scholarly journals Bilaterally Reduced Rolandic Beta Band Activity in Minor Stroke Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua P Kulasingham ◽  
Christian Brodbeck ◽  
Sheena Khan ◽  
Elisabeth B Marsh ◽  
Jonathan Z Simon
Keyword(s):  
Sensorimotor Cortex ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Minor Stroke ◽  
Button Press ◽  
Beta Band ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Motor Dexterity ◽  
Band Activity

Objective: Stroke patients with hemiparesis display decreased beta band (13-25 Hz) rolandic activity, correlating to impaired motor function. However, patients without significant weakness, with small lesions far from sensorimotor cortex, nevertheless exhibit bilateral decreased motor dexterity and slowed reaction times. We investigate whether these minor stroke patients also display abnormal beta band activity. Methods: Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) data were collected from nine minor stroke patients (NIHSS < 4) without significant hemiparesis, at ~1 and ~6 months postinfarct, and eight age-similar controls. Rolandic relative beta power during matching tasks and resting state, and Beta Event Related (De)Synchronization (ERD/ERS) during button press responses were analyzed. Results: Regardless of lesion location, patients had significantly reduced relative beta power and ERS compared to controls. Abnormalities persisted over visits, and were present in both ipsi- and contra-lesional hemispheres, consistent with bilateral impairments in motor dexterity and speed. Conclusions: Minor stroke patients without severe weakness display reduced rolandic beta band activity in both hemispheres, which may be linked to bilaterally impaired dexterity and processing speed, implicating global connectivity dysfunction affecting sensorimotor cortex. Significance: Rolandic beta band activity may be a potential biomarker and treatment target, even for minor stroke patients with small lesions far from sensorimotor areas.

scholarly journals Phase-specific microstimulation in brain machine interface setting differentially modulates beta oscillations and affects behavior

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oren Peles ◽  
Uri Werner-Reiss ◽  
Hagai Bergman ◽  
Zvi Israel ◽  
Eilon Vaadia
Keyword(s):  
Field Potential ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Brain Machine Interface ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Beta Band ◽  
Beta Oscillations ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Machine Interface

SummaryIt is widely accepted that beta-band oscillations play a role in sensorimotor behavior. To further explore this role, we developed a novel hybrid platform to combine operant conditioning and phase-specific intracortical microstimulation (ICMS). We trained monkeys, implanted with 96 electrodes arrays in motor cortex, to volitionally enhance local field potential (LFP) beta-band (20-30Hz) activity at selected sites using a brain-machine interface (BMI). We demonstrate that beta oscillations of LFP and single-unit spiking activity increased dramatically with BMI training, and that pre-movement Beta-power was anti-correlated with task performance. We also show that phase-specific ICMS modulated the power and phase of oscillations, shifting local networks between oscillatory and non-oscillatory states. Furthermore, ICMS induced phase-dependent effects in animal reaction times and success rates. These findings contribute to unraveling of the functional role of cortical oscillations, and to future development of clinical tools for ameliorating abnormal neuronal activities in brain diseases.

scholarly journals Preparing to Stop Action Increases Beta Band Power in Contralateral Sensorimotor Cortex

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 657-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vignesh Muralidharan ◽  
Xinze Yu ◽  
Mike X Cohen ◽  
Adam R. Aron
Keyword(s):  
Sensorimotor Cortex ◽  
Source Separation ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Beta Band ◽  
Cortical Dynamics ◽  
Scalp Eeg ◽  
Band Power ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Clinical Disorders ◽  
Oscillatory Power

