scholarly journals SDG 13 and the entwining of climate and sustainability metagovernance: an archaeological–genealogical analysis of goals-based climate governance

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 1731-1759
Author(s):  
Robert Charnock ◽  
Keith Hoskin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Network Governance ◽  
Recent Measurement ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Truth Claims ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Urgent Action

PurposeThis paper brings insights from accounting scholarship to the measurement and reporting challenges of metagovernance approaches to sustainable development. Where scholarship on metagovernance—the combination of market, hierarchical and network governance—proposes deductive approaches to such challenges, we contend that a historically informed “abductive” approach offers valuable insight into the realpolitik of intergovernmental frameworks.Design/methodology/approachThe paper adopts a Foucauldian “archaeological–genealogical” method to investigate the inclusion of climate change as a Sustainable Development Goal (SDG). It analyses more than 100 documents and texts, tracking the statement forms that crystallise prevailing truth claims across the development of climate and SDG metagovernance.FindingsWe show how the truth claims now enshrined in the Paris Agreement on Climate Change constrained the conceptualisation and operationalisation of SDG 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts. The paper thereby reframes recent measurement and reporting challenges as outcomes of conceptual conflicts between the technicist emphasis of divisions within the United Nations and the truth claims enshrined in intergovernmental agreements.Originality/valueThis paper demonstrates how an archaeological–genealogical approach may start to address the measurement and reporting challenges facing climate and SDG metagovernance. It also highlights that the two degrees target on climate change has a manifest variability of interpretation and shows how this characteristic has become pivotal to operationalising climate metagovernance in a manner that respects the sovereignty of developing nations.

Developing Climate Change Literacy to Combat Climate Change and Its Impacts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Human Species ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Vital Element ◽  
Urgent Action

<p>If literacy can be defined as competence or knowledge in a specific area, then climate change literacy is competence or knowledge in the area of climate change, its impacts, and its solutions. Climate change literacy is a vital element in strategies for meeting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 13: "Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts" — and, frankly, safeguarding the survival of the human species and most life on Earth. Developing climate change literacy in individuals, institutions, and societies entails understanding why it is important, who must be involved, what it includes, where and when it takes place, how to deal with challenges that arise, and what the end result, a climate-change-literate citizen, will look like.</p>

scholarly journals How Does the Arctic Council Support Conservation of Arctic Biodiversity?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 5042
Author(s):  
Tom Barry ◽  
Brynhildur Daviðsdóttir ◽  
Níels Einarsson ◽  
Oran R. Young
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Council ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Conflicting Demands ◽  
Agent Of Change ◽  
Insight Into

The Arctic Council is an intergovernmental forum promoting cooperation, coordination and interaction among Arctic states, indigenous communities, and peoples on issues of common importance. The rising geo-political importance of the Arctic and the onset of climate change has resulted in the Council becoming a focus of increasing interest from both inside and beyond the Arctic. This has resulted in new demands placed on the Council, attracting an increasing number of participants, and instigating a period of transformation as Arctic states work to find a way to balance conflicting demands to improve the Council’s effectiveness and take care of national interests. This paper considers whether, during this time of change, the Council is having an impact on the issues it was formed to address, i.e., environmental protection and sustainable development. To provide answers, it looks at how the Council reports on and evaluates progress towards the implementation of recommendations it makes regarding biodiversity, how it identifies where activities have had impacts and uncovers the mechanisms through which they were successful, to provide an insight into how the Arctic Council can be an agent of change.

Correlation between sustainability education and engineering students’ attitudes towards sustainability

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuok Ho Daniel Tang
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Sustainability Education ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fundamental Knowledge ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Development Course ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the impacts of a sustainable development course on the beliefs, attitudes and intentions of a cohort of engineering students in a university in Miri, Malaysia, towards sustainability. Design/methodology/approach Questionnaire survey was conducted among the cohort of students encompassing the three facets mentioned. Findings The respondents expressed low to medium agreement towards all the survey items related to beliefs, attitudes and intentions. A sense of moral obligation towards sustainability is linked to higher sustainability awareness, willingness to safeguard sustainability and a sense of responsibility towards sustainable development. The respondents were generally perceived to have fundamental knowledge of sustainable development. Research limitations/implications This study shows that a sustainable development course called Engineering Sustainable Development offered in a university in Miri, produced positive impacts on the beliefs, attitudes and intentions of the engineering students towards sustainable development. Sustainable development courses are generally instrumental to impart the value and practices of sustainability among university students. Originality/value As limited correlational studies on whether sustainable development courses effectively shape the beliefs and attitudes of students have been previously conducted, this study provides insight into the effectiveness of one of such courses and how the course can be further improved to enhance its effectiveness.

