scholarly journals A Descriptive Analysis of Chairs of Academic Neurology Departments in the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kajol K Patel ◽  
Parth A Patel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Clinical Neurophysiology ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Department Chairs ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Graduate Degree ◽  
Female Representation ◽  
Academic Leaders ◽  
Doctor Of Philosophy

There remains a limited understanding of the characteristics of academic leaders within neurology departments, despite similar research in other fields. This investigation characterized the demographics, academic background, and scholarly productivity of United States (U.S.) neurology department chairs. Here, 131 chairs at Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)-certified neurology programs were identified. Publicly accessible demographic and academic data available online were collected in March 2021. Among the 131 neurology chairs analyzed, 84.7% were male. On average, these faculty were 60.5 years old and were appointed at a mean age of 52.0 years. 74.8% of chairs graduated from an American medical school, although a notable proportion of department heads received medical training internationally. A substantial cohort also acquired an additional graduate degree, of which Doctor of Philosophy (PhD; 22.1%) and master's degree (21.4%) were most common. 82.4% completed a post-residency fellowship, which were most frequently in vascular neurology (24.1%) and clinical neurophysiology (17.6%). The mean h-index, m-quotient, and lifetime NIH grant funding received were 39.2 ± 29.4, 1.2 ± 0.8, and $20,021,594 ± $31,861,816, respectively. No between-gender differences were observed. Overall, neurology chairs are predominantly male, most often completing fellowships in vascular neurology or clinical neurophysiology. Research productivity is a notable component of these chairs' careers, although certain programs place less emphasis on these metrics. Finally, substantial effort remains to address disparities in female representation at this leadership position. These findings serve as a benchmark to evaluate demographic trends among neurology department chairs.

Gender Differences in Pediatric Dentistry Chairs in the United States and Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 323-331
Author(s):  
Janice A Townsend ◽  
Marcio A da Fonseca ◽  
Tobias E Rodriguez ◽  
Charles W LeHew
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Department Chairs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Academic Leaders ◽  
Position Data ◽  
Professional History ◽  
Job Perceptions

Objective: To analyze gender differences in personal and professional demographics, job perceptions and work satisfaction between male and female pediatric dentistry academic leaders in the United States and Canada. Study Design: A 40-question survey was sent electronically to department chairs requesting information about demographics, current circumstances of the position, professional history, and opinions about the position. Data was analyzed by the sex of the respondent. Results: Eighty-eight surveys were distributed electronically and 55 chairs responded (response rate: 62.5%). Women comprised 29.5% of the sample, were younger and had less leadership training than men. Men had served longer in the position (t(41)=2.02, p=0.05) and had higher ranking academic titles. Women spent more time managing personnel (p=0.026), creating courses and programs (p=0.029), and teaching (p=0.006) than men. Female chairs perceived to have a difficult relationship with the faculty (p=0.027), felt they received less faculty support (p=0.002), and were significantly more dissatisfied in the job (p=0.037). Men were more stressed about a heavy workload than women (p=0.001). Conclusion: Gender was significantly related to the demographics, experience, perceptions of the skills and abilities required for job performance, time management and job satisfaction for pediatric dentistry department chairs in American and Canadian institutions.

Didactic education in paediatric cardiology during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national fellow survey

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Madhusudan Ganigara ◽  
Chetan Sharma ◽  
Fernando Molina Berganza ◽  
Krittika Joshi ◽  
Andrew D. Blaufox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Paediatric Cardiology ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a profound impact on medical educational curricula. We aimed to examine the impact of these unprecedented changes on the formal education of paediatric cardiology fellows through a nationwide survey. A REDCap™-based voluntary anonymous survey was sent to all current paediatric cardiology fellows in the United States of America in May, 2020. Of 143 respondents, 121 were categorical fellows, representing over one-fourth of all categorical paediatric cardiology fellows in the United States of America. Nearly all (140/143, 97.9%) respondents utilised online learning during the pandemic, with 134 (93.7%) reporting an increase in use compared to pre-pandemic. The percentage of respondents reporting curriculum supplementation with outside lectures increased from 11.9 to 88.8% during the pandemic. Respondents considered online learning to be “equally or more effective” than in-person lectures in convenience (133/142, 93.7%), improving fellow attendance (132/142, 93.0%), improving non-fellow attendance (126/143, 88.1%), and meeting individual learning needs (101/143, 70.6%). The pandemic positively affected the lecture curriculum of 83 respondents (58.0%), with 35 (24.5%) reporting no change and 25 (17.5%) reporting a negative effect. A positive effect was most noted by those whose programmes utilised supplemental outside lectures (62.2 versus 25.0%, p = 0.004) and those whose lecture frequency did not decrease (65.1 versus 5.9%, p < 0.001). Restrictions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic have greatly increased utilisation of online learning platforms by medical training programmes. This survey reveals that an online lecture curriculum, despite inherent obstacles, offers advantages that may mitigate some negative consequences of the pandemic on fellowship education.