How do we prepare to stop ourselves in the future? Here, we used scalp EEG to test the hypothesis that people prepare to stop by putting parts of their motor system (specifically, here, sensorimotor cortex) into a suppressed state ahead of time. On each trial, participants were cued to prepare to stop one hand and then initiated a bimanual movement. On a minority of trials, participants were instructed to stop the cued hand while continuing quickly with the other. We used a guided multivariate source separation method to examine oscillatory power changes in presumed sensorimotor cortical areas. We observed that, when people prepare to stop a hand, there were above-baseline beta band power increases (12–24 Hz) in contralateral cortex up to a second earlier. This increase in beta band power in the proactive period was functionally relevant because it predicted, trial by trial, the degree of selectivity with which participants subsequently stopped a response but did not relate to movement per se. Thus, preparing to stop particular response channels corresponds to increased beta power from contralateral (sensorimotor) cortex, and this relates specifically to subsequent stopping. These results provide a high temporal resolution and frequency-specific electrophysiological signature of the preparing-to-stop state that is pertinent to future studies of mitigating provocation, including in clinical disorders. The results also highlight the utility of guided multivariate source separation for revealing the cortical dynamics underlying both movement and response suppression.

scholarly journals Reduction of spontaneous cortical beta bursts in Parkinson’s disease is linked to symptom severity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikkel C Vinding ◽  
Panagiota Tsitsi ◽  
Josefine Waldthaler ◽  
Robert Oostenveld ◽  
Martin Ingvar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Sensorimotor Cortex ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Beta Band ◽  
Band Activity

Abstract Parkinson’s disease is characterized by a gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons, which is associated with altered neuronal activity in the beta-band (13–30 Hz). Assessing beta-band activity typically involves transforming the time-series to get the power of the signal in the frequency domain. Such transformation assumes that the time-series can be reduced to a combination of steady-state sine- and cosine waves. However, recent studies have suggested that this approach masks relevant biophysical features in the beta-band—for example, that the beta-band exhibits transient bursts of high-amplitude activity. In an exploratory study, we used magnetoencephalography to record beta-band activity from the sensorimotor cortex, to characterize how spontaneous cortical beta bursts manifest in Parkinson’s patients on and off dopaminergic medication, and compare this to matched healthy controls. We extracted the time-course of beta-band activity from the sensorimotor cortex and characterized bursts in the signal. We then compared the burst rate, duration, inter-burst interval and peak amplitude between the Parkinson’s patients and healthy controls. Our results show that Parkinson’s patients off medication had a 5–17% lower beta bursts rate compared to healthy controls, while both the duration and the amplitude of the bursts were the same for healthy controls and medicated state of the Parkinson’s patients. These data thus support the view that beta bursts are fundamental underlying features of beta-band activity, and show that changes in cortical beta-band power in Parkinson’s disease can be explained—primarily by changes in the underlying burst rate. Importantly, our results also revealed a relationship between beta burst rate and motor symptom severity in Parkinson’s disease: a lower burst rate scaled with increased severity of bradykinesia and postural/kinetic tremor. Beta burst rate might thus serve as a neuromarker for Parkinson’s disease that can help in the assessment of symptom severity in Parkinson’s disease or in the evaluation of treatment effectiveness.

scholarly journals Negative covariation between task-related responses in alpha/beta-band activity and BOLD in human sensorimotor cortex: An EEG and fMRI study of motor imagery and movements

NeuroImage ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 2596-2606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Yuan ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Rebecca Szarkowski ◽  
Cristina Rios ◽  
James Ashe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Sensorimotor Cortex ◽  
Beta Band ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Band Activity

scholarly journals Task performance changes the amplitude and timing of the BOLD signal

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atae Akhrif ◽  
Maximilian J. Geiger ◽  
Marcel Romanos ◽  
Katharina Domschke ◽  
Susanne Neufang
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Bold Signal ◽  
Bold Response ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Neural Firing ◽  
Beta Band ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Band Activity

