scholarly journals Near-surface relaxation structure of annealed block copolymer film on Si substrates examined by grazing-incidence small-angle scattering utilizing soft X-rays

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Okuda ◽  
Kohki Takeshita ◽  
Shojiro Ochiai ◽  
Shin-ichi Sakurai ◽  
Yoshinori Kitajima
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Microphase Separation ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Surface Relaxation ◽  
Angle Of Incidence ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Si Substrates

Two-dimensional grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) measurements of SEBS8 block copolymer films deposited on Si(001) substrates have been performed to demonstrate depth-sensitive GISAXS utilizing soft X-rays of 1.77 keV. Remarkable elongation of the Bragg spots in theqzdirection, corresponding to microphase separation, was observed for an angle of incidence close to the critical angle. The elongation was explained in terms of the penetration depth, which limits the effective size in the direction perpendicular to the sample surface. Lattice distortion near the surface was confirmed.

Morphology determination of defect-rich diblock copolymer films with time-of-flight grazing-incidence small-angle neutron scattering

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1228-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Müller-Buschbaum ◽  
Gunar Kaune ◽  
Martin Haese-Seiller ◽  
Jean-Francois Moulin
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Scattering ◽  
Diblock Copolymer ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Small Angle Neutron Scattering ◽  
Microphase Separation ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Surface Region ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Oriented Parallel

The complex nanomorphology of a defect-rich deuterated poly(styrene-block-methyl methacrylate), P(S-b-MMAd), diblock copolymer film is determined with a combination of grazing-incidence small-angle neutron scattering (GISANS) and time-of-flight (TOF) mode. TOF-GISANS enables the simultaneous performance of several GISANS measurements that differ in wavelength. The resulting set of GISANS data covers different ranges of the scattering vector and has different scattering depths. Thus surface-sensitive and bulk-sensitive measurements can be performed simultaneously. The P(S-b-MMAd) film exhibits a lamellar microphase separation structure, which because of the defects is arranged into small, randomly oriented grains, composed of four–five lamellar repetitions. In the near-surface region, the lamellar structure is oriented parallel to the substrate, which explains the smooth surface found with atomic force microscopy.

scholarly journals In Situ Electric-Field Study of Surface Effects in Domain Engineered Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 Relaxor Crystals by Grazing Incidence Diffraction

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 728
Author(s):  
Markys G. Cain ◽  
Margo Staruch ◽  
Paul Thompson ◽  
Christopher Lucas ◽  
Didier Wermeille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Crystal Surface ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Unit Cells ◽  
Lattice Planes ◽  
Sweet Spots

In this work, we present a grazing incidence X-ray diffraction study of the surface of a 0.24Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PIN-PMN-PT) [011] poled rhombohedral single crystal. The near surface microstructure (the top several tens to hundreds of unit cells) was measured in situ under an applied electric field. The strains calculated from the change in lattice parameters have been compared to the macroscopic strain measured with a strain gauge affixed to the sample surface. The depth dependence of the electrostrain at the crystal surface was investigated as a function of temperature. The analysis revealed hidden sweet spots featuring unusually high strains that were observed as a function of depth, temperature and orientation of the lattice planes.

Probing Self-Assembly of Cylindrical Morphology Block Copolymer Using in Situ and ex Situ Grazing Incidence Small-Angle X-ray Scattering: The Attractive Case of Graphoepitaxy

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (20) ◽  
pp. 7221-7229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireille Maret ◽  
Raluca Tiron ◽  
Xavier Chevalier ◽  
Patrice Gergaud ◽  
Ahmed Gharbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Attractive Case ◽  
Ray Scattering

Block Copolymers: Thermodynamics, Dynamics, and Small-Angle Scattering

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee M. Trask ◽  
Nacu Hernandez ◽  
Eric W. Cochran
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Microphase Separation ◽  
Small Angle Scattering ◽  
Angle Scattering ◽  
Copolymer Melts ◽  
Shear Processing ◽  
Kinetics Of

This article explores the dynamics, thermodynamics, and small-angle scattering of block copolymers. The goal is to determine what drives the applications of block copolymers, i.e. how block copolymers behave and how they are characterized. The article begins with a summary of the experimental data and various theories that comprise our understanding of block copolymer thermodynamics, with particular emphasis on phase behavior and especially the theory of microphase separation. It then considers topics related to block copolymer dynamics, including diffusion, viscoelasticity and rheology, shear-processing, and the kinetics of self-assembly. It also discusses small-angle scattering techniques as applied to block copolymer characterization, including scattering from ordered block copolymer melts.

scholarly journals Surface distortion of Fe dot-decorated TiO2 nanotubular templates using time-of-flight grazing incidence small angle scattering

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelima Paul ◽  
Jean-Francóis Moulin ◽  
Gaetano Mangiapia ◽  
Armin Kriele ◽  
Peter Müller-Buschbaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Angle ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Surface Region ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Ferromagnetic Behavior ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Correlation Lengths ◽  
Surface Distortion

AbstractPhysical properties of nanoclusters, nanostructures and self-assembled nanodots, which in turn are concomitantly dependent upon the morphological properties, can be modulated for functional purposes. Here, in this article, magnetic nanodots of Fe on semiconductor TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) are investigated with time-of-flight grazing incidence small-angle neutron scattering (TOF-GISANS) as a function of wavelength, chosen from a set of three TNT templates with different correlation lengths. The results are found corroborating with the localized scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. As we probe the inside and the near-surface region of the Fe-dotted TNTs with respect to their homogeneity, surface distortion and long-range order using TOF-GISANS, gradual aberrations at the top of the near-surface region are identified. Magnetization measurements as a function of temperature and field do not show a typical ferromagnetic behavior but rather a supermagnetic one that is expected from a nonhomogeneous distribution of Fe–dots in the intertubular crevasses.

Structural Analysis of Block Copolymer Thin Films with Grazing Incidence Small-Angle X-ray Scattering

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 4311-4323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byeongdu Lee ◽  
Insun Park ◽  
Jinhwan Yoon ◽  
Soojin Park ◽  
Jehan Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Ray Scattering

scholarly journals A multireflection and multiwavelength residual stress determination method using energy dispersive diffraction

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 732-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Marciszko ◽  
Andrzej Baczmański ◽  
Manuela Klaus ◽  
Christoph Genzel ◽  
Adrian Oponowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Surface Region ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Near Surface

The main focus of the presented work was the investigation of structure and residual stress gradients in the near-surface region of materials studied by X-ray diffraction. The multireflection method was used to measure depth-dependent stress variation in near-surface layers of a Ti sample (grade 2) subjected to different mechanical treatments. First, the multireflection grazing incidence diffraction method was applied on a classical diffractometer with Cu Kα radiation. The applicability of the method was then extended by using a white synchrotron beam during an energy dispersive (ED) diffraction experiment. An advantage of this method was the possibility of using not only more than one reflection but also different wavelengths of radiation. This approach was successfully applied to analysis of data obtained in the ED experiment. There was good agreement between the measurements performed using synchrotron radiation and those with Cu Kα radiation on the classical diffractometer. A great advantage of high-energy synchrotron radiation was the possibility to measure stresses as well as thea0parameter andc0/a0ratio for much larger depths in comparison with laboratory X-rays.

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