scholarly journals Abnormal spontaneous neural activity of auditory cortex and auditory pathway in tinnitus: a resting-state fMRI study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Wei Cai ◽  
Jian-Gang Liang ◽  
Zhi-Hui Li ◽  
Yu-lin Huang ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Homeostatic Plasticity ◽  
Central Auditory System ◽  
Spontaneous Neural Activity ◽  
Fmri Study

AbstractThis resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) study in tinnitus patients was conducted to observe the spontaneous neural activity of the central auditory system using a derived index, mean amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (mALFF). Tinnitus subjects with right-ear hearing impairment (THL) and without hearing loss (TNH) and two age-, sex-, and education-matched control groups (NC1 and NC2) were recruited for rs-fMRI. mALFF maps of the tinnitus and matched NC groups were plotted in the central auditory system, including the primary auditory cortex (PAC), higher auditory cortex (HAC), and hubs of the central auditory pathway. mALFF values of the activity clusters in the central auditory system of THL and TNH patients were extracted and correlated with each clinical characteristic. Significantly increased mALFF clusters were found in bilateral PAC and HAC of THL-NC1 maps and in the left inferior colliculus and right HAC of TNH-NC2 maps. Thus, subgroups of tinnitus with and without hearing impairment might exhibit different homeostatic plasticity in the central auditory system. mALFF values of aberrant active clusters in the central auditory system are partly associated with specific clinical tinnitus characteristics.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Neural Activity Changes after Bariatric Surgery: a resting-state fMRI study

NeuroImage ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 118419
Author(s):  
Yashar Zeighami ◽  
Sylvain Iceta ◽  
Mahsa Dadar ◽  
Mélissa Pelletier ◽  
Mélanie Nadeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Spontaneous Neural Activity ◽  
Fmri Study

scholarly journals Age-related changes in sound onset and offset intensity coding in auditory cortical fields A1 and CL of rhesus macaques

2020 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 1015-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepa L. Ramamurthy ◽  
Gregg H. Recanzone
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Central Auditory System ◽  
Rate Level ◽  
Intensity Coding ◽  
Age Related

Inhibition plays a key role in shaping sensory processing in the central auditory system and has been implicated in sculpting receptive field properties such as sound intensity coding and also in shaping temporal patterns of neuronal firing such as onset- or offset-evoked responses. There is substantial evidence supporting a decrease in inhibition throughout the ascending auditory pathway in geriatric animals. We therefore examined intensity coding of onset (ON) and offset (OFF) responses in auditory cortex of aged and young monkeys. A large proportion of cells in the primary auditory cortex (A1) and the caudolateral field (CL) displayed nonmonotonic rate-level functions for OFF responses in addition to nonmonotonic coding of ON responses. Aging differentially affected ON and OFF responses; the magnitude of effects was generally greater for ON responses. In addition to higher firing rates, neurons in old monkeys exhibited a significant increase in the proportion of monotonic rate-level functions and had higher best intensities than those in young monkeys. OFF responses in young monkeys displayed a range of intensity coding relationships with ON responses of the same cells, ranging from highly similar to highly dissimilar. Dissimilarity in ON/OFF coding was greater in CL and was reduced with aging, which was largely explained by a preferential decrease in the percentage of cells with nonmonotonic coding of ON and OFF responses. The changes we observed are consistent with previously demonstrated alterations in inhibition in the ascending auditory pathway of primates and could be involved in age-related deficits in the temporal processing of sounds. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Aging has a major impact on intensity coding of neurons in auditory cortex of rhesus macaques. Neural responses to sound onset and offset were affected to different extents, and their rate-level functions became more mutually similar, which could be accounted for by the loss of nonmonotonic intensity coding in geriatric monkeys. These findings were consistent with weakened inhibition in the central auditory system and could contribute to auditory processing deficits in elderly subjects.

