scholarly journals Behavioral Interpretations of Intrinsic Connectivity Networks

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 4022-4037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela R. Laird ◽  
P. Mickle Fox ◽  
Simon B. Eickhoff ◽  
Jessica A. Turner ◽  
Kimberly L. Ray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Resting State Networks ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Intrinsic Connectivity ◽  
Mental Operations ◽  
Intrinsic Connectivity Networks ◽  
Insight Into

An increasingly large number of neuroimaging studies have investigated functionally connected networks during rest, providing insight into human brain architecture. Assessment of the functional qualities of resting state networks has been limited by the task-independent state, which results in an inability to relate these networks to specific mental functions. However, it was recently demonstrated that similar brain networks can be extracted from resting state data and data extracted from thousands of task-based neuroimaging experiments archived in the BrainMap database. Here, we present a full functional explication of these intrinsic connectivity networks at a standard low order decomposition using a neuroinformatics approach based on the BrainMap behavioral taxonomy as well as a stratified, data-driven ordering of cognitive processes. Our results serve as a resource for functional interpretations of brain networks in resting state studies and future investigations into mental operations and the tasks that drive them.

scholarly journals Mapping Sensorimotor Cortex With Slow Cortical Potential Resting-State Networks While Awake and Under Anesthesia

Neurosurgery ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Breshears ◽  
Charles M. Gaona ◽  
Jarod L. Roland ◽  
Mohit Sharma ◽  
David T. Bundy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Mapping ◽  
Sensorimotor Cortex ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Intractable Epilepsy ◽  
Cortical Potential ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Resting State Networks ◽  
Seed Selection ◽  
Brain Organization ◽  
Slow Cortical Potential

Abstract BACKGROUND: The emerging insight into resting-state cortical networks has been important in our understanding of the fundamental architecture of brain organization. These networks, which were originally identified with functional magnetic resonance imaging, are also seen in the correlation topography of the infraslow rhythms of local field potentials. Because of the fundamental nature of these networks and their independence from task-related activations, we posit that, in addition to their neuroscientific relevance, these slow cortical potential networks could play an important role in clinical brain mapping. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether these networks would be useful in identifying eloquent cortex such as sensorimotor cortex in patients both awake and under anesthesia. METHODS: This study included 9 subjects undergoing surgical treatment for intractable epilepsy. Slow cortical potentials were recorded from the cortical surface in patients while awake and under propofol anesthesia. To test brain-mapping utility, slow cortical potential networks were identified with data-driven (seed-independent) and anatomy-driven (seed-based) approaches. With electrocortical stimulation used as the gold standard for comparison, the sensitivity and specificity of these networks for identifying sensorimotor cortex were calculated. RESULTS: Networks identified with a data-driven approach in patients under anesthesia and awake were 90% and 93% sensitive and 58% and 55% specific for sensorimotor cortex, respectively. Networks identified with systematic seed selection in patients under anesthesia and awake were 78% and 83% sensitive and 67% and 60% specific, respectively. CONCLUSION: Resting-state networks may be useful for tailoring stimulation mapping and could provide a means of identifying eloquent regions in patients while under anesthesia.

Modulation of cerebello-cerebral resting state networks by site-specific stimulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 2084-2086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuj Rastogi ◽  
Ayda Ghahremani ◽  
Robin Cash
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Resting State Networks ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Specific Stimulation ◽  
First Time ◽  
Broad Role

Converging evidence from neuroimaging and neuromodulation literature suggests that the cerebellum plays a broad role in motor as well as cognitive processes through its participation in resting-state networks. A recent study by Halko et al. ( J Neurosci 34: 12049–12056, 2014) demonstrates, for the first time, the ability to modulate functional connectivity of some of these distinct resting-state networks using site-specific repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the cerebellum. In this Neuro Forum, we discuss and critically analyze this study, emphasizing important findings, potential therapeutic relevance, and areas worthy of further inquiry.

scholarly journals Aberrant Advanced Cognitive and Attention-Related Brain Networks in Parkinson’s Disease with Freezing of Gait

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yuting Li ◽  
Xiuhang Ruan ◽  
E. Li ◽  
Guoqin Zhang ◽  
Yanjun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Freezing Of Gait ◽  
Resting State Networks ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Neural Basis

Background. Freezing of gait (FOG) is a disabling gait disorder influencing patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Accumulating evidence suggests that FOG is related to the functional alterations within brain networks. We investigated the changes in brain resting-state functional connectivity (FC) in patients with PD with FOG (FOG+) and without FOG (FOG-). Methods. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) data were collected from 55 PD patients (25 FOG+ and 30 FOG-) and 26 matched healthy controls (HC). Differences in intranetwork connectivity between FOG+, FOG-, and HC individuals were explored using independent component analysis (ICA). Results. Seven resting-state networks (RSNs) with abnormalities, including motor, executive, and cognitive-related networks, were found in PD patients compared to HC. Compared to FOG- patients, FOG+ patients had increased FC in advanced cognitive and attention-related networks. In addition, the FC values of the auditory network and default mode network were positively correlated with the Gait and Falls Questionnaire (GFQ) and Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (FOGQ) scores in FOG+ patients. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that the neural basis of PD is associated with impairments of multiple functional networks. Notably, alterations of advanced cognitive and attention-related networks rather than motor networks may be related to the mechanism of FOG.

