Defining the hematite topotaxial crystal growth in magnetite–hematite phase transformation

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 896-903
Author(s):  
Flávia Braga de Oliveira ◽  
Gilberto Álvares da Silva ◽  
Leonardo Martins Graça
Keyword(s):  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Inverse Pole Figure ◽  
Orientation Relationships ◽  
Transformation Matrices ◽  
Hematite Phase ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Magnetite Crystal ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Specific Orientation

Magnetite and hematite iron oxides are minerals of great economic and scientific importance. The oxidation of magnetite to hematite is characterized as a topotaxial reaction in which the crystallographic orientations of the hematite crystals are determined by the orientation of the magnetite crystals. Thus, the transformation between these minerals is described by specific orientation relationships, called topotaxial relationships. This study presents electron-backscatter diffraction analyses conducted on natural octahedral crystals of magnetite partially transformed into hematite. Inverse pole figure maps and pole figures were used to establish the topotaxial relationships between these phases. Transformation matrices were also applied to Euler angles to assess the diffraction patterns obtained and confirm the identified relationships. A new orientation condition resulting from the magnetite–hematite transformation was characterized, defined by the parallelism between the octahedral planes {111} of magnetite and rhombohedral planes \{10\bar {1}1\} of hematite. Moreover, there was a coincidence between one of the octahedral planes of magnetite and the basal {0001} plane of hematite, and between dodecahedral planes {110} of magnetite and prismatic planes \{11\bar {2}0\} of hematite. All these three orientation conditions are necessary and define a growth model for hematite crystals from a magnetite crystal. A new topotaxial relationship is also proposed: (111)Mag || (0001)Hem and (\bar {1}\bar {1}1)_{\rm Mag} || (10\bar {1}1)_{\rm Hem}.

Orientation relationships of carlsbergite in schreibersite and kamacite in the north Chile iron meteorite

2006 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Nolze ◽  
G. Wagner ◽  
R. Saliwan Neumann ◽  
R. Skála ◽  
V. Geist
Keyword(s):  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Metallic Matrix ◽  
Iron Meteorite ◽  
Orientation Relationships ◽  
Orientation Relation ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
The North ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
General Connection

AbstractThe crystallographic orientation of carlsbergite (CrN) in the north Chile meteorite (hexahedrite) was investigated using electron backscatter diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. These studies examined the CrN crystals in the rhabdites (idiomorphic schreibersite) and in kamacite. It was found that the CrN crystals embedded in rhabdite show a number of different orientation relationships with the host crystals. These orientations can be explained based on the lattice dimensions of both coexisting crystalline materials. It was also found that both carlsbergite and kamacite are characterized by a high dislocation density (≥ l09 cm-2) while rhabdite is free of dislocations. It is supposed that in spite of the deformed metallic matrix, a general connection between the orientation relation of all the phases involved exists.

scholarly journals Deep Neural Network Enabled Space Group Identification in EBSD

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Kaufmann ◽  
Chaoyi Zhu ◽  
Alexander S. Rosengarten ◽  
Kenneth S. Vecchio
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Point Group ◽  
Phase Identification ◽  
Space Group ◽  
Multiple Length Scales ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

AbstractElectron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) is one of the primary tools in materials development and analysis. The technique can perform simultaneous analyses at multiple length scales, providing local sub-micron information mapped globally to centimeter scale. Recently, a series of technological revolutions simultaneously increased diffraction pattern quality and collection rate. After collection, current EBSD pattern indexing techniques (whether Hough-based or dictionary pattern matching based) are capable of reliably differentiating between a “user selected” set of phases, if those phases contain sufficiently different crystal structures. EBSD is currently less well suited for the problem of phase identification where the phases in the sample are unknown. A pattern analysis technique capable of phase identification, utilizing the information-rich diffraction patterns potentially coupled with other data, such as EDS-derived chemistry, would enable EBSD to become a high-throughput technique replacing many slower (X-ray diffraction) or more expensive (neutron diffraction) methods. We utilize a machine learning technique to develop a general methodology for the space group classification of diffraction patterns; this is demonstrated within the $\lpar 4/m\comma \;\bar{3}\comma \;\;2/m\rpar$ point group. We evaluate the machine learning algorithm's performance in real-world situations using materials outside the training set, simultaneously elucidating the role of atomic scattering factors, orientation, and pattern quality on classification accuracy.

