scholarly journals Faces of men with high serum testosterone are less attractive for women during the fertility phase of the menstrual cycle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslaw Krejza ◽  
Rafal Sledziewski ◽  
Marek Tabedzki ◽  
Rong Chen ◽  
Ewa Krzystanek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Good Genes ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Fertile Phase ◽  
Average Face ◽  
Women’S Preferences ◽  
Shift Hypothesis

The attractiveness of the human face plays an essential role in mating as it may signal the genetic suitability of a mate. The controversial 'ovulatory shift hypothesis' postulates that women in the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle would prefer faces of masculine men with high testosterone that signals 'good genes', whereas in the non-fertile phase they prefer traits signaling the willingness to provide parental care. To examine relationships between men's testosterone and women's preferences for men's faces on day 13 of the menstrual cycle, 19 young women rated the attractiveness of images of the natural faces of 77 young men. Using advanced Bayesian multilevel modeling we showed that the attractiveness of men's faces is significantly lower in men with a high concentration of serum total testosterone, even taking into account the concentration of serum estrogen in the raters. The average men's face composited from images of 39 faces rated above pool median attractiveness rate, was slightly narrower than the average face composited from 38 less attractive faces. Our results challenge the 'ovulatory shift hypothesis' as faces of males with high circulating testosterone were rated as less attractive than faces of males with lower testosterone by women on the fertile phase of the cycle.

scholarly journals Women’s Perception of Attractiveness of Men’s Faces Inversely Correlates with Men’s Serum Testosterone During the Fertility Phase of the Menstrual Cycle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslaw Krejza ◽  
Rafał Śledziewski ◽  
Marek Tabedzki ◽  
Rong Chen ◽  
Ewa Krzystanek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Multilevel Modeling ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Good Genes ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Human Face ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Fertile Phase ◽  
Average Face ◽  
Shift Hypothesis

Abstract The attractiveness of the human face may signal the genetic suitability of a mate. The ‘ovulatory shift hypothesis’ postulates that women in the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle prefer faces of masculine men that signal ‘good genes’, whereas in the non-fertile phase they prefer good parental providers. We studied relationships between serum total testosterone and face attractiveness of 77 healthy men (20-29 years, mean±SD 22.44±1.79) as rated by 19 healthy women (20-27 years, mean±SD 22.84±1.96) on day 13 of their menstrual cycle. Using advanced Bayesian multilevel modeling we showed that the attractiveness of faces is negatively associated with the concentration of serum testosterone in the men, even taking into account the concentration of serum estrogen in the raters. The average face composited from images of 39 faces rated above pool median attractiveness rate, was slightly narrower than the average face composited from 38 less attractive faces. Our results challenge the ‘ovulatory shift hypothesis’ as faces of males with higher circulating testosterone were rated as less attractive than faces of males with lower testosterone by women on the fertile phase of the cycle.

Porto-systemic shunt – a rare cause of hyperandrogenism in children. Two case reports and review of literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1105-1109
Author(s):  
Mikołaj Danko ◽  
Anna Malinowska ◽  
Elżbieta Moszczyńska ◽  
Joanna Pawłowska ◽  
Maria Szarras-Czapnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Ductus Venosus ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
First Case

AbstractObjectivesThe main cause of hyperandrogenism in children is congenital adrenal hyperplasia, adrenal and gonadal tumors, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOs) and Cushing’s disease. In the last 20 years several descriptions of girls with hyperandrogenism and venous porto-systemic shunts appeared in literature.Case presentationFirst case is an eleven and a half-year-old girl, was admitted to Department of Endocrinology because of symptoms of hyperandrogenism. Laboratory tests revealed high serum testosterone, androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS). The ammonia concentration was also increased. In the abdominal angio-CT scans persistent umbilical vein which connected portal and femoral vein was found. The second case was a seven-year-old boy with symptoms of precocious puberty. Blood tests also revealed high concentration of testosterone, androstenedione, DHEAS and ammonia. Imaging studies showed persistent ductus venosus.ConclusionAlthough pathophysiological relation is not clear, porto-systemic shunts should be considered as a cause of hyperandrogenism of unknown origin in children.

scholarly journals Provision or Good Genes? Menstrual Cycle Shifts in Women's Preferences for Short-Term and Long-Term Mates' Altruistic Behavior

