scholarly journals Modeling the relative role of human mobility, land-use and climate factors on dengue outbreak emergence in Sri Lanka

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Jefferson Riera ◽  
Kayla Ostrow ◽  
Sauleh Siddiqui ◽  
Harendra de Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Vector Control ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Relative Role ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Dengue Outbreak

AbstractBackgroundMore than 80,000 dengue cases including 215 deaths were reported nationally in less than seven months between 2016-2017, a fourfold increase in the number of reported cases compared to the average number over 2010-2016. The region of Negombo, located in the Western province, experienced the greatest number of dengue cases in the country and is the focus area of our study, where we aim to capture the spatial-temporal dynamics of dengue transmission.MethodsWe present a statistical modeling framework to evaluate the spatial-temporal dynamics of the 2016-2017 dengue outbreak in the Negombo region of Sri Lanka as a function of human mobility, land-use, and climate patterns. The analysis was conducted at a 1 km × 1 km spatial resolution and a weekly temporal resolution.ResultsOur results indicate human mobility to be a stronger indicator for local outbreak clusters than land-use or climate variables. The minimum daily temperature was identified as the most influential climate variable on dengue cases in the region; while among the set of land-use patterns considered, urban areas were found to be most prone to dengue outbreak, followed by areas with stagnant water and then coastal areas. The results are shown to be robust across spatial resolutions.ConclusionsOur study highlights the potential value of using travel data to target vector control within a region. In addition to illustrating the relative relationship between various potential risk factors for dengue outbreaks, the results of our study can be used to inform where and when new cases of dengue are likely to occur within a region, and thus help more effectively and innovatively, plan for disease surveillance and vector control.

scholarly journals Modeling the relative role of human mobility, land-use and climate factors on dengue outbreak emergence in Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Jefferson Riera ◽  
Kayla Ostrow ◽  
Sauleh Siddiqui ◽  
Harendra de Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Relative Role ◽  
Climate Factors ◽  
Dengue Outbreak

scholarly journals ANÁLISE DAS VARIAÇÕES ESPACIAIS NO MUNICÍPIO DE PONTAL DO PARANÁ (PARANÁ – BRASIL), ENTRE OS ANOS DE 1980 e 2032 DECORRENTES DA INSTALAÇÃO DO COMPLEXO PORTUÁRIO

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 263-290
Author(s):  
Jean Jesus Ilsuk da Silva ◽  
Sony Cortese Caneparo
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Predictive Modeling ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Future ◽  
Clark University ◽  
Spatio Temporal

O município de Pontal do Paraná está localizado no litoral do estado do Paraná, na região sul do Brasil. Em 1995, foi aí instalado o Porto de Pontal Importação e Exportação LTDA e, em 2013, foi aprovada a licença ambiental para a construção de um complexo portuário neste município. Tal obra se apresenta como um desafio, devido ao potencial que o mesmo apresenta em produzir impactos ambientais e mudanças nos padrões de uso da terra.Essa pesquisa objetiva analisar as mudanças espaciais que podem ocorrer futuramente no uso da terra e na cobertura vegetal em Pontal do Paraná (2032), em virtude da instalação deste complexo. Foram utilizadas rotinas de sistemas de informações geográficas, inseridas no IDRISI TAIGA, da Clark University, dentre elas se destacam a  Cadeia de Markov e os Autômatos Celulares para a geração do cenário futuro. O resultado da modelagem preditiva (2032), em função da expansão portuária, foi um aumento nas áreas urbanas, fator que poderia impactar diretamente as áreas de Restingas, de Mangues e da Floresta Ombrófila Densa. O presente trabalho revelou que o uso da modelagem preditiva pode ser uma ferramenta bastante útil para a avaliação e interpretação de cenários futuros. Palavras-chave: Modelagem Preditiva; Ambiente Litorâneo; Dinâmica Espaço-Temporal.   ANALYSIS OF SPACE VARIATIONS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF PONTAL DO PARANÁ (PARANÁ - BRAZIL), BETWEEN 1980 AND 2032 ARISING FROM THE PORT COMPLEX INSTALLATION Abstract The city of Pontal do Paraná is located on the coast of the state of Paraná, in the southern region of Brazil. In 1995, the Port of Pontal Importação e Exportação Company was installed there, and in 2013, the environmental license was approved for the installation of a port complex in this municipality. This Port presents itself as a challenge, due to its potential in producing environmental impacts and changes in land use patterns. This research aims to analyze the spatial changes that may occur in the future of land use and vegetation cover of Pontal do Paraná (2032), due to the installation of this complex. Routines of geographic information systems, inserted in the IDRISI TAIGA, of Clark University, among them, the Markov Chain and the Cellular Automatics were used to generate the future scenario. The result of predictive modeling (2032), caused by the port expansion, was an increase in urban areas, a factor that could directly impact the areas of restingas,  mangroves, and the atlantic rainforest. The present study revealed that the use of predictive modeling can be a very useful tool for the evaluation and interpretation of future scenarios. Keywords: Predictive Modeling; Coastal Environment; Spatio-Temporal Dynamics.   ANÁLISIS DE LAS VARIACIONES ESPACIALES EN EL MUNICIPIO DE PONTAL DO PARANÁ (PARANÁ - BRASIL), ENTRE LOS AÑOS 1980 Y 2032 RESULTANTE DE LA INSTALACIÓN DEL COMPLEJO PORTUARIO Resumen El municipio de Pontal do Paraná está ubicado en la costa del estado de Paraná, en la región sur de Brasil. En 1995, se instaló el Puerto de Importación y Exportación de Pontal Ltd. y, en 2013, se aprobó el permiso ambiental para la construcción de un complejo portuario en este municipio. Esta obra se presenta como un desafío, debido a la posibilidad  de producir impactos ambientales y cambios en los patrones de uso de la tierra. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los cambios espaciales que puedan ocurrir en el futuro uso de la tierra y la vegetación en el Pontal do Paraná (2032), debido a la instalación de este complejo. Las rutinas se utilizan sistemas de información geográfica, insertado en el IDRISI TAIGA, Clark University, entre ellos se encuentran la Cadena de Markov y Autómatas Celulares para la generación de escenarios futuros. Los resultados de la modelización predictiva (2032), dependiendo de la expansión de lo puerto, fue un aumento en las zonas urbanas, un factor que podría tener un impacto directo sobre las áreas de Restinga, Manglares y Bosque Ombrophilous Denso. El presente estudio demostró que el uso de modelado predictivo puede ser una herramienta muy útil para la evaluación e interpretación de escenarios futuros. Palabras clave: Modelado Predictivo; Costero; Dinámica Espacio-Temporal.

