scholarly journals Study of the AMP-activated protein kinase role in energy metabolism changes during the postmortem aging of yak longissimus lumborum

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayuan Yang ◽  
Ling Han ◽  
Qunli Yu ◽  
Yongfang Gao ◽  
Rende Song
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Postmortem Aging ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum ◽  
Ampk Activity ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase

AbstractTo explore the postmortem physiological mechanism of muscle, activity of adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) as well as its role in energy metabolism of postmortem yaks were studied. In this experiment, we injected 5-amino-1-beta-d-furanonyl imidazole-4-formamide (AICAR), a specific activator of AMPK, and the specific AMPK inhibitor STO-609, to observe the changes in glycolysis, energy metabolism, AMPK activity and AMPK gene expression (PRKA1 and PRKA2) in postmortem yaks during maturation. The results showed that AICAR could increase the expression of the PRKKA1 and PRKAA2 genes, activate AMPK and increase its activity. The effects of AICAR include a lower concentration of ATP, an increase in AMP production, an acceleration of glycolysis, an increase in the lactic acid concentration, and a decrease in the pH value. In contrast, STO-609 had the opposite effect. Under hypoxic adaptation, the activity of the meat AMPK increased, which accelerated glycolysis and metabolism, and more effectively regulated energy production.

scholarly journals Study of the AMP-activated Protein Kinase Role in Energy Metabolism Changes during the Postmortem Aging of Yak Longissimus dorsal

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 427
Author(s):  
Yayuan Yang ◽  
Ling Han ◽  
Qunli Yu ◽  
Yongfang Gao ◽  
Rende Song
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Theoretical System ◽  
Postmortem Aging ◽  
Ampk Activity ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase

To explore the postmortem physiological mechanism of muscle, activity of adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) as well as its role in energy metabolism of postmortem yaks were studied. In this experiment, we injected 5-amino-1-beta-d-furanonyl imidazole-4-formamide (AICAR), a specific activator of AMPK, and STO-609 to observe the changes in glycolysis, energy metabolism, AMPK activity, and AMPK gene expression (PRKA1 and PRKA2) in postmortem yaks during maturation. The results showed that AICAR could increase the expression of the PRKKA1 and PRKAA2 genes, activate AMPK and increase its activity. The effects of AICAR include a lower concentration of ATP, an increase in AMP production, an acceleration of glycolysis, an increase in the lactic acid concentration, and a decrease in the pH value. In contrast, STO-609 had the opposite effect. Under hypoxic adaptation, the activity of the meat AMPK increased, which accelerated glycolysis and metabolism and more effectively regulated energy metabolism. Therefore, this study lays the foundation for establishing a theoretical system of energy metabolism in postmortem yak meat.

Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) modifies energy metabolism via 5′ AMP-activated protein kinase signalling in malignant cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 476 (15) ◽  
pp. 2255-2269 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Austin ◽  
Rosalind E. Jenkins ◽  
Gemma M. Austin ◽  
Mark A. Glenn ◽  
Karen Dunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Phosphatase ◽  
Protein Phosphatase 2A ◽  
K562 Cells ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Malignant Cells ◽  
Phosphatase 2A ◽  
Ampk Activity ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase

Abstract Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) is an adverse biomarker across many malignancies. Using K562 cells engineered to have high or low CIP2A expression, we show that high CIP2A levels significantly bias cellular energy production towards oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) rather than glycolysis. Mass spectrometric analysis of CIP2A interactors and isobaric tagging for relative and absolute protein quantitation (ITRAQ) experiments identified many associated proteins, several of which co-vary with CIP2A level. Many of these CIP2A associating and co-varying proteins are involved in energy metabolism including OXPHOS, or in 5′ AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signalling, and manipulating AMPK activity mimics the effects of low/high CIP2A on OXPHOS. These effects are dependent on the availability of nutrients, driven by metabolic changes caused by CIP2A. CIP2A level did not affect starvation-induced AMPK phosphorylation of Unc-51 autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK-1) at Ser555, but autophagy activity correlated with an increase in AMPK activity, to suggest that some AMPK processes are uncoupled by CIP2A, likely via its inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). The data demonstrate that AMPK mediates this novel CIP2A effect on energy generation in malignant cells.