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 147470491401200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Oda ◽  
Akari Okuda ◽  
Mia Takeda ◽  
Kai Hiraishi
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Good Genes ◽  
Altruistic Behavior ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Women’S Preferences

scholarly journals Do women's preferences for masculine voices shift across the ovulatory cycle?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Jünger ◽  
Natalie Motta-Mena ◽  
Rodrigo Cardenas ◽  
Drew H Bailey ◽  
Kevin Rosenfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mate Preference ◽  
Good Genes ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Hormonal Status ◽  
Ovulatory Cycle ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Women’S Preferences ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Shift Hypothesis ◽  
Men's Voices

Are estrous mate preference shifts robust? This question is the subject of controversy within human evolutionary sciences. For nearly two decades, mate preference shifts across the ovulatory cycle were considered an important feature of human sexual selection, directing women’s attention towards mates with indicators of “good genes” in their fertile phase, when conception is possible. However, several recent studies on masculine faces, bodies or behaviors have failed to find evidence supporting this account, known as the good genes ovulatory shift hypothesis. Furthermore, evidence that preferences for masculine characteristics in men’s voices are related to women’s cycle phase and hormonal status is still equivocal. Here, we report two independent within-subject studies from different labs with large sample sizes (N = 202 tested twice in Study 1; N = 157 tested four times in Study 2) investigating cycle shifts in women’s preferences for masculine voices. In both studies, hormonal status was assessed directly using salivary assays of steroid hormones. We did not find evidence for effects of cycle phase, conception risk or steroid hormone levels on women’s preferences for masculine voices. Rather, Study 2 suggests cycle shifts in women’s attraction to men’s voices regardless of masculine characteristics, though Study 1 provided only partly evidence for such attraction shifts. Women’s relationship status and self-reported stress did not moderate these findings, and the hormonal pattern that influences these shifts remains somewhat unclear. We consider how future work can clarify the mechanisms underlying psychological changes across the ovulatory cycle.

Can Testicular Size Be a Predictive Factor for Successful Sperm Retrieval in Patients with Non Obstructive Azoospermia?

2019 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Omer Yumusak ◽  
Mehmet Cinar ◽  
Serkan Kahyaoglu ◽  
Yasemin Tasci ◽  
Gul Nihal Buyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Testicular Volume ◽  
Testicular Sperm Extraction ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Obstructive Azoospermia ◽  
Testicular Sperm ◽  
Sperm Retrieval ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> Non-obstructive azoospermia, defined as absence of spermatozoa in the ejaculate caused by impaired spermatogenesis, is the most severe cause of male infertility. It is typically presented as high serum follicle stimulating hormone levels and atrophic testis. The combination of intracytoplasmic sperm injection and Microdissection testicular sperm extraction allows these infertile men the opportunity to have their own children from their own testis. Our aim was to evaluate the outcomes of micro-Testicular sperm extraction in men with atrophic testis.</p><p><strong>Study Design:</strong> The medical records of 80 non-obstructive men with azoospermia who underwent micro-TESE were retrospectively evaluated. We assessed clinical parameters; age, duration of infertility, smoking, chromosomal karyotype, Y chromosome microdeletion, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, total testosterone and testicular volume in relation with Microdissection testicular sperm extraction results.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Testicular sperm retrieval rate was 53% in 80 patients. Testicular volume, serum follicle stimulating hormone and total testosterone concentrations showed correlation with the results of sperm retrieval. These three parameters were found to be significant risk factors with testicular sperm extraction negative patients (p&lt;0.001). The odds ratios (95% CI) were 6.39 (1.25–26.58), 1.24 (1.11-1.36), 1.13 (0.99-1.21) respectively. Testicular volume was found to be a discriminative parameter in patients with negative sperm retrieval. The cut-off point was established as 6.75 ml for testicular volume with 88.1% sensitivity, 62.1% specificity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Microdissection testicular sperm extraction is the most effective procedure for patients with non-obstructive azoospermia. Testicular volume, serum follicle stimulating hormone and testosterone levels can be predictive factors for sperm retrieval in men with non-obstructive azoospermia.</p>

Why Do We Need New Markers for Male Hypogonadism and How Seminal Proteomics Might Solve the Problem?

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1186-1191
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Grande ◽  
Domenico Milardi ◽  
Silvia Baroni ◽  
Andrea Urbani ◽  
Alfredo Pontecorvi
Keyword(s):  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Testosterone Replacement ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Male Hypogonadism ◽  
Grey Zone ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Normal Number ◽  
Replacement Treatment