IMPACTS OF URBAN LAND USE ON CRIME PATTERNS THROUGH GIS APPLICATION

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nazri Muhamad Ludin ◽  
Norsiah Abd. Aziz ◽  
Nooraini Hj Yusoff ◽  
Wan Juliyana Wan Abd Razak
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Land Use Patterns

Land use planning plays a crucial role in creating a balance between the needs of society, physical development and the ecosystem. However, most often poor planning and displacement of land uses particularly in urban areas contribute to social ills such as drug abuse and criminal activities. This research explains the spatial relationship of drug abuse and other criminal activities on urban land use planning and their implications on the society at large. Spatial statistics was used to show patterns, trends and spatial relationships of crimes and land use planning. Data on crime incidents were obtained from the Royal Malaysia Police Department whilst cases of drug abuse were collected from the National Anti-Drug Agency (AADK). Analysis of the data together with digital land use maps produced by Arnpang Jaya Municipal Council, showed the distribution of crime incidents and drug abuse in the area. Findings of the study also indicated that, there was a strong relationship between petty crimes, drng abuse and land use patterns. These criminal activities tend to concentrate in residential and commercial areas of the study area.

scholarly journals Modeling Community-Scale Natural Resource Use in a Transboundary Southern African Landscape: Integrating Remote Sensing and Participatory Mapping

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 631
Author(s):  
Kyle D. Woodward ◽  
Narcisa G. Pricope ◽  
Forrest R. Stevens ◽  
Andrea E. Gaughan ◽  
Nicholas E. Kolarik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Systems Science ◽  
Participatory Mapping ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Human Habitation

Remote sensing analyses focused on non-timber forest product (NTFP) collection and grazing are current research priorities of land systems science. However, mapping these particular land use patterns in rural heterogeneous landscapes is challenging because their potential signatures on the landscape cannot be positively identified without fine-scale land use data for validation. Using field-mapped resource areas and household survey data from participatory mapping research, we combined various Landsat-derived indices with ancillary data associated with human habitation to model the intensity of grazing and NTFP collection activities at 100-m spatial resolution. The study area is situated centrally within a transboundary southern African landscape that encompasses community-based organization (CBO) areas across three countries. We conducted four iterations of pixel-based random forest models, modifying the variable set to determine which of the covariates are most informative, using the best fit predictions to summarize and compare resource use intensity by resource type and across communities. Pixels within georeferenced, field-mapped resource areas were used as training data. All models had overall accuracies above 60% but those using proxies for human habitation were more robust, with overall accuracies above 90%. The contribution of Landsat data as utilized in our modeling framework was negligible, and further research must be conducted to extract greater value from Landsat or other optical remote sensing platforms to map these land use patterns at moderate resolution. We conclude that similar population proxy covariates should be included in future studies attempting to characterize communal resource use when traditional spectral signatures do not adequately capture resource use intensity alone. This study provides insights into modeling resource use activity when leveraging both remotely sensed data and proxies for human habitation in heterogeneous, spectrally mixed rural land areas.

Spatiotemporal Pattern Analysis of Rapid Urban Expansion Using GIS and Remote Sensing

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Joong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Spatiotemporal Pattern ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Modeling Studies

Rapidly growing urban areas tend to reveal distinctive spatial and temporal variations of land use/land cover in a locally urbanized environment. In this article, the author analyzes urban growth phenomena at a local scale by employing Geographic Information Systems, remotely sensed image data from 1984, 1994, and 2004, and landscape shape index. Since spatial patterns of land use/land cover changes in small urban areas are not fully examined by the current GIS-based modeling studies or simulation applications, the major objective of this research is to identify and examine the spatial and temporal dynamics of land use changes of urban growth at a local scale. Analytical results demonstrate that sizes, locations, and shapes of new developments are spatio-temporally associated with their landscape variations and major transportation arteries. The key findings from this study contribute to GIS-based urban growth modeling studies and urban planning practices for local communities.

