scholarly journals Tracking the Brain's Intrinsic Connectivity Networks in EEG

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saurabh Bhaskar Shaw ◽  
Margaret C. McKinnon ◽  
Jennifer J Heisz ◽  
Amabilis H. Harrison ◽  
John F. Connolly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Network Dynamics ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Clinical Biomarkers ◽  
Intrinsic Connectivity ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Treatment Responses ◽  
Intrinsic Connectivity Networks

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has identified dysfunctional network dynamics underlying a number of psychopathologies, including post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and schizophrenia. There is tremendous potential for the development of network-based clinical biomarkers to better characterize these disorders. However, to realize this potential requires the ability to track brain networks using a more affordable imaging modality, such as Electroencephalography (EEG). Here we present a novel analysis pipeline capable of tracking brain networks from EEG alone, after training on supervisory signals derived from data simultaneously recorded in EEG and fMRI, while people engaged in various cognitive tasks. EEG-based features were then used to classify three cognitively-relevant brain networks with up to 75\% accuracy. These findings could lead to affordable and non-invasive methods to objectively diagnose brain disorders involving dysfunctional network dynamics, and to track and even predict treatment responses.

scholarly journals A resting-state network comparison of combat-related PTSD with combat-exposed and civilian controls

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 933-945
Author(s):  
Thomas J Vanasse ◽  
Crystal Franklin ◽  
Felipe S Salinas ◽  
Amy E Ramage ◽  
Vince D Calhoun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Intrinsic Connectivity ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Ptsd Symptom Severity ◽  
Intrinsic Connectivity Networks ◽  
Group Independent Component Analysis ◽  
Left Insula

Abstract Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) is an emerging means of understanding the neurobiology of combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, most rsFC studies to date have limited focus to cognitively related intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs), have not applied data-driven methodologies or have disregarded the effect of combat exposure. In this study, we predicted that group independent component analysis (GICA) would reveal group-wise differences in rsFC across 50 active duty service members with PTSD, 28 combat-exposed controls (CEC), and 25 civilian controls without trauma exposure (CC). Intranetwork connectivity differences were identified across 11 ICNs, yet combat-exposed groups were indistinguishable in PTSD vs CEC contrasts. Both PTSD and CEC demonstrated anatomically diffuse differences in the Auditory Vigilance and Sensorimotor networks compared to CC. However, intranetwork connectivity in a subset of three regions was associated with PTSD symptom severity among executive (left insula; ventral anterior cingulate) and right Fronto-Parietal (perigenual cingulate) networks. Furthermore, we found that increased temporal synchronization among visuospatial and sensorimotor networks was associated with worse avoidance symptoms in PTSD. Longitudinal neuroimaging studies in combat-exposed cohorts can further parse PTSD-related, combat stress-related or adaptive rsFC changes ensuing from combat.

scholarly journals Behavioral Interpretations of Intrinsic Connectivity Networks

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 4022-4037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela R. Laird ◽  
P. Mickle Fox ◽  
Simon B. Eickhoff ◽  
Jessica A. Turner ◽  
Kimberly L. Ray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Resting State Networks ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Intrinsic Connectivity ◽  
Mental Operations ◽  
Intrinsic Connectivity Networks ◽  
Insight Into

An increasingly large number of neuroimaging studies have investigated functionally connected networks during rest, providing insight into human brain architecture. Assessment of the functional qualities of resting state networks has been limited by the task-independent state, which results in an inability to relate these networks to specific mental functions. However, it was recently demonstrated that similar brain networks can be extracted from resting state data and data extracted from thousands of task-based neuroimaging experiments archived in the BrainMap database. Here, we present a full functional explication of these intrinsic connectivity networks at a standard low order decomposition using a neuroinformatics approach based on the BrainMap behavioral taxonomy as well as a stratified, data-driven ordering of cognitive processes. Our results serve as a resource for functional interpretations of brain networks in resting state studies and future investigations into mental operations and the tasks that drive them.

scholarly journals Effective psychological treatment for PTSD changes the dynamics of specific large-scale brain networks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Charquero-Ballester ◽  
Birgit Kleim ◽  
Diego Vidaurre ◽  
Christian Ruff ◽  
Eloise Stark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Temporal Precision ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Post Traumatic

AbstractVery little is known about the role of effective cognitive therapy in reversing imbalances in brain activity after trauma. We hypothesised that exaggerated threat perception characteristic of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and subsequent recovery from this disorder, are underpinned by changes in the dynamics of large-scale brain networks. Here, we use a novel data-driven approach with high temporal precision to find recurring brain networks from fMRI data and estimate when these networks become active during exposure to either trauma reminders or neutral pictures. We found that PTSD patients spend less time in two default mode sub-networks in contrast to trauma-exposed healthy controls, and that PTSD symptom severity correlates positively with time spent in the salience network during exposure to trauma reminders. The former are important for different aspects of self-referential processing and the latter for detection of threat. Importantly, the decreased time in the default mode sub-networks is rebalanced after successful cognitive therapy for PTSD. Our results show that remittance of PTSD through trauma-focused cognitive therapy is associated with the successful reinstatement of a healthy balance in self-referential and threat detection brain networks.

scholarly journals Transdiagnostic Alterations in Neural Emotion Regulation Circuits – Neural Substrates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Patients with Depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micha Keller ◽  
Raul Mendoza-Quiñones ◽  
Amaray Cabrera-Muñoz ◽  
Jorge Fuster ◽  
Anette Valdés Virués ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Intrinsic Connectivity ◽  
Negative Images ◽  
Post Traumatic

Abstract Background: Impaired cognitive reappraisal, associated with the social functioning and well-being of patients affected by mood or anxiety disorders, is characterized by distinct neural activation patterns across clinical populations. To date, studies dedicated to identifying common and distinct neural activation profiles need to be clarified. The aim of the present study was to investigate transdiagnostic differences and commonalities in brain activation patterns during reappraisal-mediated downregulation of emotions Methods: Cognitive reappraisal of negative images was contrasted with maintaining emotions during a control viewing condition. Brain activation in 35 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), 20 patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and 34 healthy controls (HC) during cognitive reappraisal was compared. Moreover, the neural circuitry of emotion regulation in these clinical populations was examined using task-based and intrinsic functional connectivity analyses. Results: Whole-brain fMRI analyses showed less right-lateralized activation of the inferior, middle and superior frontal gyrus during cognitive reappraisal compared to viewing of negative images in MDD and PTSD patients compared to HCs. Right IFG activation was negatively correlated with the severity of anxiety and depressive symptomatology. In addition, increased seed-based connectivity of right IFG as well as increased intrinsic connectivity was observed in PTSD patients compared to HCs and MDD patients. Conclusions: FMRI results therefore suggested a common deficit of depression and anxiety symptomatology reflected by reduced activation in right IFG during cognitive reappraisal as well as diagnosis specific effects in patients with PTSD based on seed-based and intrinsic connectivity showing an overactive and hyperconnected salience network. Findings highlight the role of transdiagnostic research to identify disorder specific brain patterns as well as patterns common across disorders.

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