scholarly journals The genome of a subterrestrial nematode reveals an evolutionary strategy for adaptation to heat

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah J. Weinstein ◽  
Sarah E. Allen ◽  
Maggie C. Y. Lau ◽  
Mariana Erasmus ◽  
Kathryn C. Asalone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽  
Heat Shock Proteins ◽  
Evolutionary Strategy ◽  
Adaptation To Heat ◽  
Heterotrophic Prokaryotes ◽  
Shock Proteins

AbstractThe nematode Halicephalobus mephisto was originally discovered inhabiting a deep terrestrial aquifer 1.3 km underground. H. mephisto can thrive under conditions of abiotic stress including heat and minimal oxygen, where it feeds on a community of both chemolithotrophic and heterotrophic prokaryotes in an unusual ecosystem isolated from the surface biosphere. Here we report the comprehensive genome and transcriptome of this organism, identifying a signature of adaptation: an expanded repertoire of 70 kilodalton heat-shock proteins (Hsp70) and avrRpt2 induced gene 1 (AIG1) proteins. We find that positive selection has driven the expansion of Hsp70 genes, which are also transcriptionally induced upon growth under heat stress. We further show that AIG1 may have been acquired by horizontal gene transfer (HGT) from a rhizobial fungus. Over one-third of the genes of H. mephisto are novel, highlighting the divergence of this nematode from other sequenced organisms. This work sheds light on the genomic strategies of adaptation to heat in the first complete subterrestrial eukaryotic genome.

scholarly journals The genome of a subterrestrial nematode reveals adaptations to heat

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah J. Weinstein ◽  
Sarah E. Allen ◽  
Maggie C. Y. Lau ◽  
Mariana Erasmus ◽  
Kathryn C. Asalone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽  
Heat Shock Proteins ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Heterotrophic Prokaryotes ◽  
Shock Proteins ◽  
Genomic Basis

AbstractThe nematode Halicephalobus mephisto was originally discovered inhabiting a deep terrestrial aquifer 1.3 km underground. H. mephisto can thrive under conditions of abiotic stress including heat and minimal oxygen, where it feeds on a community of both chemolithotrophic and heterotrophic prokaryotes in an unusual ecosystem isolated from the surface biosphere. Here we report the comprehensive genome and transcriptome of this organism, identifying a signature of adaptation: an expanded repertoire of 70 kilodalton heat-shock proteins (Hsp70) and avrRpt2 induced gene 1 (AIG1) proteins. The expanded Hsp70 genes are transcriptionally induced upon growth under heat stress, and we find that positive selection is detectable in several members of this family. We further show that AIG1 may have been acquired by horizontal gene transfer (HGT) from a rhizobial fungus. Over one-third of the genes of H. mephisto are novel, highlighting the divergence of this nematode from other sequenced organisms. This work sheds light on the genomic basis of heat tolerance in a complete subterrestrial eukaryotic genome.

scholarly journals Proteomic analysis of heat shock proteins in maize (Zea mays L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Hussien Abou-Deif ◽  
Mohamed Abdel-Salam Rashed ◽  
Kamal Mohamed Khalil ◽  
Fatma El-Sayed Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Proteins ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Adverse Influence ◽  
Shock Proteins

Abstract Background Maize is one of the important cereal food crops in the world. High temperature stress causes adverse influence on plant growth. When plants are exposed to high temperatures, they produce heat shock proteins (HSPs), which may impart a generalized role in tolerance to heat stress. Proteome analysis was performed in plant to assess the changes in protein types and their expression levels under abiotic stress. The purpose of the study is to explore which proteins are involved in the response of the maize plant to heat shock treatment. Results We investigated the responses of abundant proteins of maize leaves, in an Egyptian inbred line of maize “K1”, upon heat stress through two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) on samples of maize leaf proteome. 2-DE technique was used to recognize heat-responsive protein spots using Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) and silver staining. In 2-D analysis of proteins from plants treated at 45 °C for 2 h, the results manifested 59 protein spots (4.3%) which were reproducibly detected as new spots where did not present in the control. In 2D for treated plants for 4 h, 104 protein spots (7.7%) were expressed only under heat stress. Quantification of spot intensities derived from heat treatment showed that twenty protein spots revealed clear differences between the control and the two heat treatments. Nine spots appeared with more intensity after heat treatments than the control, while four spots appeared only after heat treatments. Five spots were clearly induced after heat treatment either at 2 h or 4 h and were chosen for more analysis by LC-MSMS. They were identified as ATPase beta subunit, HSP26, HSP16.9, and unknown HSP/Chaperonin. Conclusion The results revealed that the expressive level of the four heat shock proteins that were detected in this study plays important roles to avoid heat stress in maize plants.

scholarly journals Proteome and Transcriptome Reveal Involvement of Heat Shock Proteins and Indoleacetic Acid Metabolism Process in Lentinula Edodes Thermotolerance

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 1617-1637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang-Zheng Wang ◽  
Chao-Jun Ma ◽  
Yi Luo ◽  
Sha-Sha Zhou ◽  
Yan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Proteins ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Lentinula Edodes ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Shock Proteins ◽  
Exogenous Iaa

Background/Aims: Heat stress could cause huge losses for Lentinula edodes in China and other Asian cultivation areas. Yet our understanding of mechanism how to defend to heat stress is incomplete. Methods: Using heat-tolerant and heat-sensitive strains of L. edodes, we reported a combined proteome and transcriptome analysis of L. edodes response to 40 °C heat stress for 24 h. Meanwhile, the effect of LeDnaJ on the thermotolerance and IAA (indoleacetic acid) biosynthesis in L. edodes was analyzed via the over-expression method. Results: The proteome results revealed that HSPs (heat shock proteins) such as Hsp40 (DnaJ), Hsp70, Hsp90 and key enzymes involved in tryptophan and IAA metabolism process LeTrpE, LeTrpD, LeTam-1, LeYUCCA were more highly expressed in S606 than in YS3357, demonstrating that HSPs and tryptophan as well as IAA metabolism pathway should play an important role in thermotolerance. Over-expression of LeDnaJ gene in S606 strains showed better tolerance to heat stress. It was also documented that intracellular IAA accumulation of S606 (8-fold up) was more than YS3357 (2-fold up), and exogenous IAA enhanced L. edodes tolerance to heat stress. Conclusion: Our data support the interest of LeTrpE, LeDnaJ, tryptophan and IAA could play a pivotal role in enhancing organism thermotolerance.

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