Role of AMP-activated protein kinase in healthy and diseased hearts

2006 ◽  
Vol 291 (6) ◽  
pp. H2557-H2569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vernon W. Dolinsky ◽  
Jason R. B. Dyck
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Cardiac Myocyte ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Ampk Activation ◽  
Cardiac Energy Metabolism ◽  
Ampk Activity ◽  
Cardiac Energy ◽  
Metabolic Stresses ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase

The heart is capable of utilizing a variety of substrates to produce the necessary ATP for cardiac function. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has emerged as a key regulator of cellular energy homeostasis and coordinates multiple catabolic and anabolic pathways in the heart. During times of acute metabolic stresses, cardiac AMPK activation seems to be primarily involved in increasing energy-generating pathways to maintain or restore intracellular ATP levels. In acute situations such as mild ischemia or short durations of severe ischemia, activation of cardiac AMPK appears to be necessary for cardiac myocyte function and survival by stimulating ATP generation via increased glycolysis and accelerated fatty acid oxidation. Whereas AMPK activation may be essential for adaptation of cardiac energy metabolism to acute and/or minor metabolic stresses, it is unknown whether AMPK activation becomes maladaptive in certain chronic disease states and/or extreme energetic stresses. However, alterations in cardiac AMPK activity are associated with a number of cardiovascular-related diseases such as pathological cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial ischemia, glycogen storage cardiomyopathy, and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, suggesting the possibility of a maladaptive role. Although the precise role AMPK plays in the diseased heart is still in question, it is clear that AMPK is a major regulator of cardiac energy metabolism. The consequences of alterations in AMPK activity and subsequent cardiac energy metabolism in the healthy and the diseased heart will be discussed.

Selective suppression of AMP-activated protein kinase in skeletal muscle: update on ‘lazy mice’

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 236-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mu ◽  
E.R. Barton ◽  
M.J. Birnbaum
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Transcription Profile ◽  
Selective Suppression ◽  
Ampk Activity ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is becoming recognized as a critical regulator of energy metabolism in cells. Using a mouse model in which we specifically blocked AMPK activity in muscles, we have demonstrated that activation of AMPK is necessary for the effects of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside (‘AICAR’) and hypoxia, and is possibly required for a portion of exercise-induced glucose uptake. These same mice could not maintain sufficient glycogen in their skeletal muscle and it was rapidly depleted when the animals were subjected to mild exercise. Using isolated strips, we observed muscle hypertrophy and increased tiredness in the AMPK-deficient muscle. We also performed microarray analysis and showed dramatic changes of transcription profile in muscles of the lazy mice. These could have a significant impact on muscle function and may contribute to the observed phenotype.

scholarly journals Glucose regulates AMP-activated protein kinase activity and gene expression in clonal, hypothalamic neurons expressing proopiomelanocortin: additive effects of leptin or insulin

2007 ◽  
Vol 192 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Cai ◽  
Armen V Gyulkhandanyan ◽  
Michael B Wheeler ◽  
Denise D Belsham
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Protein Kinase Activity ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Ampk Activity ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase

The mammalian hypothalamus comprises an array of phenotypically distinct cell types that interpret peripheral signals of energy status and, in turn, elicits an appropriate response to maintain energy homeostasis. We used a clonal representative hypothalamic cell model expressing proopiomelanocortin (POMC; N-43/5) to study changes in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity and glucose responsiveness. We have demonstrated the presence of cellular machinery responsible for glucose sensing in the cell line, including glucokinase, glucose transporters, and appropriate ion channels. ATP-sensitive potassium channels were functional and responded to glucose. The N-43/5 POMC neurons may therefore be an appropriate cell model to study glucose-sensing mechanisms in the hypothalamus. In N-43/5 POMC neurons, increasing glucose concentrations decreased phospho-AMPK activity. As a relevant downstream effect, we found that POMC transcription increased with 2.8 and 16.7 mM glucose. Upon addition of leptin, with either no glucose or with 5 mM glucose, we found that leptin decreased AMPK activity in N-43/5 POMC neurons, but had no significant effect at 25 mM glucose, whereas insulin decreased AMPK activity at only 5 mM glucose. These results demonstrate that individual hypothalamic neuronal cell types, such as the POMC neuron, can have distinct responses to peripheral signals that relay energy status to the brain, and will therefore be activated uniquely to control neuroendocrine function.

scholarly journals Adrenaline is a critical mediator of acute exercise-induced AMP-activated protein kinase activation in adipocytes

2007 ◽  
Vol 403 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho-Jin Koh ◽  
Michael F. Hirshman ◽  
Huamei He ◽  
Yangfeng Li ◽  
Yasuko Manabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinase Activity ◽  
Chronic Exercise ◽  
Rat Adipocytes ◽  
Compound C ◽  
Isolated Adipocytes ◽  
Ampk Activity ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase

Exercise increases AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) activity in human and rat adipocytes, but the underlying molecular mechanisms and functional consequences of this activation are not known. Since adrenaline (epinephrine) concentrations increase with exercise, in the present study we hypothesized that adrenaline activates AMPK in adipocytes. We show that a single bout of exercise increases AMPKα1 and α2 activities and ACC (acetyl-CoA carboxylase) Ser79 phosphorylation in rat adipocytes. Similarly to exercise, adrenaline treatment in vivo increased AMPK activities and ACC phosphorylation. Pre-treatment of rats with the β-blocker propranolol fully blocked exercise-induced AMPK activation. Increased AMPK activity with exercise and adrenaline treatment in vivo was accompanied by an increased AMP/ATP ratio. Adrenaline incubation of isolated adipocytes also increased the AMP/ATP ratio and AMPK activities, an effect blocked by propranolol. Adrenaline incubation increased lipolysis in isolated adipocytes, and Compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, attenuated this effect. Finally, a potential role for AMPK in the decreased adiposity associated with chronic exercise was suggested by marked increases in AMPKα1 and α2 activities in adipocytes from rats trained for 6 weeks. In conclusion, both acute and chronic exercise are significant regulators of AMPK activity in rat adipocytes. Our findings suggest that adrenaline plays a critical role in exercise-stimulated AMPKα1 and α2 activities in adipocytes, and that AMPK can function in the regulation of lipolysis.

AMPK activation with AICAR provokes an acute fall in plasma [K+]

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (1) ◽  
pp. C126-C135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Zheng ◽  
Anjana Perianayagam ◽  
Donna H. Lee ◽  
M. Douglas Brannan ◽  
Li E. Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Infusion Rate ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Ampk Activation ◽  
Conscious Rats ◽  
Significant Fall ◽  
Ampk Phosphorylation ◽  
Atp Levels ◽  
Ampk Activity ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), activated by an increase in intracellular AMP-to-ATP ratio, stimulates pathways that can restore ATP levels. We tested the hypothesis that AMPK activation influences extracellular fluid (ECF) K+ homeostasis. In conscious rats, AMPK was activated with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR) infusion: 38.4 mg/kg bolus then 4 mg·kg−1·min−1 infusion. Plasma [K+] and [glucose] both dropped at 1 h of AICAR infusion and [K+] dropped to 3.3 ± 0.04 mM by 3 h, linearly related to the increase in muscle AMPK phosphorylation. AICAR treatment did not increase urinary K+ excretion. AICAR lowered [K+] whether plasma [K+] was chronically elevated or lowered. The K+ infusion rate needed to maintain baseline plasma [K+] reached 15.7 ± 1.3 μmol K+·kg−1·min−1 between 120 and 180 min AICAR infusion. In mice expressing a dominant inhibitory form of AMPK in the muscle (Tg-KD1), baseline [K+] was not different from controls (4.2 ± 0.1 mM), but the fall in plasma [K+] in response to AICAR (0.25 g/kg) was blunted: [K+] fell to 3.6 ± 0.1 in controls and to 3.9 ± 0.1 mM in Tg-KD1, suggesting that ECF K+ redistributes, at least in part, to muscle ICF. In summary, these findings illustrate that activation of AMPK activity with AICAR provokes a significant fall in plasma [K+] and suggest a novel mechanism for redistributing K+ from ECF to ICF.