SOME SURVEYING AND MAPPING ASPECTS OF LAND-USE PLANNING

1962 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 248-254
Author(s):  
N. L. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Block Methods ◽  
Surveying And Mapping

In recording actual land use field-by-field or block-by-block methods can be applied either to detailed maps or to aerial photographs. In land-use mapping the usual scales are 1:25,000 for urban areas, 1:50,000 for densely settled areas with complex land-use patterns, and 1:250,000 for sparsely settled areas. In preparation of the map manuscript the base sheet used is of the material known as cronaflex and the transfer and reduction of information is achieved by use of the “reflex map reducer” a device invented by a geographer on the staff of the Geographical Branch.

scholarly journals Exploring the Spatial and Temporal Relationship between Air Quality and Urban Land-Use Patterns Based on an Integrated Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-An Ku
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Temporal Relationship ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Mitigation Planning

The deterioration of air quality in urban areas is often closely related to urbanization, as this has led to a significant increase in energy consumption and the massive emission of air pollutants, thereby exacerbating the current state of air pollution. However, the relationship between urban development and air quality is complex, thus making it difficult to be analyzed using traditional methods. In this paper, a framework integrating spatial analysis and statistical methods (based on 170 regression models) is developed to explore the spatial and temporal relationship between urban land use patterns and air quality, aiming to provide solid information for mitigation planning. The thresholds for the influence of urban patterns are examined using different buffer zones. In addition, the differences in the effects of various types of land use pattern on air quality were also explored. The results show that there were significant differences between 1999 and 2013 with regards to the correlations between land use patterns and air pollutant concentrations. Among all land uses, forest, water and built-up areas were proved to influence concentrations the most. It is suggested that the developed framework should be applied further in the real-world mitigation planning decision-making process

scholarly journals An innovative modeling approach of linking land use patterns with soil antibiotic contamination in peri-urban areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 105327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangkai Zhao ◽  
Liding Chen ◽  
Haw Yen ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
Long Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Modeling Approach

Detecting the Development of Land Use Patterns for Building in Urban Areas by Using High Resolution Image

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
A Amar
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Spatial Image ◽  
Use Patterns

This study aimed at obtaining factual information and overview to the development of land use patterns for buildings in urban areas by interval time period, both spatially and aspatially, by utilizing high-resolution satellite photo image (high resolution spatial image) combined with field observations. This research used survey method approach. The data of this study consisted of primary and secondary data classified into spatial and aspatial data in the form of time series obtained through documents recording techniques, field observations, previous mapping sources, as well as depth interviews. The analysis technique used Image Processing Analysis through programs and software Arc View. The result of research showed that there was a quite rapid development of land use patterns for building in Palu within the last 50 years (≤ 1970 till 2010) It had building addition in 65,173 units (82.28%), from 14,032 units in ≤1970 to 79,205 units in 2010, and the addition of extensive use of land for building was 4723.52 ha (89.06%), from 516.98 ha in ≤ 1970 to 4723.52 ha in 2010. The development level of land use patterns for building was getting along with the size of distribution and population growth in Palu.

scholarly journals Pre-event water contributions and streamwater residence times in different land use settings of the transboundary mesoscale Lužická Nisa catchment

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Šanda ◽  
Pavlína Sedlmaierová ◽  
Tomáš Vitvar ◽  
Christina Seidler ◽  
Matthias Kändler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Residence Times ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Agricultural Catchments ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Land Use Control

AbstractThe objective of the study was to evaluate the spatial distribution of peakflow pre-event water contributions and streamwater residence times with emphasis on land use patterns in 38 subcatchments within the 687 km2large mesoscale transboundary catchment Lužická Nisa. Mean residence times between 8 and 27 months and portions of pre-event water between 10 and 97% on a storm event peakflow were determined, using18O data in precipitation and streamwater from a weekly monitoring of nearly two years. Only a small tracer variation buffering effect of the lowland tributaries on the main stem was observed, indicating the dominant impact on the mountainous headwaters on the runoff generation. Longest mean streamwater residence times of 27 months were identified in the nearly natural headwaters of the Jizera Mountains, revealing no ambiguous correlation between the catchment area and altitude and the mean residence time of streamwater. Land use control on the pre-event water portions were determined for three land use categories with percentage of urban areas from 0 to 10%, 10 to 20% and more than 20%. The fraction of pre-event water in the first category decreases from 97% to 65% with the increasing percentage of forest from 76% to 100%, revealing that forests may provide only a limited infiltration of precipitation due to leaf interception and soil water use for transpiration. Fractions of pre-event water of 39–87% in the second (agricultural catchments) and of 10–35% in the third (urbanized catchments) category increase with percentage of non-urban areas.

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