scholarly journals Cardiopulmonary imaging utilization and findings among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Latin America (From RIMAC: Registry IMAging Cardiopulmonary among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in LATAM)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvador Vicente Spina ◽  
Marcelo Luiz Campos Vieira ◽  
Cesar Herrera ◽  
Ana Munera Echeverri ◽  
Pamela Rojo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Abnormal Finding ◽  
Information Gap ◽  
Imaging Utilization ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Multicenter Prospective Observational Study

Objectives To describe the use and findings of cardiopulmonary imaging - chest X-ray (cX-ray), echocardiography (cEcho), chest CT (cCT), lung ultrasound (LUS)) and/or cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) - in COVID-19-associated hospitalizations in Latin America (LATAM) Background The SARS-Cov-2 is one of the largest and most active threats to healthcare in living memory. There is an information gap on imaging services resources (ISR) used and their findings during the pandemic in LATAM. Methods This was a multicenter, prospective, observational study of COVID-19 inpatients conducted from March to December 2020 from 12 high-complexity centers in nine LATAM countries. Adults (> 18 yrs) with at least one imaging modality performed, followed from admission until discharge and/or in-hospital death, were included. Results We studied 1435 hospitalized patients (64% males) with a median age of 58 years classified into three regions: 262 from Mexico (Mx), 428 from Central America and Caribbean (CAC), and 745 from South America (SAm). More frequent comorbidities were overweight/obesity (61%), hypertension (45%), and diabetes (27%). During hospitalization, 58% were admitted to ICU. The in-hospital mortality was 28% (95%CI 25-30) highest in Mx (37%). The most frequent cardiopulmonary imaging performed were cCT (61%)-more frequent in Mx and SAm-, and cX-ray (46%) -significantly used in CAC-. The cEcho was carried out in 18%, similarly among regions, and LUS in 7%, more frequently in Mx. The cMRI was performed in only one patient in the cohort. Abnormal findings on the cX-ray were related to peripheral (63%) or basal infiltrates (52%), and in cCT with ground glass infiltrates (89%). Both were more commonly in Mx. In LUS, interstitial syndrome (56%) was the most related abnormal finding, predominantly in Mx and CAC. Conclusions The use and findings of cardiopulmonary imaging in LATAM varied between regions and may have been influenced by clinical needs, the personnel protection measures and/or hospitalization location.

scholarly journals A prospective observational study depicting role of lung ultrasound in pediatric pneumonias

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1566
Author(s):  
Ashish Saklani ◽  
Ashwani Tomar ◽  
Sumala Kapila ◽  
Shyam Lal Kaushik ◽  
Anjali Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Lobar Pneumonia ◽  
Chest X Ray

Background: Pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children under five years of age. Chest x-ray poses radiation hazard to children and thus an alternative safe imaging modality must be explored for pediatric pneumonias.Methods: This prospective observational study included all children below 18 years of age. Majority of patients were below five years of age. All clinically suspicious patients were subjected to chest x-ray and lung ultrasound (LUS). Chest x-ray was considered as imaging diagnostic standard for pneumonia. Consolidation and dynamic air bronchogram were looked on LUS.Results: A total of 55 patients were included in study with 26 (47.2%) as infants and up to 47 (85.3%) as under five children. Out of 55 cases 32 cases (58.20%) were diagnosed as lobar pneumonia while 23 (41.8%) as bronchopneumonia on chest x-ray. LUS demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity of 90.63% and 100% for lobar pneumonia and 86.96 and 90.63% for bronchopneumonia respectively. Dynamic air bronchogram sign was found in all cases of lobar pneumonia on LUS and with sensitivity of 73.91% in bronchopneumonia.Conclusions: LUS proved itself as highly sensitive and specific modality for detecting consolidation and owing to safe non ionizing nature of ultrasound, it must be considered as an alternative to chest x-ray as an imaging diagnostic tool for pediatric pneumonia.

Endoscope‐assisted transoral accessory parotid mass excision: Multicenter prospective observational study

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 (5) ◽  
pp. 1218-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Pyeong Kim ◽  
Dong Kun Lee ◽  
Jeong Hwan Moon ◽  
Jun Sun Ryu ◽  
Seung Hoon Woo
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Multicenter Prospective Observational Study

scholarly journals Eye Tumors in Childhood as First Sign of Tumor Predisposition Syndromes: Insights from an Observational Study Conducted in Germany and Austria

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1876
Author(s):  
Madlen Reschke ◽  
Eva Biewald ◽  
Leo Bronstein ◽  
Ines B. Brecht ◽  
Sabine Dittner-Moormann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Ciliary Body ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
Cancer Early Detection ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
Eye Tumors ◽  
Multicenter Prospective Observational Study

Retinoblastoma and other eye tumors in childhood are rare diseases. Many eye tumors are the first signs of a genetic tumor predisposition syndrome and the affected children carry a higher risk of developing other cancers later in life. Clinical and genetic data of all children with eye tumors diagnosed between 2013–2018 in Germany and Austria were collected in a multicenter prospective observational study. In five years, 300 children were recruited into the study: 287 with retinoblastoma, 7 uveal melanoma, 3 ciliary body medulloepithelioma, 2 retinal astrocytoma, 1 meningioma of the optic nerve extending into the eye. Heritable retinoblastoma was diagnosed in 44% of children with retinoblastoma. One child with meningioma of the optic nerve extending into the eye was diagnosed with neurofibromatosis 2. No pathogenic constitutional variant in DICER1 was detected in a child with medulloepithelioma while two children did not receive genetic analysis. Because of the known association with tumor predisposition syndromes, genetic counseling should be offered to all children with eye tumors. Children with a genetic predisposition to cancer should receive a tailored surveillance including detailed history, physical examinations and, if indicated, imaging to screen for other cancer. Early detection of cancers may reduce mortality.

scholarly journals Efficacy of chest X-ray in the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia: comparison with computed tomography through a simplified scoring system designed for triage

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akın Çinkooğlu ◽  
Selen Bayraktaroğlu ◽  
Naim Ceylan ◽  
Recep Savaş
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Initial Presentation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

Abstract Background There is no consensus on the imaging modality to be used in the diagnosis and management of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. The purpose of this study was to make a comparison between computed tomography (CT) and chest X-ray (CXR) through a scoring system that can be beneficial to the clinicians in making the triage of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia at their initial presentation to the hospital. Results Patients with a negative CXR (30.1%) had significantly lower computed tomography score (CTS) (p < 0.001). Among the lung zones where the only infiltration pattern was ground glass opacity (GGO) on CT images, the ratio of abnormality seen on CXRs was 21.6%. The cut-off value of X-ray score (XRS) to distinguish the patients who needed intensive care at follow-up (n = 12) was 6 (AUC = 0.933, 95% CI = 0.886–0.979, 100% sensitivity, 81% specificity). Conclusions Computed tomography is more effective in the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia at the initial presentation due to the ease detection of GGOs. However, a baseline CXR taken after admission to the hospital can be valuable in predicting patients to be monitored in the intensive care units.

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