scholarly journals Ωρίμανση ωοκυττάρων in vitro

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ολυμπία Πικίου
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Tuberous Sclerosis ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphate ◽  
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase

Η μετφορμίνη, ένα παράγωγο της διγουανίδης, χρησιμοποιείται ως θεραπεία του σακχαρώδη διαβήτη τύπου 2 και στη θεραπεία του PCOS. Οι κύριες δράσεις της μετφορμίνης είναι η αναστολή της παραγωγής γλυκόζης από το ήπαρ και η μείωση της αντίστασης στην ινσουλίνη από περιφερικούς ιστούς, οδηγώντας σε αυξημένη πρόσληψη και χρήση της γλυκόζης από τους σκελετικούς μυς. Ο κύριος διαμεσολαβητής της δράσης της μετφορμίνης είναι η AMPK [AMP-activated protein kinase: πρωτεϊνική κινάση που ενεργοποιείται από την AMP (μονοφωσφορική αδενοσίνη)]. Η AMPK είναι ο κεντρικός αισθητήρας των επιπέδων ενέργειας στο κύτταρο, ο οποίος ανταποκρίνεται στην αύξηση του λόγου AMP/ATP (adenosine monophosphate/adenosine triphosphate: μονοφωσφορική/τριφωσφορική αδενοσίνη). Μελέτες σε ωοκύτταρα βοοειδών έχουν δείξει ότι η ενεργοποίηση της AMPK από τη μετφορμίνη σε υψηλές συγκεντρώσεις της τάξεως των mM ελέγχει την πυρηνική ωρίμανση. Το TSC2 (tuberous sclerosis complex 2: σύμπλεγμα οζώδους σκλήρυνσης 2) έχει αναγνωριστεί ως ο κατωφερής στόχος της AMPK. Σκοπός της παρούσης μελέτης ήταν η διερεύνηση της επίδρασης χαμηλών συγκεντρώσεων μετφορμίνης (1nM-10μΜ) (i) στη δημιουργία εμβρύων βοοειδών από συμπλέγματα ωοκυττάρου-ωοφόρου δίσκου, (ii) το ρυθμό διαίρεσης των εμβρύων και, (iii) την πιθανή ενεργοποίηση του TSC2 μέσω της AMPK. Τα συμπλέγματα ωοκυττάρου-ωοφόρου δίσκου ωρίμαζαν in vitro, γονιμοποιούνταν με αναβιωμένα σπερματοζωάρια ταύρου και τα ζυγωτά καλλιεργούνταν συνολικά για 72 ώρες μετά τη σπερματέγχυση. Η μετφορμίνη χορηγήθηκε σε όλα τα στάδια της παραγωγής των εμβρύων ή μόνο κατά το στάδιο της γονιμοποίησης. Προκειμένου να διερευνηθεί η παρουσία της TSC2 κατά τα πρώτα στάδια ανάπτυξης των εμβρύων και η πιθανή ενεργοποίηση του μορίου αυτού μέσω της AMPK πραγματοποιήθηκαν πειράματα ανοσοφθορισμού. Σύμφωνα με τα αποτελέσματα μας, η χορήγηση της μετφορμίνης είχε δοσο-εξαρτώμενη επίδραση στο ρυθμό διαίρεσης των εμβρύων. Συγκεκριμένα, παρουσία μετφορμίνης σε όλα τα στάδια της in vitro παραγωγής εμβρύων σε συγκέντρωση 1μΜ και 10μΜ ή μόνο στο στάδιο της in vitro γονιμοποίησης σε συγκέντρωση 0,1μΜ και 10μΜ, το ποσοστό των εμβρύων που έφτασαν στο στάδιο των ≥8-κυττάρων παρουσίασε στατιστικώς σημαντική μείωση, σε σχέση με αυτό της ομάδας ελέγχου. Η μείωση αυτή στο ποσοστό των εμβρύων ≥8-κυττάρων συνοδεύτηκε από αύξηση του ποσοστού των εμβρύων 2-κυττάρων. Η μετφορμίνη δεν είχε καμία επίδραση στο ποσοστό των ωοκυττάρων που εξελίχθηκαν σε έμβρυα. Σύμφωνα με τα αποτελέσματα μας, το TSC2 εκφράζεται κατά τα πρώτα στάδια ανάπτυξης των εμβρύων βοοειδών. Επιπλέον διαπιστώθηκε ότι, η χορήγηση 10μΜ μετφορμίνης είτε σε όλα τα στάδια της in vitro παραγωγής εμβρύων ή μόνο κατά το στάδιο της in vitro γονιμοποίησης είχε ως αποτέλεσμα την ενεργοποίηση του TSC2 μέσω της AMPK. Συγκεκριμένα διαπιστώθηκε ότι, τα επίπεδα του φωσφορυλιωμένου TSC2, μετά τη χορήγηση μετφορμίνης, αντιστοιχούν στην ολική ποσότητα TSC2 πρωτεΐνης στα κύτταρα γεγονός που προκύπτει τόσο από την αύξηση της PhosphoS1387-TSC2-ανοσοδραστικότητας όσο και από την αύξηση του λόγου PhosphoS1387-TSC2 : ολική TSC2 η οποία παρατηρήθηκε. Τα αποτελέσματα της παρούσης διατριβής υποδεικνύουν για πρώτη φορά ότι, η μετφορμίνη δεν έχει καμία επίδραση στο ποσοστό των ωοκυττάρων που εξελίσσονται σε έμβρυα και κατά συνέπεια δεν επηρεάζει την ωρίμανση των ωοκυττάρων όταν χορηγείται σε συγκεντρώσεις της τάξεως των μM. Εντούτοις, η μετφορμίνη σε αυτές τις συγκεντρώσεις έχει αρνητική δοσο-εξαρτώμενη επίδραση στο ρυθμό διαίρεσης των εμβρύων βοοειδών. Η δράση αυτή της μετφορμίνης στο ρυθμό διαίρεσης των εμβρύων είναι η ίδια είτε το φάρμακο χορηγείται καθ' όλη τη διάρκεια της in vitro παραγωγής των εμβρύων είτε μόνο κατά το στάδιο της in vitro γονιμοποίησης. Επιπλέον, δεδομένου ότι η μετφορμίνη είναι ενεργοποιητής της ΑΜΡΚ, τα αποτελέσματα μας σηματοδοτούν τη σπουδαιότητα της ρύθμισης της δραστηριότητας της ΑΜΡΚ κατά τα πρώτα στάδια ανάπτυξης των εμβρύων και δείχνουν ότι κάθε μεταβολή των επιπέδων δραστηριότητας του ενζύμου αυτού μπορεί να έχει αρνητική επίδραση στην ανάπτυξη των εμβρύων. Τέλος, από τα αποτελέσματα μας μπορεί να συναχθεί ότι το μοριακό μονοπάτι το οποίο εμπλέκεται στη μείωση του ρυθμού διαίρεσης των εμβρύων από τη μετφορμίνη περιλαμβάνει την ενεργοποίηση του TSC2 από την ΑΜΡΚ.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Role of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in the Regulation of Glucose-Activated Gene Expression Using Constitutively Active and Dominant Negative Forms of the Kinase