scholarly journals Crystal orientation and detector distance effects on resolving pseudosymmetry by electron backscatter diffraction

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 513-522
Author(s):  
Edward L. Pang ◽  
Christopher A. Schuh
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Orientation ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Detector Distance ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
Distance Effects ◽  
Electron Backscatter ◽  
Sample Position ◽  
Position And Orientation ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

Accurately indexing pseudosymmetric materials has long proven challenging for electron backscatter diffraction. The recent emergence of intensity-based indexing approaches promises an enhanced ability to resolve pseudosymmetry compared with traditional Hough-based indexing approaches. However, little work has been done to understand the effects of sample position and orientation on the ability to resolve pseudosymmetry, especially for intensity-based indexing approaches. Thus, in this work the effects of crystal orientation and detector distance in a model tetragonal ZrO2 (c/a = 1.0185) material are quantitatively investigated. The orientations that are easiest and most difficult to correctly index are identified, the effect of detector distance on indexing confidence is characterized, and these trends are analyzed on the basis of the appearance of specific zone axes in the diffraction patterns. The findings also point to the clear benefit of shorter detector distances for resolving pseudosymmetry using intensity-based indexing approaches.

Orientation relationships between magnetite micro-inclusions and plagioclase host 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Ageeva ◽  
Ge Bian ◽  
Gerlinde Habler ◽  
Rainer Abart
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Orientation Relationships ◽  
Directional Growth ◽  
Crystal Lattices ◽  
Plane Normal ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Easy Direction ◽  
Lattice Planes ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

<p>Magnetite micro-inclusions in silicate minerals are important carriers of the remanent magnetization of rocks. Their shape orientation relationships (SOR) and crystallographic orientation relationships (COR) to the host crystal are of interest in the context of the bulk magnetic properties of the inclusion-host assemblage. We investigated the SOR and COR of magnetite (MT) micro-inclusions in plagioclase (PL) from oceanic gabbro using correlated optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Electron backscatter diffraction analysis and Transmission electron microscopy.</p><p>In the mm-sized PL crystals of the investigated gabbros MT is present as equant, needle- and lath-shaped (sub)micrometer sized inclusions. More than 95% of the needle-shaped inclusions show SOR and specific COR to the plagioclase host. Most of the needles are elongated perpendicular to one of the MT{111} planes, which is aligned parallel to one of the (112), (1-12), (-312), (-3-12), (150), (1-50) or (100) planes of plagioclase. These inclusions are classified as “plane-normal type”. The needle elongation parallel to MT<111>, which is the easy direction of magnetization, ensures high magnetic susceptibility of these inclusions. The underlying formation mechanism is related to the parallel alignment of oxygen layers with similar lattice spacing across the MT-PL interfaces that are parallel to the elongation direction [1].</p><p>Apart from the SOR and the alignment of a MT{111} with one of the PL low index planes, the MT crystals rotate about the needle elongation direction. The rotation angles are statistically distributed with several maxima representing specific orientation relationships. In some cases one of the MT<001> axes is aligned with PL[14 10 7] or PL[-14 10 -7], which ensures that FeO<sub>6 </sub>octahedra of MT well fit into channels // [001] of PL, which are formed by six membered rings of SiO<sub>4</sub> and AlO<sub>4</sub> tetrahedra [2]. This COR is referred to as the “nucleation orientation” of magnetite with respect to PL. There are several other possibilities to fit FeO<sub>6</sub> octahedra into the [001] channels of PL, but the alignment stated above allows for the additional parallel alignment of one of the MT{111} with one of the above mentioned low index lattice planes of PL. MT crystals with one of these nucleation orientations can undergo directional growth to develop laths and needles. MT crystals with other nucleation orientations that do not allow for the parallel alignment of MT{111} with the above mentioned PL lattice planes, do not significantly grow and form the equant inclusions.</p><p>For some needles one or more of the MT{011} planes that are parallel to the needle elongation direction, are aligned with low-index planes of plagioclase such as PL (112), PL(150), PL(1-50) etc., and form MT facets. This situation corresponds to achievement of the best possible match between the two crystal lattices. This can either be generated during primary growth or during re-equilibration of the micro-inclusions and the plagioclase host.</p><p>Funding by RFBR project 18-55-14003 and Austrian Science fund (FWF): I 3998-N29 is acknowledged.</p><p>Reference</p><p>[1] Ageeva et al (2020) Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 175(10), 1-16.</p><p>[2] Wenk et al (2011) Am. Min. 96, 1316-1324</p>