AbstractTranslational studies comparing imaging data of animals and humans have gained increasing scientific interests. With this upcoming translational approach, however, identifying harmonized statistical analysis as well as shared data acquisition protocols and/or combined statistical approaches is necessary. Following this idea, we applied Bayesian Adaptive Regression Splines (BARS), which have until now mainly been used to model neural responses of electrophysiological recordings from rodent data, on human hemodynamic responses as measured via fMRI. Forty-seven healthy subjects were investigated while performing the Attention Network Task in the MRI scanner. Fluctuations in the amplitude and timing of the BOLD response were determined and validated externally with brain activation using GLM and also ecologically with the influence of task performance (i.e. good vs. bad performers). In terms of brain activation, bad performers presented reduced activation bilaterally in the parietal lobules, right prefrontal cortex (PFC) and striatum. This was accompanied by an enhanced left PFC recruitment. With regard to the amplitude of the BOLD-signal, bad performers showed enhanced values in the left PFC. In addition, in the regions of reduced activation such as the parietal and striatal regions, the temporal dynamics were higher in bad performers. Based on the relation between BOLD response and neural firing with the amplitude of the BOLD signal reflecting gamma power and timing dynamics beta power, we argue that in bad performers, an enhanced left PFC recruitment hints towards an enhanced functioning of gamma-band activity in a compensatory manner. This was accompanied by reduced parieto-striatal activity, associated with increased and potentially conflicting beta-band activity.

scholarly journals Poststroke acute dysexecutive syndrome, a disorder resulting from minor stroke due to disruption of network dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (52) ◽  
pp. 33578-33585
Author(s):  
Elisabeth B. Marsh ◽  
Christian Brodbeck ◽  
Rafael H. Llinas ◽  
Dania Mallick ◽  
Joshua P. Kulasingham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
Network Dynamics ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Fusiform Gyrus ◽  
Minor Stroke ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Dysexecutive Syndrome

Stroke patients with small central nervous system infarcts often demonstrate an acute dysexecutive syndrome characterized by difficulty with attention, concentration, and processing speed, independent of lesion size or location. We use magnetoencephalography (MEG) to show that disruption of network dynamics may be responsible. Nine patients with recent minor strokes and eight age-similar controls underwent cognitive screening using the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and MEG to evaluate differences in cerebral activation patterns. During MEG, subjects participated in a visual picture–word matching task. Task complexity was increased as testing progressed. Cluster-based permutation tests determined differences in activation patterns within the visual cortex, fusiform gyrus, and lateral temporal lobe. At visit 1, MoCA scores were significantly lower for patients than controls (median [interquartile range] = 26.0 [4] versus 29.5 [3], P = 0.005), and patient reaction times were increased. The amplitude of activation was significantly lower after infarct and demonstrated a pattern of temporal dispersion independent of stroke location. Differences were prominent in the fusiform gyrus and lateral temporal lobe. The pattern suggests that distributed network dysfunction may be responsible. Additionally, controls were able to modulate their cerebral activity based on task difficulty. In contrast, stroke patients exhibited the same low-amplitude response to all stimuli. Group differences remained, to a lesser degree, 6 mo later; while MoCA scores and reaction times improved for patients. This study suggests that function is a globally distributed property beyond area-specific functionality and illustrates the need for longer-term follow-up studies to determine whether abnormal activation patterns ultimately resolve or another mechanism underlies continued recovery.

scholarly journals Frontal Oscillatory Dynamics Predict Feedback Learning and Action Adjustment

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 4106-4121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene van de Vijver ◽  
K. Richard Ridderinkhof ◽  
Michael X Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Button Press ◽  
Theta Band ◽  
Beta Band ◽  
Oscillatory Dynamics ◽  
Band Power ◽  
Feedback Learning ◽  
Resolution Measure ◽  
Band Activity

Frontal oscillatory dynamics in the theta (4–8 Hz) and beta (20–30 Hz) frequency bands have been implicated in cognitive control processes. Here we investigated the changes in coordinated activity within and between frontal brain areas during feedback-based response learning. In a time estimation task, participants learned to press a button after specific, randomly selected time intervals (300–2000 msec) using the feedback after each button press (correct, too fast, too slow). Consistent with previous findings, theta-band activity over medial frontal scalp sites (presumably reflecting medial frontal cortex activity) was stronger after negative feedback, whereas beta-band activity was stronger after positive feedback. Theta-band power predicted learning only after negative feedback, and beta-band power predicted learning after positive and negative feedback. Furthermore, negative feedback increased theta-band intersite phase synchrony (a millisecond resolution measure of functional connectivity) among right lateral prefrontal, medial frontal, and sensorimotor sites. These results demonstrate the importance of frontal theta- and beta-band oscillations and intersite communication in the realization of reinforcement learning.