scholarly journals A Transdiagnostic Data-driven Study of Children’s Behaviour and the Functional Connectome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Jones ◽  
D. E. Astle ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Functional Connectome ◽  
Behavioural Difficulties ◽  
Intrinsic Connectivity ◽  
Intrinsic Connectivity Networks ◽  
Children’S Behaviour ◽  
The Brain

AbstractBehavioural difficulties are seen as hallmarks of many neurodevelopmental conditions. Differences in functional brain organisation have been observed in these conditions, but little is known about how they are related to a child’s profile of behavioural difficulties. We investigated whether behavioural difficulties are associated with how the brain is functionally organised in an intentionally heterogeneous and transdiagnostic sample of 957 children aged 5-15. We used consensus community detection to derive data-driven profiles of behavioural difficulties and constructed functional connectomes from a subset of 238 children with resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data. We identified three distinct profiles of behaviour that were characterised by principal difficulties with hot executive function, cool executive function, and learning. Global organisation of the functional connectome did not differ between the groups, but multivariate patterns of connectivity at the level of Intrinsic Connectivity Networks (ICNs), nodes, and hubs significantly predicted group membership in held-out data. Fronto-parietal connector hubs were under-connected in all groups relative to a comparison sample, and children with hot vs cool executive function difficulties were distinguished by connectivity in ICNs associated with cognitive control, emotion processing, and social cognition. This demonstrates both general and specific neurodevelopmental risk factors in the functional connectome.

scholarly journals A resting-state network comparison of combat-related PTSD with combat-exposed and civilian controls

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 933-945
Author(s):  
Thomas J Vanasse ◽  
Crystal Franklin ◽  
Felipe S Salinas ◽  
Amy E Ramage ◽  
Vince D Calhoun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Intrinsic Connectivity ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Ptsd Symptom Severity ◽  
Intrinsic Connectivity Networks ◽  
Group Independent Component Analysis ◽  
Left Insula

Abstract Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) is an emerging means of understanding the neurobiology of combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, most rsFC studies to date have limited focus to cognitively related intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs), have not applied data-driven methodologies or have disregarded the effect of combat exposure. In this study, we predicted that group independent component analysis (GICA) would reveal group-wise differences in rsFC across 50 active duty service members with PTSD, 28 combat-exposed controls (CEC), and 25 civilian controls without trauma exposure (CC). Intranetwork connectivity differences were identified across 11 ICNs, yet combat-exposed groups were indistinguishable in PTSD vs CEC contrasts. Both PTSD and CEC demonstrated anatomically diffuse differences in the Auditory Vigilance and Sensorimotor networks compared to CC. However, intranetwork connectivity in a subset of three regions was associated with PTSD symptom severity among executive (left insula; ventral anterior cingulate) and right Fronto-Parietal (perigenual cingulate) networks. Furthermore, we found that increased temporal synchronization among visuospatial and sensorimotor networks was associated with worse avoidance symptoms in PTSD. Longitudinal neuroimaging studies in combat-exposed cohorts can further parse PTSD-related, combat stress-related or adaptive rsFC changes ensuing from combat.

scholarly journals Disrupted resting-state brain network properties in obesity: decreased global and putaminal cortico-striatal network efficiency

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Baek ◽  
L. S. Morris ◽  
P. Kundu ◽  
V. Voon
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Local Network ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Network Efficiency ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Network Properties ◽  
Obese Subjects

BackgroundThe efficient organization and communication of brain networks underlie cognitive processing and their disruption can lead to pathological behaviours. Few studies have focused on whole-brain networks in obesity and binge eating disorder (BED). Here we used multi-echo resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) along with a data-driven graph theory approach to assess brain network characteristics in obesity and BED.MethodMulti-echo rsfMRI scans were collected from 40 obese subjects (including 20 BED patients) and 40 healthy controls and denoised using multi-echo independent component analysis (ME-ICA). We constructed a whole-brain functional connectivity matrix with normalized correlation coefficients between regional mean blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signals from 90 brain regions in the Automated Anatomical Labeling atlas. We computed global and regional network properties in the binarized connectivity matrices with an edge density of 5%–25%. We also verified our findings using a separate parcellation, the Harvard–Oxford atlas parcellated into 470 regions.ResultsObese subjects exhibited significantly reduced global and local network efficiency as well as decreased modularity compared with healthy controls, showing disruption in small-world and modular network structures. In regional metrics, the putamen, pallidum and thalamus exhibited significantly decreased nodal degree and efficiency in obese subjects. Obese subjects also showed decreased connectivity of cortico-striatal/cortico-thalamic networks associated with putaminal and cortical motor regions. These findings were significant with ME-ICA with limited group differences observed with conventional denoising or single-echo analysis.ConclusionsUsing this data-driven analysis of multi-echo rsfMRI data, we found disruption in global network properties and motor cortico-striatal networks in obesity consistent with habit formation theories. Our findings highlight the role of network properties in pathological food misuse as possible biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

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