scholarly journals A reverse chemical ecology approach to explore wood natural durability

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perrot Thomas ◽  
Salzet Guillaume ◽  
Amusant Nadine ◽  
Beauchene Jacques ◽  
Gérardin Philippe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Ecology ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Glutathione Transferases ◽  
Natural Durability ◽  
Model Combining ◽  
Wood Extracts ◽  
Detoxification Systems ◽  
Reverse Chemical Ecology

SummaryThe natural durability of wood species, defined as their inherent resistance to wood-destroying agents is a complex phenomenon depending of many biotic and abiotic factors. Besides the presence of recalcitrant polymers, the presence of compounds with antimicrobial properties is known to be important to explain wood durability. Based on the advancement in our understanding of fungal detoxification systems, a reverse chemical ecology approach was proposed to explore wood natural durability. A set of six glutathione transferases from the white-rot Trametes versicolor was used as targets to test wood extracts from seventeen French Guiana neotropical species. Fluorescent thermal shift assays allowed to quantify interactions between fungal glutathione transferases and these extracts. From these data, a model combining this approach and wood density predicts significantly wood natural durability of the tested species previously estimated by long-term soil bed tests. Overall, our findings confirm that detoxification systems could be used to explore the chemical environment encountered by wood decaying fungi and then wood natural durability.

scholarly journals A reverse chemical ecology approach to explore wood natural durability

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1673-1677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Perrot ◽  
Guillaume Salzet ◽  
Nadine Amusant ◽  
Jacques Beauchene ◽  
Philippe Gérardin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Ecology ◽  
Natural Durability ◽  
Reverse Chemical Ecology

Formation of heartwood, chemical composition of extractives and natural durability of plantation-grown teak wood from Mexico

Holzforschung ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 547-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Rodríguez Anda ◽  
Gerald Koch ◽  
Hans-Georg Richter ◽  
Francisco Javier Fuentes Talavera ◽  
José Antonio Silva Guzmán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Natural Durability ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
High Mechanical Strength ◽  
Teak Wood

AbstractCurrently, there is an increasing interest in Mexico to grow teak in large-scale plantations. Teak is recognized for its natural durability combined with high mechanical strength. The present study aims at determining the quantitative and qualitative properties of teak wood for several age classes and provenances, originating mainly from three localities of south eastern Mexico, while the focus was on the extractives and the natural durability of teak samples. The percentage of heartwood (hW) formed by the plantation trees was within the range reported elsewhere for the corresponding age classes, while the hW% was in relation with the tree height and age. Further trends observed were: lower topo-chemical absorbance that was measured by ultraviolet microspectrophotometry (UMSP) of the inner hW compared to the outer hW; no clear correlation between the age and origin and the extractives’ composition accumulated in the hW; abundant presence of tectoquinone irrespective of the age and provenance; and finally, high resistance against white rot (WR) and brown rot (BR) fungi regardless of the age or provenance.

scholarly journals Chitosan-Based Coatings to Prevent the Decay of Populus spp. Wood Caused by Trametes Versicolor

Coatings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iosody Silva-Castro ◽  
Milagros Casados-Sanz ◽  
Agustín Alonso-Cortés ◽  
Pablo Martín-Ramos ◽  
Jesús Martín-Gil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trametes Versicolor ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Poplar Wood ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Anti Fungal

Chitosan and chitosan oligomers are receiving increasing attention due to their antimicrobial properties. In the present study, they were assayed as a preventive treatment against white-rot decay of Populus wood (very important in economic and environmental terms), caused by Trametes versicolor fungus. Their capacity to incorporate different chemical species into the polymer structure with a view to improving their anti-fungal activity was also assessed by mixing oligo-chitosan with propolis and silver nanoparticles. The minimum inhibitory concentration of medium-molecular weight chitosan (MMWC), chitosan oligomers (CO), propolis (P), nanosilver (nAg), and their binary and ternary composites against T. versicolor was determined in vitro. Although all products exhibited anti-fungal properties, composites showed an enhanced effect as compared to the individual products: 100% mycelial growth inhibition was attained for concentrations of 2.0 and 0.2 mg·mL−1 for the CO-P binary mixture, respectively; and 2 µg·mL−1 for nAg in the ternary mixture. Subsequently, MMWC, CO, CO-P and CO-P-nAg composites were tested on poplar wood blocks as surface protectors. Wood decay caused by the fungus was monitored by microscopy and vibrational spectroscopy, evidencing the limitations of the CO-based coatings in comparison with MMWC, which has a higher viscosity and better adhesion properties. The usage of MMWC holds promise for poplar wood protection, with potential industrial applications.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and natural durability of juvenile and mature heartwood of Robinia pseudoacacia L.

