Density measurements of liquid under high pressure and high temperature

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1023-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Katayama ◽  
Kazuhiko Tsuji ◽  
Osamu Shimomura ◽  
Takumi Kikegawa ◽  
Mohamed Mezouar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Sample Container ◽  
Density Measurements ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sample Shape ◽  
X Ray Absorption

A new method for density measurements by means of X-ray absorption under high pressure and high temperature using synchrotron radiation has been developed. The method has been modified for a large-volume Paris–Edinburgh press and combined with intense high-energy X-rays at the ESRF. In order to overcome effects of deformation of sample shape under pressure, a ruby cylinder was used as a sample container. The density was determined from the intensity profile of transmitted X-rays. The densities of crystalline and liquid Bi were successfully measured up to 750 K at 1 GPa.

X‐ray determination of the Debye temperature at high pressure using high‐energy synchrotron radiation

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 2719-2722 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Matsumuro ◽  
M. Kobayashi ◽  
T. Kikegawa ◽  
M. Senoo
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Debye Temperature ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray

Micro-X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis on a Synchrotron Radiation Wiggler Beam Line

1991 ◽  
Vol 35 (B) ◽  
pp. 995-1000
Author(s):  
J.V. Gilfrich ◽  
E.F. Skelton ◽  
S.B. Qadri ◽  
N.E. Moulton ◽  
D.J. Nagel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Incident Beam ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Brookhaven National Laboratory ◽  
Beam Line ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electron Orbit

AbstractIt has been well established over recent years that synchrotron radiation possesses some unique features as a source of primary x-rays for x-ray fluorescence analysis. Advantage has been taken of the high intensity emanating from the bending magnets of storage rings to develop x-ray microprobes utilizing apertures or focussing optics, or both, to provide a beam spot at the specimen of the order of micrometers. The use of insertion devices wigglers and undulatora, can further increase the available intensity, especially for the high energy photons. Beam Line X-17C at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) at Brookhaven National Laboratory, accepts the unmodified continuum radiation from a superconducting wiggler in the storage ring. Some initial XRF measurements have been made on this beam line using apertures in the 10 to 100 micrometer range. The fluorescent radiation was measured by an intrinsic Ge detector having an energy resolution of 300 eV at 15 kev, and located at 90° to the incident beam in the plane of the electron orbit. In samples containing many elements, detection limits of a few ppm were achieved with 100 μm beams.

Semiconductor-to-metal transition in fluid selenium at high pressure and high temperature: An investigation using x-ray-absorption spectroscopy

1998 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 258-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Soldo ◽  
J. L. Hazemann ◽  
D. Aberdam ◽  
M. Inui ◽  
K. Tamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Absorption

Studies of local and intermediate range structure in crystalline and amorphous materials at high pressure using high-energy X-rays

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Ehm ◽  
Sytle M. Antao ◽  
Jiuhua Chen ◽  
Darren R. Locke ◽  
F. Marc Michel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Atomic Structure ◽  
Amorphous Materials ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Liquid Gallium ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Current State

The method of high-energy total elastic X-ray scattering to determine the atomic structure of nanocrystalline, highly disordered, and amorphous materials is presented. The current state of the technique, its potential, and limitations are discussed with two successful studies on the pressure induced phase transition in mackinawite (FeS) and the high-pressure behavior of liquid gallium.

Characterization of Cellulosic Biomass Loaded with Iron and Arsenic Using High Energy X-Rays

2007 ◽  
Vol 20-21 ◽  
pp. 643-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cordeiro Silva ◽  
Regina Pinto de Carvalho ◽  
M. Sylvia S. Dantas ◽  
Virgínia S.T. Ciminelli
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Arsenic Species ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cellulosic Biomass ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Iron Ions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
Exafs Spectra

The biosorption of arsenic species by dried lettuce leaves (L.sativa) was investigated. Arsenic sorption, that is not effective on in natura biomass, was enhanced when the biomass was previously loaded with Fe(III). Analysis of X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Spectroscopy (XANES) spectra showed that iron was incorporated as Fe(III) and arsenic as As(V), regardless the contact with the lowest or highest valence species of these elements. The features of Extended X-ray Absorption Fine-Structure Spectroscopy (EXAFS) spectra suggest that the nearest neighboring atoms of iron ions are the same in all the samples, even in the As-Fe loaded ones. These results indicate the arsenic oxyanions as the sorbed species on the iron-loaded biomass.

Application of synchrotron radiation and Kawai-type apparatus to various studies in high-pressure mineral physics

2002 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 769-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Irifune
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Deep Interior ◽  
Diamond Anvils ◽  
Sintered Diamond ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Type Apparatus

AbstractA combination of Kawai-type multianvil apparatus and highly brilliant X-rays at the third generation synchrotron radiation facility (SPring-8) in Japan has been successfully applied to various studies in high-pressure mineral sciences such as determinations of phase transition boundaries, P–V–T relations of high-pressure phases, kinetics of phase transitions, structure and viscosity of melts. These studies are now comfortably made at pressures of ˜25 GPa and at temperatures to 2300°C, using the intense X-ray beam and the large capacity of the high-pressure apparatus at SPring-8. Moreover, efforts have been made to further extend the pressure limit using large sintered diamond anvils. Thus in situ X-ray observations are now possible at pressures to 50 GPa with the Kawai-type apparatus, which may be doubled in the near future when the potential of sintered diamond anvils is fully utilized. On the other hand, some problems, such as those related to pressure and temperature measurement, have been manifested in these studies. These should be overcome for further quantitative studies of the mineralogy of the Earth's deep interior based on these techniques.

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