scholarly journals Re-estimating prevalence of hepatitis B virus immunity among adults in the United States: self-reported vaccination, immunologic markers, and bias correction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel T Vader ◽  
Chari Cohen ◽  
Neal D Goldstein ◽  
Brian K Lee ◽  
Harrison Quick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Asian Americans ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Outcome Measurement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
The Us

Background: Two instruments used to measure adult hepatitis B vaccination coverage in the United States are self-report and antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs). Estimates based on either of these measures are subject to misclassification when used to determine immunity to hepatitis B. This study presents misclassification-corrected estimates of hepatitis B immune prevalence in the US and compares them to self-report- and antibody-based estimates. Methods: We used cross-sectional data from the 2015-2016 NHANES cycle on 5,151 adults in the US age 18 and older. Existing literature on long-term immunity after vaccination informed anti-HBs sensitivity as a measure of immunity. Our model incorporated literature-based distributions for sensitivity and specificity using a Bayesian approach to correct for misclassification of true immune status by anti-HBs. Results: After correcting for misclassification, overall adult immune prevalence was estimated at 31.0% (95% credible interval, 27.9% to 34.1%). Anti-HBs prevalence was 6.4 (3.9 to 8.8) and self-report prevalence 2.6 (-0.6 to 5.8) percentage points lower than overall immune prevalence. Among Asian Americans, anti-HBs and self-report underestimated immune prevalence by 15.8% (11.5% to 20.9%) and 25.1% (17.3% to 33.2%), respectively. Among 19 to 25-year-olds, anti-HBs and self-report underestimated immune prevalence by 26.5% (20.7% to 32.5%) and 21.0% (12.6% to 28.9%). Conclusions: Both self-reported vaccination and antibody-based measures underestimate hepatitis B immunity among adults. This underestimation was especially large among younger adults and Asian Americans. The consequences of treating these surrogates as unbiased measures of vaccination or immunity may only increase as more vaccinated children age into adulthood. Keywords: hepatitis B, hepatitis B vaccine, hepatitis B antibodies, patient reported outcome measures, outcome measurement errors, immunological memory

scholarly journals Low Prevalence of Hepatitis B Vaccination Among Patients Receiving Medical Care for HIV Infection in the United States, 2009 to 2012

2017 ◽  
Vol 168 (4) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Weiser ◽  
Alejandro Perez ◽  
Heather Bradley ◽  
Hope King ◽  
R. Luke Shouse
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Low Prevalence

scholarly journals An Evaluation of PROMIS Health Domains in Sarcoma Patients Compared to the United States Population

Sarcoma ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Wilke ◽  
Anna Cooper ◽  
Mark Scarborough ◽  
C. Parker Gibbs ◽  
Andre Spiguel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
General Population ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
The United States ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Measurement Information ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
The Us ◽  
Health Domains

Background. The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) is a patient-directed system that allows comparisons across medical conditions. With this tool, comparisons can now be made between rare conditions, such as sarcomas, and more common ailments, of the United States general population. This allows comparisons between rare conditions, such as sarcomas, to more common ailments, or even the United States (US) general population. Objectives. Our purpose was to use PROMIS to compare outcomes in patients that had undergone resection of a nonmetastatic sarcoma to the US population. Methods. One hundred thirty-eight patients were included in the analysis. These patients were divided into early (<2 years) and late follow-up (>2 years). Results. We evaluated results from seven health domains and found significantly lower scores in the physical function and depression domains. These differences were present in both the early and late cohorts when compared to the US population. Conclusion. While physical function was found to be worse in the sarcoma cohorts, we observed significantly improved levels of depression in these patients when compared to the US population. This finding was maintained over time and is an important reminder that a patient’s goals and desires change following a cancer diagnosis and must be taken into consideration when planning treatment and determining a successful outcome.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B Vaccination in Pregnancy in the United States

Vaccines ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Stewart ◽  
Jeanne Sheffield
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Curbing the Hepatitis B Epidemic in Asian American Communities

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
Rebecca Carabez ◽  
Grace J. Yoo ◽  
Ted Fang ◽  
Kelvin P. Quan ◽  
Janet Zola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Asian Americans ◽  
Asian American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
United States Census Bureau ◽  
The City

Background. In the United States, more than 50% of the 1.2 million living with hepatitis B infection are Asian Americans (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2013). In the city of San Francisco, Asian Americans make up 33% of the population and the city itself has the highest rate of liver cancer in the nation (United States Census Bureau, 2010, California Cancer Registry, 2011). In 2007, to address the risk of hepatitis B and liver cancer, the San Francisco Hep B Free Campaign (SFHBF) drew together a comprehensive coalition of key leaders and organizations from media, health care, government, community and business sectors within and beyond the Asian American community. Methods. Based on 13 key informant interviews with stakeholders, this paper explores how SFHBF incorporated local city hospitals as coalition partners to increase knowledge and screening of hepatitis B among Asian Americans throughout San Francisco. Results. Key findings include the various steps needed to involve hospitals including 1) Identify mission and key stakeholders, 2) Create collaborations among hospitals; 3) Identify benefits to hospitals. Implications. This research makes a unique contribution to the literature on engaging hospitals in community health partnerships. The findings have implications for other public health initiatives that are seeking to engage and involve hospitals as partners and collaborators.

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