Deformation Structures in a Duplex Stainless Steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 941 ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Yvell ◽  
Göran Engberg
Keyword(s):  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
True Strain ◽  
Strain Curve ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Deformation Structure ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

The evolution of the deformation structure with strain has been studied using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Samples from interrupted uniaxial tensile tests and from a cyclic tension/compression test were investigated. The evolution of low angle boundaries (LABs) was studied using boundary maps and by measuring the LAB density. From calculations of local misorientations, smaller orientation changes in the substructure can be illustrated. The different orientations developed with strain within a grain, due to operation of different slip systems in different parts of the grain, were studied using a misorientation profile showing substantial orientation changes after a true strain of 0.24. The texture evolution with increasing strain was followed by using inverse pole figures (IPFs). The observed substructure development in the ferritic and austenitic phases could be successfully correlated with the stress-strain curve from a tensile test. LABs were first observed in the different phases when the strain hardening rate changed in appearance indicating that cross slip started to operate as a significant dislocation recovery mechanism. The evolution of the deformation structure is concluded to occur in a similar manner in the austenitic and ferritic phases but with different texture evolution for the two phases.

Error analysis of the crystal orientations and disorientations obtained by the classical electron backscatter diffraction technique

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 797-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farangis Ram ◽  
Stefan Zaefferer ◽  
Tom Jäpel ◽  
Dierk Raabe
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Theory ◽  
Classical Electron ◽  
Accuracy Measure ◽  
Electron Backscatter ◽  
Analytical Accuracy ◽  
Precision And Accuracy ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

The fidelity – that is, the error, precision and accuracy – of the crystallographic orientations and disorientations obtained by the classical two-dimensional Hough-transform-based analysis of electron backscatter diffraction patterns (EBSPs) is studied. Using EBSPs simulated based on the dynamical electron diffraction theory, the fidelity analysis that has been previously performed using the patterns simulated based on the theory of kinematic electron diffraction is improved. Using the same patterns, the efficacy of a Fisher-distribution-based analytical accuracy measure for orientation and disorientation is verified.

Examination of the Orientation Relationships between the Main Phases of Duplex Stainless Steel by EBSD

2007 ◽  
Vol 537-538 ◽  
pp. 297-302
Author(s):  
Tibor Berecz ◽  
Péter János Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Duplex Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Duplex Stainless Steels ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Orientation Relationships ◽  
Σ Phase ◽  
Electron Backscatter ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

Duplex stainless steels are a famous group of the stainless steels. Duplex stainless steels consist of mainly austenitic and ferritic phases, which is resulted by high content of different alloying elements and low content of carbon. These alloying elements can effect a number of precipitations at high temperatures. The most important phase of these precipitation is the σ-phase, what cause rigidity and reduced resistance aganist the corrosion. Several orientation relationships have been determined between the austenitic, ferritic and σ-phase in duplex stainless steels. In this paper we tried to verify them by EBSD (electron backscatter diffraction).

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