scholarly journals A von Hamos-type hard X-ray spectrometer at the PETRA III beamline P64

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Kalinko ◽  
Wolfgang A. Caliebe ◽  
Roland Schoch ◽  
Matthias Bauer
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Energy Resolution ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Elastic Line ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Analyzer Crystal ◽  
Broad Energy Range ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Broad Energy

The design and performance of the high-resolution wavelength-dispersive multi-crystal von Hamos-type spectrometer at PETRA III beamline P64 are described. Extended analyzer crystal collection available at the beamline allows coverage of a broad energy range from 5 keV to 20 keV with an energy resolution of 0.35–1 eV. Particular attention was paid to enabling two-color measurements by a combination of two types of analyzer crystals and two two-dimensional detectors. The performance of the spectrometer is demonstrated by elastic-line and emission-line measurements on various compounds.

scholarly journals Inelastic X-ray scattering with 0.75 meV resolution at 25.7 keV using a temperature-gradient analyzer

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Ishikawa ◽  
David S. Ellis ◽  
Hiroshi Uchiyama ◽  
Alfred Q. R. Baron
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Energy Resolution ◽  
Lattice Spacing ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Analyzer Crystal ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Sample Position ◽  
Ray Scattering

The use of temperature-gradient analyzers for non-resonant high-resolution inelastic X-ray scattering is investigated. The gradient compensates for geometrical broadening of the energy resolution by adjusting the lattice spacing of the analyzer crystal. Applying a ∼12 mK temperature gradient across a 9.5 cm analyzer, resolutions of 0.75 (2) meV FWHM at 25.7 keV for Si(13 13 13) and 1.25 (2) meV at 21.7 keV for Si(11 11 11) were measured, while retaining large (250 mm) clearance between the sample position and detector, and reasonable (9.3 mrad × 8.8 mrad) analyzer acceptance. The temperature control and stability are discussed.

scholarly journals Cygnus X-1: X-Ray Emission Mechanism and Geometry

1998 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 386-387
Author(s):  
Wei Cui ◽  
S. N. Zhang ◽  
J. H. Swank ◽  
X.-M. Hua ◽  
K. Ebisawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Emission Mechanism ◽  
Spectral Variability ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Broad Energy Range ◽  
Soft State ◽  
Hard State ◽  
Sky Monitor ◽  
Broad Energy

On 1996 May 10, the All-Sky Monitor aboard RXTE revealed that Cyg X-1 started a transition from its hard state to soft state (Cui 1996). Throughout this interesting episode, snapshots were taken with more sensitive detectors on ASCA, RXTE, and CGRO to monitor the temporal and spectral variability of the source over a broad energy range.

Investigation of pulsed X-ray radiation of a plasma focus in a broad energy range

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (13) ◽  
pp. 1215-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Savelov ◽  
G. Kh. Salakhutdinov ◽  
M. V. Koltunov ◽  
B. D. Lemeshko ◽  
D. I. Yurkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Plasma Focus ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Broad Energy Range ◽  
Broad Energy

Pockels readout optical modulator: An x‐ray imaging detector that maintains good efficiency over a broad energy range

1985 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 2173-2175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant H. Stokes ◽  
David M. Stupin ◽  
Norman E. Elliott ◽  
Michael Graser
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Optical Modulator ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Imaging Detector ◽  
Broad Energy Range ◽  
Broad Energy

scholarly journals Re-assessment of the Accretion Disc Clock in Hercules X-1

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (S277) ◽  
pp. 325-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jurua ◽  
M. Still ◽  
P. J. Meintjes ◽  
P. A. Charles ◽  
S. K Anguma
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Star ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Accretion Disc ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Broad Energy Range ◽  
Sky Monitor ◽  
Broad Energy

AbstractThe Galactic neutron star X-ray binary Her X-1 shows a 35-day photometric modulation. Detected across a broad energy range, the modulation is prevalent in X-rays, cycling between low and high states. Since the discovery of the 35-day cycle of Her X-1, the X-ray source has entered and returned from an extended anomalous low state on at least seven occasions. Employing Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer All-Sky Monitor observations, prior predictions that Her X-1 would return from the 2003 - 2004 anomalous low state with a new precession period and accretion luminosity are verified. However, the precession has not been as coherent over recent years as predicted. Potentially there have been more minor anomalous low states between 2004 and the present day.

Tubulin structure at intermediate resolution

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 852-853
Author(s):  
K. H. Downing ◽  
S. G. Wolf ◽  
E. Nogales
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Zinc Ions ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Negative Stain ◽  
Functional Mechanisms ◽  
Tubulin Structure

Microtubules are involved in a host of critical cell activities, many of which involve transport of organelles through the cell. Different sets of microtubules appear to form during the cell cycle for different functions. Knowledge of the structure of tubulin will be necessary in order to understand the various functional mechanisms of microtubule assemble, disassembly, and interaction with other molecules, but tubulin has so far resisted crystallization for x-ray diffraction studies. Fortuitously, in the presence of zinc ions, tubulin also forms two-dimensional, crystalline sheets that are ideally suited for study by electron microscopy. We have refined procedures for forming the sheets and preparing them for EM, and have been able to obtain high-resolution structural data that sheds light on the formation and stabilization of microtubules, and even the interaction with a therapeutic drug.Tubulin sheets had been extensively studied in negative stain, demonstrating that the same protofilament structure was formed in the sheets and microtubules. For high resolution studies, we have found that the sheets embedded in either glucose or tannin diffract to around 3 Å.