You’re Fired! Donald Trump and the 2020 Congressional Elections

The Forum ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-650
Author(s):  
Jamie L. Carson ◽  
Spencer Hardin ◽  
Aaron A. Hitefield
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Vice President ◽  
The United States ◽  
Congressional Elections ◽  
General Election ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Modern Era

Abstract The 2020 elections brought to an end one of the most divisive and historic campaigns in the modern era. Former Vice President Joe Biden was elected the 46th President of the United States with the largest number of votes ever cast in a presidential election, defeating incumbent President Donald Trump in the process. The record turnout was especially remarkable in light of the ongoing pandemic surrounding COVID-19 and the roughly 236,000 Americans who had died of the virus prior to the election. This article examines the electoral context of the 2020 elections focusing on elections in both the House and Senate. More specifically, this article examines the candidates, electoral conditions, trends, and outcomes in the primaries as well as the general election. In doing so, we provide a comprehensive descriptive analysis of the climate and outcome of the 2020 congressional elections. Finally, the article closes with a discussion of the broader implications of the election outcomes on both the incoming 117th Congress as well as the upcoming 2022 midterm election.

scholarly journals Fairly Assessing U.S.- and Foreign-Trained Physician Performance Using 360-Degree Surveys

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie J Lanz ◽  
Paul Gregory ◽  
Larry Harmon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
The United States ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Competency Assessment ◽  
Demographic Differences ◽  
Physician Performance ◽  
Technical Practice ◽  
Trained Physician

Abstract Background With a growing number of foreign-trained physicians joining the United States workforce, there is a need to fairly assess their job performance. The purpose of this study was to explore the fairness of a 360-degree competency assessment on U.S.- and foreign-trained physicians. Methods We conducted a non-experimental retrospective analysis on physicians working in the United States (n = 258) who participated in a physician assessment and education program between 2007 and 2017. Results There were no significant differences in performance outcomes of teamwork, motivating or discouraging behaviors, technical practice, and patient interactions based on demographic differences. Conclusions The PULSE 360 is a powerful tool that can be used to evaluate physician performance without bias in demographic differences including: gender, country of physician medical training, physician native language, or age.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study of neurosurgical department chairs in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 1342-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick M. Flanigan ◽  
Arman Jahangiri ◽  
Joshua L. Golubovsky ◽  
Jaret M. Karnuta ◽  
Francis J. May ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Residency Program ◽  
Department Chair ◽  
Department Chairs ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
The United States ◽  
Advanced Degrees ◽  
Over Time