Male hypogonadism is “a clinical syndrome that results from failure of the testis to produce physiological concentrations of testosterone and/or a normal number of spermatozoa due to pathology at one or more levels of the hypothalamic– pituitary–testicular axis”. The diagnostic protocol of male hypogonadism includes accurate medical history, physical exam, as well as hormone assays and instrumental evaluation. Basal hormonal evaluation of serum testosterone, LH, and FSH is important in the evaluation of diseases of the hypothalamus-pituitary-testis axis. Total testosterone levels < 8 nmol/l profoundly suggest the diagnosis of hypogonadism. An inadequate androgen status is moreover possible if the total testosterone levels are 8-12 nmol/L. In this “grey zone” the diagnosis of hypogonadism is debated and the appropriateness for treating these patients with testosterone should be fostered by symptoms, although often non-specific. Up to now, no markers of androgen tissue action can be used in clinical practice. The identification of markers of androgens action might be useful in supporting diagnosis, Testosterone Replacement Treatment (TRT) and clinical follow-up. The aim of this review is to analyze the main findings of recent studies in the field of discovering putative diagnostic markers of male hypogonadism in seminal plasma by proteomic techniques. The identified proteins might represent a “molecular androtest” useful as a seminal fingerprint of male hypogonadism, for the diagnosis of patients with moderate grades of testosterone reduction and in the follow-up of testosterone replacement treatment.

scholarly journals Effect of oral DHEA on serum testosterone and adaptations to resistance training in young men

1999 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 2274-2283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Brown ◽  
Matthew D. Vukovich ◽  
Rick L. Sharp ◽  
Tracy A. Reifenrath ◽  
Kerry A. Parsons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Body Resistance ◽  
Liver Transaminases ◽  
And Training

This study examined the effects of acute dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) ingestion on serum steroid hormones and the effect of chronic DHEA intake on the adaptations to resistance training. In 10 young men (23 ± 4 yr old), ingestion of 50 mg of DHEA increased serum androstenedione concentrations 150% within 60 min ( P < 0.05) but did not affect serum testosterone and estrogen concentrations. An additional 19 men (23 ± 1 yr old) participated in an 8-wk whole body resistance-training program and ingested DHEA (150 mg/day, n = 9) or placebo ( n = 10) during weeks 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, and 8. Serum androstenedione concentrations were significantly ( P < 0.05) increased in the DHEA-treated group after 2 and 5 wk. Serum concentrations of free and total testosterone, estrone, estradiol, estriol, lipids, and liver transaminases were unaffected by supplementation and training, while strength and lean body mass increased significantly and similarly ( P < 0.05) in the men treated with placebo and DHEA. These results suggest that DHEA ingestion does not enhance serum testosterone concentrations or adaptations associated with resistance training in young men.

scholarly journals High Serum Testosterone Is Associated With Reduced Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Elderly Men

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (16) ◽  
pp. 1674-1681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claes Ohlsson ◽  
Elizabeth Barrett-Connor ◽  
Shalender Bhasin ◽  
Eric Orwoll ◽  
Fernand Labrie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Reduced Risk

scholarly journals Cognitive effects of aromatase inhibitor therapy in peripubertal boys

2010 ◽  
Vol 163 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hero ◽  
S Maury ◽  
E Luotoniemi ◽  
E Service ◽  
L Dunkel
Keyword(s):  
Aromatase Inhibitor ◽  
Short Stature ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Cognitive Effects ◽  
Double Blind

ObjectiveAromatase inhibitors, blockers of oestrogen biosynthesis, have emerged as a new potential treatment modality for boys with short stature. The cognitive effects of such therapy are unknown. In this study, we explored the effects of aromatase inhibition on cognitive performance in peripubertal boys.DesignProspective, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled clinical study.MethodsTwenty-eight boys, aged 9.0–14.5 years, with idiopathic short stature were treated with the aromatase inhibitor letrozole (2.5 mg/day) or placebo, for 2 years. During the treatment, the progression of physical signs of puberty and the concentrations of sex hormones were followed up. A selection of cognitive tests, focusing on memory function, was administered to the participants at entry, at 12 months and at 24 months after the start of the treatment.ResultsLetrozole effectively inhibited the conversion of androgen to oestrogen, as indicated by high serum testosterone and low serum oestradiol concentrations in letrozole-treated boys who progressed into puberty. In both the groups, there was a gain in performance during the follow-up period in tests of verbal performance, in most of the tests of visuospatial performance and in some tests of verbal memory. No significant differences between the letrozole- and placebo-treated boys in development of cognitive performance were found in any of the tests during the follow-up period.ConclusionsOur results suggest that blockade of oestrogen biosynthesis with an aromatase inhibitor does not influence cognitive performance in peripubertal males.

High serum testosterone levels during postpartum period are associated with postpartum depression

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aswathi ◽  
Soundravally Rajendiren ◽  
Archana Nimesh ◽  
R. Ravi Philip ◽  
Shivanand Kattimani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Testosterone Levels
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