scholarly journals Neuropsychiatric, cognitive and brain morphology characteristics of conversion from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronat Lucas ◽  
Hanganu Alexandru ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Brain Morphology ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe impact of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) on cognitive performance has been extensively reported, and this impact was better defined in the aging population. Yet a potential impact of NPS on brain morphology, cognitive performance and interactions between them in a longitudinal setting, as well as the potential of using these values as prediction of conversion – have remained questionable. We studied 156 participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database who maintained the same level of cognitive performance after a 4-year follow-up and compared them to 119 MCI participants who converted to dementia. Additionally, we assessed the same analysis in 170 healthy controls who remained healthy at follow-up. Compared to 15 controls who converted to MCI. Their neuropsychological, neuropsychiatric, and brain morphology data underwent statistical analyses of 1) baseline comparison between the groups; (2) analysis of covariance model controlling for age, sex, education, and MMSE score, to specify the cognitive performance and brain structures that distinguish the two subgroups, and 3) used the significant ANCOVA variables to construct a binary logistic regression model that generates a probability equation for a given individual to convert to a lower cognitive performance state.Results showed that MCI who converted to AD in comparison to those who did not convert, exhibited a higher NPS prevalence, a lower cognitive performance and a higher number of involved brain structures. Furthermore, agitation, memory and the volumes of inferior temporal, hippocampal and amygdala sizes were significant predictors of MCI to AD conversion.

Neuropsychiatric symptoms and brain morphology in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease with dementia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Nikias Siafarikas ◽  
Dag Alnæs ◽  
Jennifer Monereo-Sanchez ◽  
Martina J. Lund ◽  
Geir Selbaek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Brain Morphology

SUMMARY We present associations between neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and brain morphology in a large sample of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease with dementia (AD dementia). Several studies assessed NPS factor structure in MCI and AD dementia, but we know of no study that tested for associations between NPS factors and brain morphology. The use of factor scores increases parsimony and power. For transparency, we performed an additional analysis with selected Neuropsychiatric Inventory – Questionnaire (NPI-Q) items. Including regional cortical thickness, cortical and subcortical volumes, we examined associations between NPS and brain morphology across the whole brain in an unbiased fashion. We reported both statistical significance and effect sizes, using linear models adjusted for multiple comparisons by false discovery rate (FDR). Moreover, we included an interaction term for diagnosis and could thereby compare associations of NPS and brain morphology between MCI and AD dementia. We found an association between the factor elation and thicker right anterior cingulate cortex across MCI and AD dementia. Associations between the factors depression to thickness of the banks of the left superior temporal sulcus and psychosis to the left post-central volume depended on diagnosis: in MCI these associations were positive, in AD dementia negative. Our findings indicate that NPS in MCI and AD dementia are not exclusively associated with atrophy and support previous findings of associations between NPS and mainly frontotemporal brain structures.

Elucidating the risk factors for progression from amyloid-negative amnestic mild cognitive impairment to dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung-Ji Kim ◽  
Jae-Hong Lee ◽  
E-nae Cheong ◽  
Sung-Eun Chung ◽  
Sungyang Jo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Amyloid Pet ◽  
Clinical Progression ◽  
Amnestic Mci

Background: Amyloid PET allows for the assessment of amyloid β status in the brain, distinguishing true Alzheimer’s disease from Alzheimer’s disease-mimicking conditions. Around 15–20% of patients with clinically probable Alzheimer’s disease have been found to have no significant Alzheimer’s pathology on amyloid PET. However, a limited number of studies had been conducted this subpopulation in terms of clinical progression. Objective: We investigated the risk factors that could affect the progression to dementia in patients with amyloid-negative amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: This study was a single-institutional, retrospective cohort study of patients over the age of 50 with amyloidnegative amnestic MCI who visited the memory clinic of Asan Medical Center with a follow-up period of more than 36 months. All participants underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), detailed neuropsychological testing, and fluorine-18[F18]-florbetaben amyloid PET. Results: During the follow-up period, 39 of 107 patients progressed to dementia from amnestic MCI. In comparison with the stationary group, the progressed group had a more severe impairment in verbal and visual episodic memory function and hippocampal atrophy, which showed an Alzheimer’s disease-like pattern despite the lack of evidence for significant Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Voxel-based morphometric MRI analysis revealed that the progressed group had a reduced gray matter volume in the bilateral cerebellar cortices, right temporal cortex, and bilateral insular cortices. Conclusion: Considering the lack of evidence of amyloid pathology, clinical progression of these subpopulation may be caused by other neuropathologies such as TDP-43, abnormal tau or alpha synuclein that lead to neurodegeneration independent of amyloid-driven pathway. Further prospective studies incorporating biomarkers of Alzheimer’s diseasemimicking dementia are warranted.

Searching for Primary Predictors of Conversion from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer’s Disease: A Multivariate Follow-Up Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Eugenia López ◽  
Agustín Turrero ◽  
Pablo Cuesta ◽  
David López-Sanz ◽  
Ricardo Bruña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Follow Up Study
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