OBJECTIVEThe position of neurosurgery department chair undergoes constant evolution as the health care landscape changes. The authors’ aim in this paper was to characterize career attributes of neurosurgery department chairs in order to define temporal trends in qualities being sought in neurosurgical leaders. Specifically, they investigated the hypothesis that increased qualifications in the form of additional advanced degrees and research acumen are becoming more common in recently hired chairs, possibly related to the increased complexity of their role.METHODSThe authors performed a retrospective study in which they collected data on 105 neurosurgeons who were neurosurgery department chairs as of December 31, 2016, at accredited academic institutions with a neurosurgery residency program in the United States. Descriptive data on the career of neurosurgery chairs, such as the residency program attended, primary subspecialty focus, and age at which they accepted their position as chair, were collected.RESULTSThe median age and number of years in practice postresidency of neurosurgery chairs on acceptance of the position were 47 years (range 36–63 years) and 14 years (range 6–33 years), respectively, and 87% (n = 91) were first-time chairs. The median duration that chairs had been holding their positions as of December 31, 2016, was 10 years (range 1–34 years). The most common subspecialties were vascular (35%) and tumor/skull base (27%), although the tendency to hire from these specialties diminished over time (p = 0.02). More recently hired chairs were more likely to be older (p = 0.02), have more publications (p = 0.007), and have higher h-indices (p < 0.001) at the time of hire. Prior to being named chair, 13% (n = 14) had a PhD, 4% (n = 4) had an MBA, and 23% (n = 24) were awarded a National Institutes of Health R01 grant, tendencies that were stable over time (p = 0.09–0.23), although when additional degrees were analyzed as a binary variable, chairs hired in 2010 or after were more likely to have an MBA and/or PhD versus those hired before 2010 (26% vs 10%, p = 0.04). The 3 most common residency programs attended by the neurosurgery chairs were Massachusetts General Hospital (n = 8, 8%), University of California, San Francisco (n = 8, 8%), and University of Michigan (n = 6, 6%). Most chairs (n = 63, 61%) attended residency at the institution and/or were staff at the institution before they were named chair, a tendency that persisted over time (p = 0.86).CONCLUSIONSMost neurosurgery department chairs matriculated into the position before the age of 50 years and, despite selection processes usually involving a national search, most chairs had a previous affiliation with the department, a phenomenon that has been relatively stable over time. In recent years, a large increase has occurred in the proportion of chairs with additional advanced degrees and more extensive research experience, underscoring how neurosurgical leadership has come to require scientific skills and the ability to procure grants, as well as the financial skills needed to navigate the ever-changing financial health care landscape.

scholarly journals 53. A Descriptive Analysis of Air Medical Directors in the United States

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (S2) ◽  
pp. S44-S44
Author(s):  
Kathy J. Rinnert ◽  
Ira J. Blumen ◽  
Michael Zanker ◽  
Sheryl G. A. Gabram
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
United States ◽  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Medical Directors ◽  
Mission Profile

Purpose: The practice of helicopter emergency medical services is variable in its mission profile, crew configuration, and transport capabilities. We sought to describe the characteristics of physician air medical directors in the United States.Methods: We surveyed medical directors concerning their education, training, transport experience, and roles/responsibilities in critical care air transport programs.Results: Two page surveys were mailed to 281 air medical services. Three programs merged or were dissolved. Data from 122/278 (43.9%) air medical directors were analyzed. One-hundred eleven respondents reported residency training in: Emergency Medicine (EM) 44 (39.6%), Internal Medicine (IM) 18 (16.2%), General Surgery (GS) 18 (16.2%), Family Practice (FP) 12 (10.8%), dual-trained (EM/IM, EM/FP, IM/FP) 11 (9.9%) and others 8 (7.2%). Medical directors’ roles/responsibilities consist, most frequently of: drafting protocols 108 (88.5%), QA/CQI activities 104 (85.3%), crew training 98 (80.3%), and administrative negotiations 95 (77.7%).

scholarly journals Assessment of Patient Experiences in Otolaryngology Virtual Visits During the COVID-19 Pandemic

OTO Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 2473974X2093357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyohei Itamura ◽  
Franklin L. Rimell ◽  
Elisa A. Illing ◽  
Thomas S. Higgins ◽  
Jonathan Y. Ting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Patient Experiences ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Virtual Visits

This study evaluates the patient experience during virtual otolaryngology clinic visits implemented during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Patient satisfaction surveys were queried from January 1, 2020, to May 1, 2020, for both telehealth and in-person visits. A descriptive analysis of the question responses was performed. There were 195 virtual and 4013 in-person visits with surveys completed in this time period. Ratings related to provider-patient communication were poor for virtual visits. Telehealth has become the new norm for most health care providers in the United States. This study demonstrates some of the initial shortcomings of telehealth in an otolaryngology practice and identifies challenges with interpersonal communication that may need to be addressed as telehealth becomes increasingly prevalent.

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