate Ovarian Surface Epithelium In Vivo

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 307-308
Author(s):  
Jay W. Wright ◽  
Tanja Pejovic ◽  
John Fanton ◽  
Richard L. Stouffer
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Surface Epithelium ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Ovarian Surface

Efficient introduction of genes into human ovarian surface epithelium

1997 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 665-667
Author(s):  
Earnest H. Leung ◽  
Barry R. Davies ◽  
Peter C. K. Leung ◽  
George T. C. Chen ◽  
Calvin D. Roskelley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Surface Epithelium ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Ovarian Surface

Isolation and Characterization of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Canine Ovarian Surface Epithelium

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajeet Kumar Jha ◽  
Anirban Mandal ◽  
Kalyani Ray ◽  
Shyamal Kanti Guha
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Ovarian Surface Epithelium ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Ovarian Surface ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Background: Few studies have confirmed the presence of ovarian tissue stem cells indicating the capacity for differentiation. Based on this fact, it was hypothesized that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were found in ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) of canines that could easily be isolated. Methods: Both left and right ovaries were minced and digested using collagenase to obtain a stromal vascular fraction (SVF). MSCs were characterized using RT-PCR. To ascertain the trilineage differentiation potential, MSCs were stained with respective stain for osteocytes, chondrocytes and adipocytes. Result: We observed elongated, spindle-shaped and fibroblast like appearance of cells after 72 h of initial culture. Expression of MSC specific surface markers were observed through RT-PCR. Using Stem Pro® differentiation medium, OSE were differentiated into osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages and were found to be potential source for isolation, characterization and differentiation of MSCs. Canine (OSE) is easily accessible, multipotent and has high plasticity, holding promise for applications in regenerative medicine.

Sex chimaerism, fertility and sex determination in the mouse

Development ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.E. Patek ◽  
J.B. Kerr ◽  
R.G. Gosden ◽  
K.W. Jones ◽  
K. Hardy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Ovarian Surface Epithelium ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Coelomic Epithelium

Adult intraspecific mouse chimaeras, derived by introducing male embryonal stem cells into unsexed host blastocysts, were examined to determine whether gonadal sex was correlated with the sex chromosome composition of particular cell lineages. The fertility of XX in equilibrium XY and XY in equilibrium XY male chimaeras was also compared. The distribution of XX and XY cells in 34 XX in equilibrium XY ovaries, testes and ovotestes was determined by in situ hybridisation using a Y-chromosome-specific probe. Both XX and XY cells were found in all gonadal somatic tissues but Sertoli cells were predominantly XY and granulosa cells predominantly XX. The sex chromosome composition of the tunica albuginea and testicular surface epithelium could not, in general, be fully resolved, owing to diminished hybridisation efficiency in these tissues, but the ovarian surface epithelium (which like the testicular surface epithelium derives from the coelomic epithelium) was predominantly XX. These findings show that the claim that Sertoli cells were exclusively XY, on which some previous models of gonadal sex determination were based, was incorrect, and indicate instead that in the mechanism of Sertoli cell determination there is a step in which XX cells can be recruited. However, it remains to be established whether the sex chromosome constitution of the coelomic epithelium lineage plays a causal role in gonadal sex determination. Male chimaeras with XX in equilibrium XY testes were either sterile or less fertile than chimaeras with testes composed entirely of XY cells. This impaired fertility was associated with the loss of XY germ cells in atrophic seminiferous tubules. Since this progressive lesion was correlated with a high proportion of XX Leydig cells, we suggest that XX Leydig cells are functionally defective, and unable to support spermatogenesis.

Spontaneous transformation of the ovarian surface epithelium and the biology of ovarian cancer

1995 ◽  
pp. 145-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Salazar ◽  
A. K. Godwin ◽  
L. A. Getts ◽  
J. R. Testa ◽  
M. Daly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Surface Epithelium ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Spontaneous Transformation ◽  
Ovarian Surface

scholarly journals Ovarian surface epithelium of hypothyroid newborn and neonatal rats: From proliferating cell nuclear antigen and caspase-3 perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-89
Author(s):  
Anita Radovanovic ◽  
Milica Kovacevic-Filipovic ◽  
Ivan Milosevic ◽  
Tijana Luzajic ◽  
Stefan Velickovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Ovarian Surface Epithelium ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Ovarian Surface ◽  
Cell Height ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Proliferating Cell

Introduction. The ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) undergoes intensive regeneration and remodeling after each ovulation during the whole reproductive period. This process increases the risk of one of the most common ovarian tumors in women and the female dog. Considering the fact that maternal hypothyroidism highly impacts cell proliferation and cell death during folliculogenesis in the early neonatal period, we aimed to analyze its effect on OSE morphology and dynamics. Materials and Methods. The study was performed on newborn (24-h-old) and neonatal (4-day-old) female rats, a randomized trial between the control and hypothyroid groups, born under controlled circumstances and hypothyroid mothers, respectively. Their ovaries were analyzed histologically and processed to determine the OSE cell height as an average value of four measurement points. Also, the immunopositivity of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and caspase-3 were assessed semiquantitatively. Results and Conclusions. No major structural differences of OSE were found between groups within the given ages except for a slight increment of OSE cell height and incompleteness of apical cell membrane with cytoplasmic projections in hypothyroid animals. PCNA immunopositivity of the OSE cells was higher in ovaries of hypothyroid animals of both ages in comparison to the controls. Moreover, only scarce OSE cells were caspase-3 positive in both groups and ages, with no difference in immunopositivity. Our study confirms the impact of hypothyroidism in the early postnatal period on morphology and proliferation rate of OSE cells, with no effect on caspase-3 dependent cell removal, which may serve as a premise for future investigation of potential carcinogenesis, in terms of prevention and treatment of ovarian cancer.

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