scholarly journals Coordinated Reset Vibrotactile Stimulation Induces Sustained Cumulative Benefits in Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina J. Pfeifer ◽  
Justus A. Kromer ◽  
Alexander J. Cook ◽  
Traci Hornbeck ◽  
Erika A. Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Sensorimotor Cortex ◽  
Feasibility Studies ◽  
Motor Ability ◽  
Beta Band ◽  
Band Power ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Eeg Recordings ◽  
High Beta ◽  
Coordinated Reset

BackgroundAbnormal synchronization of neuronal activity in dopaminergic circuits is related to motor impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Vibrotactile coordinated reset (vCR) fingertip stimulation aims to counteract excessive synchronization and induce sustained unlearning of pathologic synaptic connectivity and neuronal synchrony. Here, we report two clinical feasibility studies that examine the effect of regular and noisy vCR stimulation on PD motor symptoms. Additionally, in one clinical study (study 1), we examine cortical beta band power changes in the sensorimotor cortex. Lastly, we compare these clinical results in relation to our computational findings.MethodsStudy 1 examines six PD patients receiving noisy vCR stimulation and their cortical beta power changes after 3 months of daily therapy. Motor evaluations and at-rest electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings were assessed off medication pre- and post-noisy vCR. Study 2 follows three patients for 6+ months, two of whom received daily regular vCR and one patient from study 1 who received daily noisy vCR. Motor evaluations were taken at baseline, and follow-up visits were done approximately every 3 months. Computationally, in a network of leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) neurons with spike timing-dependent plasticity, we study the differences between regular and noisy vCR by using a stimulus model that reproduces experimentally observed central neuronal phase locking.ResultsClinically, in both studies, we observed significantly improved motor ability. EEG recordings observed from study 1 indicated a significant decrease in off-medication cortical sensorimotor high beta power (21—30 Hz) at rest after 3 months of daily noisy vCR therapy. Computationally, vCR and noisy vCR cause comparable parameter-robust long-lasting synaptic decoupling and neuronal desynchronization.ConclusionIn these feasibility studies of eight PD patients, regular vCR and noisy vCR were well tolerated, produced no side effects, and delivered sustained cumulative improvement of motor performance, which is congruent with our computational findings. In study 1, reduction of high beta band power over the sensorimotor cortex may suggest noisy vCR is effectively modulating the beta band at the cortical level, which may play a role in improved motor ability. These encouraging therapeutic results enable us to properly plan a proof-of-concept study.

scholarly journals Subthalamic beta-targeted neurofeedback speeds up movement initiation but increases tremor in Parkinsonian patients

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenghong He ◽  
Abteen Mostofi ◽  
Emilie Syed ◽  
Flavie Torrecillos ◽  
Gerd Tinkhauser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Times ◽  
Gamma Activity ◽  
Neurofeedback Training ◽  
Theta Band ◽  
Beta Band ◽  
Movement Initiation ◽  
Parkinsonian Tremor ◽  
Frequency Interaction ◽  
Motor Initiation ◽  
Band Activity

Previous studies have explored neurofeedback training for Parkinsonian patients to suppress beta oscillations in the subthalamic nucleus (STN). However, its impacts on movements and Parkinsonian tremor are unclear. We developed a neurofeedback paradigm targeting STN beta bursts and investigated whether neurofeedback training could improve motor initiation in Parkinson’s disease compared to passive observation. Our task additionally allowed us to test which endogenous changes in oscillatory STN activities are associated with trial-to-trial motor performance. Neurofeedback training reduced beta synchrony and increased gamma activity within the STN, and reduced beta band coupling between the STN and motor cortex. These changes were accompanied by reduced reaction times in subsequently cued movements. However, in Parkinsonian patients with pre-existing symptoms of tremor, successful volitional beta suppression was associated with an amplification of tremor which correlated with theta band activity in STN local field potentials, suggesting an additional cross-frequency interaction between STN beta and theta activities.

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