scholarly journals Women’s Perception of Attractiveness of Men’s Faces Inversely Correlates with Men’s Serum Testosterone During the Fertility Phase of the Menstrual Cycle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslaw Krejza ◽  
Rafał Śledziewski ◽  
Marek Tabedzki ◽  
Rong Chen ◽  
Ewa Krzystanek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Multilevel Modeling ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Good Genes ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Human Face ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Fertile Phase ◽  
Average Face ◽  
Shift Hypothesis

Abstract The attractiveness of the human face may signal the genetic suitability of a mate. The ‘ovulatory shift hypothesis’ postulates that women in the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle prefer faces of masculine men that signal ‘good genes’, whereas in the non-fertile phase they prefer good parental providers. We studied relationships between serum total testosterone and face attractiveness of 77 healthy men (20-29 years, mean±SD 22.44±1.79) as rated by 19 healthy women (20-27 years, mean±SD 22.84±1.96) on day 13 of their menstrual cycle. Using advanced Bayesian multilevel modeling we showed that the attractiveness of faces is negatively associated with the concentration of serum testosterone in the men, even taking into account the concentration of serum estrogen in the raters. The average face composited from images of 39 faces rated above pool median attractiveness rate, was slightly narrower than the average face composited from 38 less attractive faces. Our results challenge the ‘ovulatory shift hypothesis’ as faces of males with higher circulating testosterone were rated as less attractive than faces of males with lower testosterone by women on the fertile phase of the cycle.

scholarly journals Faces of men with high serum testosterone are less attractive for women during the fertility phase of the menstrual cycle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslaw Krejza ◽  
Rafal Sledziewski ◽  
Marek Tabedzki ◽  
Rong Chen ◽  
Ewa Krzystanek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Good Genes ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Fertile Phase ◽  
Average Face ◽  
Women’S Preferences ◽  
Shift Hypothesis

The attractiveness of the human face plays an essential role in mating as it may signal the genetic suitability of a mate. The controversial 'ovulatory shift hypothesis' postulates that women in the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle would prefer faces of masculine men with high testosterone that signals 'good genes', whereas in the non-fertile phase they prefer traits signaling the willingness to provide parental care. To examine relationships between men's testosterone and women's preferences for men's faces on day 13 of the menstrual cycle, 19 young women rated the attractiveness of images of the natural faces of 77 young men. Using advanced Bayesian multilevel modeling we showed that the attractiveness of men's faces is significantly lower in men with a high concentration of serum total testosterone, even taking into account the concentration of serum estrogen in the raters. The average men's face composited from images of 39 faces rated above pool median attractiveness rate, was slightly narrower than the average face composited from 38 less attractive faces. Our results challenge the 'ovulatory shift hypothesis' as faces of males with high circulating testosterone were rated as less attractive than faces of males with lower testosterone by women on the fertile phase of the cycle.

scholarly journals Association between Serum Testosterone and PSA Levels in Middle-Aged Healthy Men from the General Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Elzanaty ◽  
Babak Rezanezhad ◽  
Gert Dohle
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
General Population ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Population Total ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Healthy Men

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between serum testosterone and PSA levels in middle-aged healthy men from the general population. Materials and Methods: Based on 119 healthy men from the general population, total testosterone and PSA levels were measured. Demographic data regarding BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, smoking, and alcohol consumption were also collected. Men were classified into two groups according to testosterone levels; hypogonadal (testosterone ≤ 12 nmol/l), and eugonadal (testosterone > 12 nmol/l). Results: The mean age of the subjects was 55 years (range 46-60 years). No significant correlation between serum testosterone and PSA levels was found (p = 0.60). PSA levels were similar when compared between hypogonadal and eugonadal men (1.4 µg/l vs. 1.4 µg/l, p = 0.90).When using a multivariate analysis model adjusted for the age of the subjects, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, smoking, and alcohol consumption, a positive significant association between testosterone and PSA levels was found (β = 0.03, 95 % CI = 0.003-0.062, p = 0.03). Conclusion: Only after adjusted multivariate analysis, our results indicated that testosterone was associated with PSA levels in middle-aged healthy men.

Why Do We Need New Markers for Male Hypogonadism and How Seminal Proteomics Might Solve the Problem?