Cryogenic high-resolution X-ray spectrometers for SR-XRF and microanalysis

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Frank ◽  
C. A. Mears ◽  
S. E. Labov ◽  
L. J. Hiller ◽  
J. B. le Grand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Energy Resolution ◽  
Superconducting Tunnel Junction ◽  
Semiconductor Detectors ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sr Xrf ◽  
Demonstration Experiment ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Stj Detector

Experimental results are presented obtained with a cryogenically cooled high-resolution X-ray spectrometer based on a 141 × 141 µm Nb-Al-Al2O3-Al-Nb superconducting tunnel junction (STJ) detector in an SR-XRF demonstration experiment. STJ detectors can operate at count rates approaching those of semiconductor detectors while still providing a significantly better energy resolution for soft X-rays. By measuring fluorescence X-rays from samples containing transition metals and low-Z elements, an FWHM energy resolution of 6–15 eV for X-rays in the energy range 180–1100 eV has been obtained. The results show that, in the near future, STJ detectors may prove very useful in XRF and microanalysis applications.

Design of an ultrahigh-energy-resolution and wide-energy-range soft X-ray beamline

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Xue ◽  
R. Reininger ◽  
Y.-Q. Wu ◽  
Y. Zou ◽  
Z.-M. Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Energy Resolution ◽  
Wide Energy Range ◽  
Ultrahigh Energy ◽  
Exit Slit ◽  
Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Variable Line ◽  
Line Spacing ◽  
Wide Energy

A new ultrahigh-energy-resolution and wide-energy-range soft X-ray beamline has been designed and is under construction at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility. The beamline has two branches: one dedicated to angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and the other to photoelectron emission microscopy (PEEM). The two branches share the same plane-grating monochromator, which is equipped with four variable-line-spacing gratings and covers the 20–2000 eV energy range. Two elliptically polarized undulators are employed to provide photons with variable polarization, linear in every inclination and circular. The expected energy resolution is approximately 10 meV at 1000 eV with a flux of more than 3 × 1010 photons s−1at the ARPES sample positions. The refocusing of both branches is based on Kirkpatrick–Baez pairs. The expected spot sizes when using a 10 µm exit slit are 15 µm × 5 µm (horizontal × vertical FWHM) at the ARPES station and 10 µm × 5 µm (horizontal × vertical FWHM) at the PEEM station. The use of plane optical elements upstream of the exit slit, a variable-line-spacing grating and a pre-mirror in the monochromator that allows the influence of the thermal deformation to be eliminated are essential for achieving the ultrahigh-energy resolution.

scholarly journals NSLS-II MX beamlines FMX for micro-crystallography & AMX for highly automated MX

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C1733-C1733
Author(s):  
Martin Fuchs ◽  
Robert Sweet ◽  
Lonny Berman ◽  
Dileep Bhogadi ◽  
Wayne Hendrickson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Structure Determination ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Macromolecular Crystallography ◽  
Binding Studies ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Array Detectors ◽  
Broad Energy Range

We present the final design of the x-ray optical systems and experimental stations of the two macromolecular crystallography (MX) beamlines, FMX and AMX, at the National Synchrotron Light Source-II (NSLS-II). Along with its companion x-ray scattering beamline, LIX, this suite of Advanced Beamlines for Biological Investigations with X-rays (ABBIX, [1]) will begin user operation in 2016. The pair of MX beamlines with complementary and overlapping capabilities is located at canted undulators (IVU21) in sector 17-ID. The Frontier Microfocusing Macromolecular Crystallography beamline (FMX) will deliver a photon flux of ~5x10^12 ph/s at a wavelength of 1 Å into a spot of 1 - 50 µm size. It will cover a broad energy range from 5 - 30 keV, corresponding to wavelengths from 0.4 - 2.5 Å. The highly Automated Macromolecular Crystallography beamline (AMX) will be optimized for high throughput applications, with beam sizes from 4 - 100 µm, an energy range of 5 - 18 keV (0.7 - 2.5 Å), and a flux at 1 Å of ~10^13 ph/s. Central components of the in-house-developed experimental stations are a 100 nm sphere of confusion goniometer with a horizontal axis, piezo-slits to provide dynamic beam size changes during diffraction experiments, a dedicated secondary goniometer for crystallization plates, and sample- and plate-changing robots. FMX and AMX will support a broad range of biomedical structure determination methods from serial crystallography on micron-sized crystals, to structure determination of complexes in large unit cells, to rapid sample screening and data collection of crystals in trays, for instance to characterize membrane protein crystals and to conduct ligand-binding studies. Together with the solution scattering program at LIX, the new beamlines will offer unique opportunities for advanced diffraction experiments with micro- and mini-beams, with next generation hybrid pixel array detectors and emerging crystal delivery methods such as acoustic droplet ejection. This work is supported by the US National Institutes of Health.

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