Functional abnormalities in Broca’s area in adolescents with ADHD: A resting-state fMRI study

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Pikusa ◽  
Rafał Jończyk
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Broca’S Area ◽  
Broca's Area ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Spontaneous Neural Activity ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Brodmann Areas ◽  
Underlying Causes

AbstractThere is evidence that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with linguistic difficulties. However, the pathophysiology underlying these difficulties is yet to be determined. This study investigates functional abnormalities in Broca’s area, which is associated with speech production and processing, in adolescents with ADHD by means of resting-state fMRI. Data for the study was taken from the ADHD-200 project and included 267 ADHD patients (109 with combined inattentive/hyperactive subtype and 158 with inattentive subtype) and 478 typically-developing control (TDC) subjects. An analysis of fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF), which reflects spontaneous neural activity, in Broca’s area (Brodmann Areas 44/45) was performed on the data and the results were compared statistically across the participant groups. fALFF was found to be significantly lower in the ADHD inattentive group as compared to TDC in BA 44, and in the ADHD combined group as compared to TDC in BA 45. The results suggest that there are functional abnormalities in Broca’s area with people suffering from ADHD, and that the localization of these abnormalities might be connected to particular language deficits associated with ADHD subtypes, which we discuss in the article. The findings might help explore the underlying causes of specific language difficulties in ADHD.

scholarly journals Disrupted Spontaneous Neural Activity in Patients With Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy: A Resting-State fMRI Study Using Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuation

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Chen ◽  
Qian Wu ◽  
Lu Chen ◽  
Jiang Zhou ◽  
Huan-Huan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Activity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Frequency Fluctuation ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Spontaneous Neural Activity ◽  
Thyroid Associated Ophthalmopathy ◽  
Middle Occipital Gyrus ◽  
Left Middle

PurposeThe purpose of the study was to investigate the brain functional alteration in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) by evaluating the spontaneous neural activity changes using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) with the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) method.Materials and MethodsThe rs-fMRI data of 30 TAO patients (15 active and 15 inactive) and 15 healthy controls (HCs) were included for analyses. The ALFF values were calculated and compared among groups. Correlations between ALFF values and clinical metrics were assessed.ResultsCompared with HCs, active TAOs showed significantly decreased ALFF values in the left middle occipital gyrus, superior occipital gyrus, and cuneus. Compared with inactive TAOs, active TAOs showed significantly increased ALFF values in the bilateral precuneus. Additionally, inactive TAOs showed significantly decreased ALFF values in the left middle occipital gyrus, superior occipital gyrus, cuneus, and bilateral precuneus than HCs. The ALFF value in the right precuneus of TAOs was positively correlated with clinical activity score (r = 0.583, P < 0.001) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score (r = 0.377, P = 0.040), and negatively correlated with disease duration (r = −0.382, P = 0.037). Moreover, the ALFF value in the left middle occipital gyrus of TAOs was positively correlated with visual acuity (r = 0.441, P = 0.015).ConclusionTAO patients had altered spontaneous brain activities in the left occipital lobe and bilateral precuneus. The neuropsychological aspect of the disease should be noticed during clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Effect of Adult-Onset Deafness on the Human Central Auditory System

1997 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean K. Moore ◽  
John K. Niparko ◽  
Michele R. Miller ◽  
Lucy M. Perazzo ◽  
Fred H. Linthicum
Keyword(s):  
Cell Size ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
Cochlear Nucleus ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Degenerative Change ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Consistent Difference ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Central Auditory System

Degenerative change in the central auditory system was assessed in seven subjects with profound bilateral adult-onset deafness. The degree of transneuronal atrophy was determined by measuring cell size at three levels of the brain stem auditory pathway (anteroventral cochlear nucleus, medial superior olivary nucleus, and inferior colliculus). Within subjects, the relative degree of cell shrinkage was similar across all levels of the central pathway. Across subjects, the best neuronal preservation was seen in a case of viral labyrinthitis with 1 year of bilateral deafness and a near-normal population of cochlear ganglion cells. Reduction in cell size was greatest in cases of bacterial labyrinthitis or Scheibe degeneration with reduced populations of ganglion cells and longer periods of deafness. At the level of the cochlear nucleus, there was no consistent difference in cell size between the side stimulated by a functioning prosthetic device and the nonstimulated side.

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