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1186-1191
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Grande ◽  
Domenico Milardi ◽  
Silvia Baroni ◽  
Andrea Urbani ◽  
Alfredo Pontecorvi
Keyword(s):  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Testosterone Replacement ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Male Hypogonadism ◽  
Grey Zone ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Normal Number ◽  
Replacement Treatment

Male hypogonadism is “a clinical syndrome that results from failure of the testis to produce physiological concentrations of testosterone and/or a normal number of spermatozoa due to pathology at one or more levels of the hypothalamic– pituitary–testicular axis”. The diagnostic protocol of male hypogonadism includes accurate medical history, physical exam, as well as hormone assays and instrumental evaluation. Basal hormonal evaluation of serum testosterone, LH, and FSH is important in the evaluation of diseases of the hypothalamus-pituitary-testis axis. Total testosterone levels < 8 nmol/l profoundly suggest the diagnosis of hypogonadism. An inadequate androgen status is moreover possible if the total testosterone levels are 8-12 nmol/L. In this “grey zone” the diagnosis of hypogonadism is debated and the appropriateness for treating these patients with testosterone should be fostered by symptoms, although often non-specific. Up to now, no markers of androgen tissue action can be used in clinical practice. The identification of markers of androgens action might be useful in supporting diagnosis, Testosterone Replacement Treatment (TRT) and clinical follow-up. The aim of this review is to analyze the main findings of recent studies in the field of discovering putative diagnostic markers of male hypogonadism in seminal plasma by proteomic techniques. The identified proteins might represent a “molecular androtest” useful as a seminal fingerprint of male hypogonadism, for the diagnosis of patients with moderate grades of testosterone reduction and in the follow-up of testosterone replacement treatment.

scholarly journals Effect of oral DHEA on serum testosterone and adaptations to resistance training in young men

1999 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 2274-2283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Brown ◽  
Matthew D. Vukovich ◽  
Rick L. Sharp ◽  
Tracy A. Reifenrath ◽  
Kerry A. Parsons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Body Resistance ◽  
Liver Transaminases ◽  
And Training

This study examined the effects of acute dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) ingestion on serum steroid hormones and the effect of chronic DHEA intake on the adaptations to resistance training. In 10 young men (23 ± 4 yr old), ingestion of 50 mg of DHEA increased serum androstenedione concentrations 150% within 60 min ( P < 0.05) but did not affect serum testosterone and estrogen concentrations. An additional 19 men (23 ± 1 yr old) participated in an 8-wk whole body resistance-training program and ingested DHEA (150 mg/day, n = 9) or placebo ( n = 10) during weeks 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, and 8. Serum androstenedione concentrations were significantly ( P < 0.05) increased in the DHEA-treated group after 2 and 5 wk. Serum concentrations of free and total testosterone, estrone, estradiol, estriol, lipids, and liver transaminases were unaffected by supplementation and training, while strength and lean body mass increased significantly and similarly ( P < 0.05) in the men treated with placebo and DHEA. These results suggest that DHEA ingestion does not enhance serum testosterone concentrations or adaptations associated with resistance training in young men.

scholarly journals Free Serum Testosterone Versus Total Testosterone/Estradiol Ratio in Low Sexual Desire in Old Men

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 1062-1067
Author(s):  
Ahmed SA Abouroab ◽  
Sherif Refaat Ismail ◽  
Hamdy Foad Aly Marzok
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Desire ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Low Sexual Desire ◽  
Old Men ◽  
Free Serum

scholarly journals Serum High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Endogenous Sex Hormones in Diabetic Men

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Shakir F.T. Al-Aaraji
Keyword(s):  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Dm Type 2 ◽  
Endogenous Sex Hormones

The objective of this cross sectional study was to assess the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2  in men on endogenous sex hormones: estradiol (E2) and  total testosterone (TT); pituitary gland hormones: follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)  as well as high sensitive C-Reactive protein (hs-CRP) in men. This study comprised a total of (80) subjects out of which (40) were normal and (40) were diabetic males. The results obtained indicated a significant increasing (p≤ 0.05) of serum hs-CRP and E2 in men with DM type 2 comparison to non-diabetics, while a significant reduction (p≤ 0.05) of  serum testosterone in men with DM type 2 comparison to non-diabetics, and non-significant reduction of serum LH, FSH in men with DM type 2 comparison to non-diabetics were observed. The data from this study show the role of endogenous sex hormones and hs-CRP in diabetes risk. Testosterone levels are partly influenced by insulin resistance, which may represent an important avenue for intervention

Changes in hormonal concentrations after different heavy-resistance exercise protocols in women

1993 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 594-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Kraemer ◽  
S. J. Fleck ◽  
J. E. Dziados ◽  
E. A. Harman ◽  
L. J. Marchitelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Rest Periods ◽  
Early Follicular Phase ◽  
In Series ◽  
Heavy Resistance Exercise ◽  
Blood Variables

