scholarly journals Direct information retrieval after 3D reconstruction in grating-based X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 1222-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Wu ◽  
Kun Gao ◽  
Zhili Wang ◽  
Chenxi Wei ◽  
Faiz Wali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Phase Reconstruction ◽  
Phase Information ◽  
X Ray

Grating-based X-ray differential phase-contrast imaging has attracted a great amount of attention and has been considered as a potential imaging method in clinical medicine because of its compatibility with the traditional X-ray tube source and the possibility of a large field of view. Moreover, phase-contrast computed tomography provides three-dimensional phase-contrast visualization. Generally, two-dimensional information retrieval performed on every projection is required prior to three-dimensional reconstruction in phase-contrast computed tomography. In this paper, a three-dimensional information retrieval method to separate absorption and phase information directly from two reconstructed images is derived. Theoretical derivations together with numerical simulations have been performed to confirm the feasibility and veracity of the proposed method. The advantages and limitations compared with the reverse projection method are also discussed. Owing to the reduced data size and the absence of a logarithm operation, the computational time for information retrieval is shortened by the proposed method. In addition, the hybrid three-dimensional images of absorption and phase information were reconstructed using an absorption reconstruction algorithm, hence the existing data pre-processing methods and iterative reconstruction algorithms in absorption reconstruction may be utilized in phase reconstruction immediately.

Visualization of microvasculature and thrombi by X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography in hepatocellular carcinoma

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 600-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianbo Jian ◽  
Hao Yang ◽  
Xinyan Zhao ◽  
Ruijiao Xuan ◽  
Yujie Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Density Distributions ◽  
Fine Structures ◽  
Tumor Growth And Metastasis ◽  
Micrometer Scale

Visualization of the microvascular network and thrombi in the microvasculature is a key step to evaluating the development of tumor growth and metastasis, and influences treatment selection. X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography (PCCT) is a new imaging technique that can detect minute changes of density and reveal soft tissues discrimination at micrometer-scale resolution. In this study, six human resected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues were investigated with PCCT. A histological stain was added to estimate the accuracy of PCCT. The results showed that the fine structures of the microvasculature (measuring 30–100 µm) and thrombi in tiny blood vessels were displayed clearly on imaging the HCC tissues by PCCT. Moreover, density distributions of the thrombi were obtained, which could be reliably used to distinguish malignant from benign thrombi in HCC. In conclusion, PCCT can clearly show the three-dimensional subtle structures of HCC that cannot be detected by conventional absorption-based computed tomography and provides a new method for the imageology of HCC.

scholarly journals X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography visualizes the microstructure and degradation profile of implanted biodegradable scaffolds after spinal cord injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenta Takashima ◽  
Masato Hoshino ◽  
Kentaro Uesugi ◽  
Naoto Yagi ◽  
Shojiro Matsuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Injured Spinal Cord ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Biodegradable Scaffolds ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Grating Interferometer

Tissue engineering strategies for spinal cord repair are a primary focus of translational medicine after spinal cord injury (SCI). Many tissue engineering strategies employ three-dimensional scaffolds, which are made of biodegradable materials and have microstructure incorporated with viable cells and bioactive molecules to promote new tissue generation and functional recovery after SCI. It is therefore important to develop an imaging system that visualizes both the microstructure of three-dimensional scaffolds and their degradation process after SCI. Here, X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography imaging based on the Talbot grating interferometer is described and it is shown how it can visualize the polyglycolic acid scaffold, including its microfibres, after implantation into the injured spinal cord. Furthermore, X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography images revealed that degradation occurred from the end to the centre of the braided scaffold in the 28 days after implantation into the injured spinal cord. The present report provides the first demonstration of an imaging technique that visualizes both the microstructure and degradation of biodegradable scaffolds in SCI research. X-ray phase-contrast imaging based on the Talbot grating interferometer is a versatile technique that can be used for a broad range of preclinical applications in tissue engineering strategies.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional Construction of Micrometer Level in Rat Stomach by Synchrotron RadiationThree-dimensional Construction of Micrometer Level in Rat Stomach by Synchrotron Radiation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Tao ◽  
Chen-Chen Gao ◽  
Xue-Hong Tong ◽  
Shizhen Yuan ◽  
Tian-tian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Phase Contrast Imaging ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Rat Stomach ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
3 Dimensional