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 6704-6711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Woods ◽  
Dalila Azzout-Marniche ◽  
Marc Foretz ◽  
Silvie C. Stein ◽  
Patricia Lemarchand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Ampk Activity ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Constitutively Active

ABSTRACT In the liver, glucose induces the expression of a number of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism, e.g., those encoding L-type pyruvate kinase and fatty acid synthase. Recent evidence has indicated a role for the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the inhibition of glucose-activated gene expression in hepatocytes. It remains unclear, however, whether AMPK is involved in the glucose induction of these genes. In order to study further the role of AMPK in regulating gene expression, we have generated two mutant forms of AMPK. One of these (α1312) acts as a constitutively active kinase, while the other (α1DN) acts as a dominant negative inhibitor of endogenous AMPK. We have used adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to express these mutants in primary rat hepatocytes in culture in order to determine their effect on AMPK activity and the transcription of glucose-activated genes. Expression of α1312 increased AMPK activity in hepatocytes and blocked completely the induction of a number of glucose-activated genes in response to 25 mM glucose. This effect is similar to that observed following activation of AMPK by 5-amino-imidazolecarboxamide riboside. Expression of α1DN markedly inhibited both basal and stimulated activity of endogenous AMPK but had no effect on the transcription of glucose-activated genes. Our results suggest that AMPK is involved in the inhibition of glucose-activated gene expression but not in the induction pathway. This study demonstrates that the two mutants we have described will provide valuable tools for studying the wider physiological role of AMPK.

Physiological modulation of CFTR activity by AMP-activated protein kinase in polarized T84 cells

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (5) ◽  
pp. C1297-C1308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth R. Hallows ◽  
Gary P. Kobinger ◽  
James M. Wilson ◽  
Lee A. Witters ◽  
J. Kevin Foskett
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Basolateral Membrane ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
T84 Cells ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
Polarized Epithelia ◽  
Ampk Activity ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a cAMP-activated, ATP-gated Cl− channel and cellular conductance regulator, but the detailed mechanisms of CFTR regulation and its regulation of other transport proteins remain obscure. We previously identified the metabolic sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) as a novel protein interacting with CFTR and found that AMPK phosphorylated CFTR and inhibited CFTR-dependent whole cell conductances when coexpressed with CFTR in Xenopus oocytes. To address the physiological relevance of the CFTR-AMPK interaction, we have now studied polarized epithelia and have evaluated the localization of endogenous AMPK and CFTR and measured CFTR activity with modulation of AMPK activity. By immunofluorescent imaging, AMPK and CFTR share an overlapping apical distribution in several rat epithelial tissues, including nasopharynx, submandibular gland, pancreas, and ileum. CFTR-dependent short-circuit currents ( Isc ) were measured in polarized T84 cells grown on permeable supports, and several independent methods were used to modulate endogenous AMPK activity. Activation of endogenous AMPK with the cell-permeant adenosine analog 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR) inhibited forskolin-stimulated CFTR-dependent I sc in nonpermeabilized monolayers and monolayers with nystatin permeabilization of the basolateral membrane. Raising intracellular AMP concentration in monolayers with basolateral membranes permeabilized with α-toxin also inhibited CFTR, an effect that was unrelated to adenosine receptors. Finally, overexpression of a kinase-dead mutant AMPK-α1 subunit (α1-K45R) enhanced forskolin-stimulated I sc in polarized T84 monolayers, consistent with a dominant-negative reduction in the inhibition of CFTR by endogenous AMPK. These results indicate that AMPK plays a physiological role in modulating CFTR activity in polarized epithelia and suggest a novel paradigm for the coupling of ion transport to cellular metabolism.

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