Nine eumenorrheic women (age 24.11 +/- 4.28 yr) performed each of six randomly assigned heavy-resistance protocols (HREPs) on separate days during the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. The HREPs consisted of two series [series 1 (strength, S) and series 2 (hypertrophy, H)] of three protocols, each using identically ordered exercises controlled for load [5 vs. 10 repetitions maximum (RM)], rest period length (1 vs. 3 min), and total work (J) within each three-protocol series. Blood measures were determined pre-, mid- (after 4 of 8 exercises), and postexercise (0, 5, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 min and 24 and 48 h). In series 1, a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in growth hormone (GH) was observed at 90 min postexercise for all three protocols. In series 2, the 10-RM protocol with 1-min rest periods (H10/1) produced significant increases above rest in GH concentrations at 0, 5, and 15 min postexercise, and the H10/1 and H5/1 protocols demonstrated significant reductions at 90 and 120 min postexercise. Cortisol demonstrated significant increases in response to the S10/3 protocol at 0 min, to the H10/1 protocol at midexercise and at 0 and 5 min postexercise, and to the H5/1 protocol at 5 and 15 min postexercise. No significant changes were observed in total insulin-like growth factor I, total testosterone, urea, or creatinine for any of the HREPs. Significant elevations in whole blood lactate and ammonia along with significant reductions in blood glucose were observed. Hormonal and metabolic blood variables measured in the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle varied in response to different HREPs. The most dramatic increases above resting concentrations were observed with the H10/1 protocol, indicating that the more glycolytic HREPs may stimulate greater GH and cortisol increases.

Decrease in serum testosterone levels after short-term occupational exposure to diisononyl phthalate in male workers

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 214-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Bernard Henrotin ◽  
Eva Feigerlova ◽  
Alain Robert ◽  
Mathieu Dziurla ◽  
Manuela Burgart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Type I ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Diisononyl Phthalate ◽  
Male Workers

ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to examine the effects of occupational exposure to diisononyl phthalate (DINP) on serum testosterone levels in male workers.MethodsFrom 2015 to 2018, 97 male workers were recruited from six French factories in the plastics industry. In a short longitudinal study, changes over 3 days in the level of total or free serum testosterone and DINP exposure were measured. DINP exposure was measured by urinary biomonitoring: mono-4-methyl-7-oxo-octyl phthalate (OXO-MINP), mono-4-methyl-7-hydroxy-octyl phthalate (OH-MINP) and mono-4-methyl-7-carboxyheptylphthalate (CX-MINP). We further analysed changes in follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone, total testosterone to oestradiol ratio and two bone turnover markers (procollagen-type-I-N propeptide, C terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen), and erectile dysfunction via standardised questionnaires (International Index of Erectile Function, Androgen Deficiency in Aging Males). Linear mixed models were used with the variables ‘age’ and ‘abdominal diameter’ included as confounder.ResultsIncreased urinary OXO-MINP was associated with a significant decrease in total serum testosterone concentrations, but only for workers who exhibited the smallest variations and lowest exposures (p=0.002). The same pattern was observed for CX-MINP but was not significant; no association with OH-MINP was detectable. More self-reported erectile problems were found in workers exposed directly to DINP at the workstation (p=0.01). No changes were observed for the other biological parameters.ConclusionsShort-term exposure to DINP is associated with a decrease in total serum testosterone levels in male workers. Our results suggest that DINP could present weak antiandrogenic properties in humans, but these need to be confirmed by other studies.

scholarly journals Acute hormonal response to sublingual androstenediol intake in young men

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Brown ◽  
Emily R. Martini ◽  
B. Scott Roberts ◽  
Matthew D. Vukovich ◽  
Douglas S. King
Keyword(s):  
Peak Concentration ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Serum Estradiol ◽  
Hormonal Response ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Serum Hormone

The effectiveness of orally ingested androstenediol in raising serum testosterone concentrations may be limited because of hepatic breakdown of the ingested androgens. Because androstenediol administered sublingually with cyclodextrin bypasses first-pass hepatic catabolism, we evaluated the acute hormonal response to sublingual cyclodextrin androstenediol supplement in young men. Eight men (22.9 ± 1.2 yr) experienced in strength training consumed either 20 mg androstenediol in a sublingual cyclodextrin tablet (Sl Diol) or placebo (Pl) separated by at least 1 wk in a randomized, double-blind, crossover manner. Blood samples were collected before supplementation and at 30-min intervals for 3 h after supplementation. Serum hormone concentrations did not change with Pl. Serum androstenedione concentrations were increased ( P < 0.05) above baseline (11.2 ± 1.1 nmol/l) with Sl Diol from 60 to 180 min after intake and reached a peak concentration of 25.2 ± 2.9 nmol/l at 120 min. Serum free testosterone concentrations were increased from 86.2 ± 9.1 pmol/l with Sl Diol from 30 to 180 min and reached a peak concentration of 175.4 ± 12.2 pmol/l at 60 min. Serum total testosterone concentrations increased above basal (25.6 ± 2.3 nmol/l) from 30 to 180 min with Sl Diol and reached a peak concentration of 47.9 + 2.9 nmol/l at 60 min. Serum estradiol concentrations were elevated ( P < 0.05) above baseline (0.08 ± 0.01 nmol/l) from 30 to 180 min with Sl Diol and reached 0.14 ± 0.02 nmol/l at 180 min. These data indicate that sublingual cyclodextrin androstenediol intake increases serum androstenedione, free testosterone, total testosterone, and estradiol concentrations.

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