Abstract Objectives This article shows an imaging method of the stomach that does not use imaging agents. X-ray phase-contrast images of different stages of gastric development were taken using X-ray in-line phase-contrast imaging (XILPCI). The aim of the study was to demonstrate that XILPCI is a micron imaging method for gastric structures. Methods The stomachs of 4-, 6- and 12-week-old rats were removed and cleaned. XILPCI has 1000 times greater soft tissue contrast than that of X-ray traditional absorption radiography. The projection images of the rats’ stomachs were recorded by an XILPCI charge coupled device (CCD) at 9 μm image resolution. Results The X-ray in-line phase-contrast images of the different stages of rat gastric specimens clearly showed the gastric architectures and the details of the gastroduodenal region. 3-dimensional stomach anatomical structure images were reconstruction. Conclusion The reconstructed gastric 3D images can clearly display the internal structure of the stomach. XILPCI may be a useful method for medical research in the future. Keywords: Synchrotron radiation phase-contrast imaging, 3-dimensional gastric structure images

High-Resolution Radiography for Detecting and Measuring Micron-Scale Features

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel H. Morse ◽  
Arlyn J. Antolak ◽  
Bernice E. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Conventional Radiography ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Projection Radiography

X-ray radiography has long been recognized as a valuable tool for detecting internal features and flaws. Recent developments in microfabrication and composite materials have extended inspection requirements to the resolution limits of conventional radiography. Our work has been directed toward pushing both detection and measurement capabilities to a smaller scale. Until recently, we have used conventional contact radiography, optimized to resolve small features. With the recent purchase of a nano-focus (sub-micron) x-ray source, we are now investigating projection radiography, phase contrast imaging and micro-computed tomography (μ-CT). Projection radiography produces a magnified image that is limited in spatial resolution mainly by the source size, not by film grain size or detector pixel size. Under certain conditions phase contrast can increase the ability to resolve small features such as cracks, especially in materials with low absorption contrast. Micro-computed tomography can provide three-dimensional measurements on a micron scale and has been shown to provide better sensitivity than simple radiographs. We have included applications of these techniques to small-scale measurements not easily made by mechanical or optical means. Examples include void detection in meso-scale nickel MEMS parts, measurement of edge profiles in thick gold lithography masks, and characterization of the distribution of phases in composite materials. Our work, so far, has been limited to film.

Direct three-dimensional imaging for morphological analysis of electrospun fibers with laboratory-based Zernike X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 111045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristine Santos de Oliveira ◽  
Adriana Trompetero González ◽  
Tobias Hedtke ◽  
Tobias Kürbitz ◽  
Andreas Heilmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Electrospun Fibers ◽  
Three Dimensional Imaging ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Amyloid-β plaque deposition measured using propagation-based X-ray phase contrast CT imaging

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 813-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Astolfo ◽  
Aurélien Lathuilière ◽  
Vanessa Laversenne ◽  
Bernard Schneider ◽  
Marco Stampanoni
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
X Ray

Amyloid beta accumulation into insoluble plaques (Aβp) is known to play a significant role in the pathological process in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The presence of Aβp is also one of the neuropathological hallmarks for the disease. AD final diagnosis is generally acknowledged after the evaluation of Aβp deposition in the brain. Insoluble Aβp accumulation may also concur to cause AD as postulated in the so-calledamyloid hypothesis. Therefore, the visualization, evaluation and quantification of Aβp are nowadays the keys for a better understanding of the disease, which may point to a possible cure for AD in the near future. Synchrotron-based X-ray phase contrast (XPC) has been demonstrated as the only imaging method that can retrieve the Aβp signal with high spatial resolution (up to 10 µm), high sensitivity and three-dimensional information at the same time. Although at the moment XPC is suitable forex vivosamples only, it may develop into an alternative to positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in Aβp imaging. In this contribution the possibility of using synchrotron-based X-ray phase propagation computed tomography to visualize and measure Aβp on mouse brains is presented. A careful setup optimization for this application leads to a significant improvement of spatial resolution (∼1 µm), data acquisition speed (five times faster), X-ray dose (five times lower) and setup complexity, without a substantial loss in sensitivity when compared with the classic implementation of grating-based X-ray interferometry.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional Construction of Micrometer Level in Rat Stomach by Synchrotron Radiation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Tao ◽  
Chen-Chen Gao ◽  
Xue-Hong Tong ◽  
Shi-Zhen Yuan ◽  
Jingdong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Tissue Contrast

Abstract Background: The structural changes of gastric mucosa are considered as an important window of early gastric lesions. This article shows an imaging method of the stomach that does not use imaging agents. X-ray phase-contrast images of different stages of gastric development were taken using micrometer level X-ray in-line phase-contrast imaging (XILPCI) technique on synchrotron radiation facility. The aim of the study was to demonstrate that the imaging technique is an appropriate method for micron imaging of the gastric structures.Methods: The stomachs of 4-, 6- and 12-week-old rats were removed and cleaned. XILPCI has 1000 times greater soft tissue contrast than that of X-ray traditional absorption radiography. The projection images of the rats stomachs were recorded by an XILPCI charge coupled device (CCD) at 9 μm image resolution.Results: The X-ray in-line phase-contrast images of the different stages of rats’ gastric specimens clearly showed the gastric architectures and the details of the gastro-duodenal region. 3-dimensional stomach anatomical structure images were reconstruction. Conclusion: The reconstructed gastric 3D images can clearly display the internal structure of the stomach. XILPCI may be a useful method for medical research in the future.

Three-dimensional visualization of fibrous tissues in cirrhotic rats via X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography with iodine staining

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1354-1360
Author(s):  
Jianbo Jian ◽  
Xinyan Zhao ◽  
Lili Qin ◽  
Yuqing Zhao ◽  
Mengyu Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Iodine Staining ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Structural Details ◽  
3D Presentation ◽  
Histopathologic Findings

To accurately characterize cirrhosis, knowledge of the 3D fibrous structures is essential. Histology is the gold standard in cirrhosis screening, but it mainly provides structural information in 2D planes and destroys the 3D samples in the process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography (PCCT) with iodine staining for the 3D nondestructive visualization of internal structural details in entire cirrhotic livers with histopathologic correlation. In this study, cirrhotic livers induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats were imaged via PCCT and then histopathologically processed. Characteristics of the cirrhosis, i.e. abnormal nodules surrounded by annular fibrosis, were established and a 3D reconstruction of these structures was also performed via PCCT. Fibrosis area, septal width and nodular size were measured and the correlation for these quantitative measurements between PCCT and histopathologic findings was analyzed. The results showed that fibrous bands, small nodules and angio-architecture in cirrhosis were clearly presented in the PCCT images, with histopathologic findings as standard reference. In comparison with histopathology, PCCT was associated with a very close value for fibrosis area, septal width and nodular size. The quantitative measurements showed a strong correlation between PCCT and histopathology. Additionally, the 3D structures of fibrous bands and microvasculature were presented simultaneously. PCCT provides excellent results in the assessment of cirrhosis characteristics and 3D presentation of these feature structures compared with histopathology. Thus, the technique may serve as an adjunct nondestructive 3D modality for cirrhosis characterization.

scholarly journals A minute fossil phoretic mite recovered by phase-contrast X-ray computed tomography

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason A. Dunlop ◽  
Stefan Wirth ◽  
David Penney ◽  
Andrew McNeil ◽  
Robert S. Bradley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Body Fossil

High-resolution phase-contrast X-ray computed tomography (CT) reveals the phoretic deutonymph of a fossil astigmatid mite (Acariformes: Astigmata) attached to a spider's carapace (Araneae: Dysderidae) in Eocene (44–49 Myr ago) Baltic amber. Details of appendages and a sucker plate were resolved, and the resulting three-dimensional model demonstrates the potential of tomography to recover morphological characters of systematic significance from even the tiniest amber inclusions without the need for a synchrotron. Astigmatids have an extremely sparse palaeontological record. We confirm one of the few convincing fossils, potentially the oldest record of Histiostomatidae. At 176 µm long, we believe this to be the smallest arthropod in amber to be CT-scanned as a complete body fossil, extending the boundaries for what can be recovered using this technique. We also demonstrate a minimum age for the evolution of phoretic behaviour among their deutonymphs, an ecological trait used by extant species to disperse into favourable environments. The occurrence of the fossil on a spider is noteworthy, as modern histiostomatids tend to favour other arthropods as carriers.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional Construction of Micrometer Level in Rat Stomach by Synchrotron Radiation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Tao ◽  
Chen-Chen Gao ◽  
Xue-Hong Tong ◽  
Shi-Zhen Yuan ◽  
Jingdong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Tissue Contrast

Abstract Background: The structural changes of gastric mucosa are considered as an important window of early gastric lesions. This article shows an imaging method of the stomach that does not use imaging agents. X-ray phase-contrast images of different stages of gastric development were taken using micrometer level X-ray in-line phase-contrast imaging (XILPCI) technique on synchrotron radiation facility. The aim of the study was to demonstrate that the imaging technique is an appropriate method for micron imaging of the gastric structures.Methods: The stomachs of 4-, 6- and 12-week-old rats were removed and cleaned. XILPCI has 1000 times greater soft tissue contrast than that of X-ray traditional absorption radiography. The projection images of the rats stomachs were recorded by an XILPCI charge coupled device (CCD) at 9 μm image resolution.Results: The X-ray in-line phase-contrast images of the different stages of rats’ gastric specimens clearly showed the gastric architectures and the details of the gastro-duodenal region. 3-dimensional stomach anatomical structure images were reconstruction.Conclusion: The reconstructed gastric 3D images can clearly display the internal structure of the stomach. XILPCI may be a useful method for medical research in the future.

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