2011 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 1059-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
João V.F Latorraca ◽  
Oliver Dünisch ◽  
Gerald Koch
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Natural Durability ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia L ◽  
Heartwood Extractives

The aim of this study was to characterize the properties of juvenile and mature heartwood of Robinia pseudoacacia L. (black locust). The content, the composition, and subcellular localization of heartwood extractives were studied in 14 old-grown trees from forest sites in Germany and Hungary, as well as in 16 younger trees of four clone types. Heartwood extractives (methanol and acetone extraction) were analysed by HPLC-chromatography. UV microspectrophotometry was used to localize the extractives in the wood cell walls. The natural durability of juvenile and mature heartwood was analysed according to the European standard EN 350-1. Growth analyses, as well as the chemical analyses, showed that in Robinia the formation of juvenile wood is restricted to the first 10-15 years of cambial growth. In the heartwood high contents of phenolic compounds and flavonoids were present, which were in high concentrations in the cell walls of the axial parenchyma and of the vessels. In the juvenile heartwood, the content of these extractives is significantly lower than in the mature heartwood. In agree, the juvenile heartwood had a lower resistance to decay by Coniophora puteana (brown rot fungus) and Coriolus versicolor (white rot fungus) compared to the mature.

scholarly journals Reverse chemical ecology-based approach leading to the accidental discovery of repellents for Rhodnius prolixus, a vector of Chagas diseases refractory to DEET

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 46-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago A. Franco ◽  
Pingxi Xu ◽  
Nathália F. Brito ◽  
Daniele S. Oliveira ◽  
Xiaolan Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Ecology ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Reverse Chemical Ecology ◽  
Accidental Discovery

scholarly journals Kalappia celebica, an endemic wood from Sulawesi Island: Chemical composition and its resistance against white rot fungi Ganoderma tsugae and G. lucidium

2021 ◽  
Vol 886 (1) ◽  
pp. 012122
Author(s):  
Niken Pujirahayu ◽  
Asrianti Arif ◽  
Zakiah Uslinawaty ◽  
Nurhayati Hadjar Ibrahim ◽  
Waode Erniwati Bakara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Extractive Content ◽  
Natural Durability ◽  
Moisture Analysis ◽  
High Level ◽  
Class Iv

Abstract Kalapi wood (Kalappia celebica kosterm) is endemic to Sulawesi Island and is a monotype species in the Fabaceae family with limited distribution. This study investigates the chemical composition and natural durability of Kalapi (K. celebica Kosterm) wood against white rot fungi Ganoderma tsugae and G. lucidium. This study was conducted based on the TAPPI standard for moisture analysis content, ASTM-D for extractive content, holocelluloce, and lignin, and method Cross and Bevan for cellulose. Durability observation was conducted in 12 weeks by assessing the percentage damage of wood samples caused by the fungi according to SNI standards 01-7207-2014. Results show that K. celebica has holocelullose, cellulose, and extractives at a high level, lignin was moderate, and had low hemicellulose. The results of testing the durability of wood shown that K. celebica has resistance to G. tsugae attack (class II) but is not resistant to G. lucidium (class IV), with an average weight loss of 3.14 % and 18.82 %, respectively.

scholarly journals Biological Resistance of Elm (Ulmus carpinifolia var. Umbelifera) Trees against Fungal Endophytes and White Rot Decay Fungi

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Huijun Dong ◽  
Mina Raiesi ◽  
Mohsen Bahmani ◽  
Ali Jafari ◽  
Hamed Aghajani
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Urban Trees ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Impact Bending ◽  
Decay Tests ◽  
The Impact

Urban trees are one of the valuable storage in metropolitan areas. Nowadays, a particular attention is paid to the trees and spends million dollars per year to their maintenance. Trees are often subjected to abiotic factors, such as fungi, bacteria, and insects, which lead to decline mechanical strength and wood properties. The objective of this study was to determine the potential degradation of Elm tree wood by Phellinus pomaceus fungi, and Biscogniauxia mediteranae endophyte. Biological decay tests were done according to EN 113 standard and impact bending test in accordance with ASTM-D256-04 standard. The results indicated that with longer incubation time, weight loss increased for both sapwood and heartwood. Fungal deterioration leads to changes in the impact bending. In order to manage street trees, knowing tree characteristics is very important and should be regularly monitored and evaluated in order to identify defects in the trees.

Optimization of reverse chemical ecology method: false positive binding of Aenasius bambawalei odorant binding protein 1 caused by uncertain binding mechanism

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q.L. Li ◽  
S.C. Yi ◽  
D.Z. Li ◽  
X.P. Nie ◽  
S.Q. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Ecology ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Odorant Binding Protein ◽  
Binding Mechanism ◽  
Odorant Binding ◽  
Reverse Chemical Ecology
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