scholarly journals Influence of Chemotaxis and Swimming Patterns on the Virulence of the Coral PathogenVibrio coralliilyticus

2018 ◽  
Vol 200 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Blake Ushijima ◽  
Claudia C. Häse
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Wild Type Strain ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Coral Mucus ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Swimming Pattern ◽  
Vibrio Coralliilyticus ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACTChemotaxis, the directed movement toward or away from a chemical signal, can be essential to bacterial pathogens for locating hosts or avoiding hostile environments. The coral pathogenVibrio coralliilyticuschemotaxes toward coral mucus; however, chemotaxis has not been experimentally demonstrated to be important for virulence. To further examine this, in-frame mutations were constructed in genes predicted to be important forV. coralliilyticuschemotaxis. MostVibriogenomes contain multiple homologs of various chemotaxis-related genes, and two paralogs of each forcheB,cheR, andcheAwere identified. Based on single mutant analyses, the paralogscheB2,cheR2, andcheA1were essential for chemotaxis in laboratory assays. As predicted, the ΔcheA1and ΔcheR2strains had a smooth-swimming pattern, while the ΔcheB2strain displayed a zigzag pattern when observed under light microscopy. However, these mutants, unlike the parent strain, were unable to chemotax toward the known attractants coral mucus, dimethylsulfoniopropionate, andN-acetyl-d-glucosamine. The ΔcheB2strain and an aflagellate ΔfliG1strain were avirulent to coral, while the ΔcheA1and ΔcheR2strains were hypervirulent (90 to 100% infection within 14 h on average) compared to the wild-type strain (66% infection within 36 h on average). Additionally, the ΔcheA1and ΔcheR2strains appeared to better colonize coral fragments than the wild-type strain. These results suggest that although chemotaxis may be involved with infection (the ΔcheB2strain was avirulent), a smooth-swimming phenotype is important for bacterial colonization and infection. This study provides valuable insight into understandingV. coralliilyticuspathogenesis and how this pathogen may be transmitted between hosts.IMPORTANCECorals are responsible for creating the immense structures that are essential to reef ecosystems; unfortunately, pathogens like the bacteriumVibrio coralliilyticuscan cause fatal infections of reef-building coral species. However, compared to related human pathogens, the mechanisms by whichV. coralliilyticusinitiates infections and locates new coral hosts are poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of chemotaxis, the directional swimming in response to chemical signals, and bacterial swimming patterns on infection of the coralMontipora capitata. Infection experiments with different mutant strains suggested that a smooth-swimming pattern resulted in hypervirulence. These results demonstrate that the role of chemotaxis in coral infection may not be as straightforward as previously hypothesized and provide valuable insight intoV. coralliilyticuspathogenesis.

African cocoa grower disparities will mar reform plans

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Health Trends ◽  
Cocoa Products ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
Planting Season

Subject West Africa cocoa prospects. Significance Global cocoa markets are expected to remain oversupplied during the 2017/18 planting season, with Ivory Coast and Ghana -- which together account for 60% of world supplies -- expected to produce 1.9 million tonnes and 850,000 tonnes respectively. Thereafter, the slump in prices could deter investments in plantations, particularly in Ivory Coast where the farm gate price has been slashed. This could could sow the seeds of a new boom cycle -- especially if it compounds longer-term supply bottlenecks that have resulted from underinvestment in rehabilitating ageing and diseased tree stocks. Impacts Deforestation from cocoa farming will come under increased scrutiny as a result of international goals to combat climate change. Health trends in Western markets could reduce structural appetite for cocoa products amid flagging demand in emerging markets. Farmers are likely to switch to other crops like rubber and palm oil if prices fail to recover quickly.

scholarly journals Sustainable management of agriculture products value chain in responses to climate change for South-Eastern coast of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabal Barua ◽  
Syed Hafizur Rahman ◽  
Maitri Barua
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sustainable Value ◽  
Agriculture Products ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
Adaptation Options

PurposeThis paper is designed to assess the sustainable value chain approaches for marketing channel development opportunities for agricultural products in coastal Bangladesh to combat climate change through an approach of community-based adaptation options.Design/methodology/approachThe study was designed to select the potential value chain candidate and to analyze and establish a value chain map to benefit the crop farmers. In this connection, the resources of the whole context were evaluated. The approach uses few tools to generate three outputs, the last of which are the final list of value chains selected for in-depth assessment to design interventions as community-based adaptation practices of the study to combat climate change in the study areas.FindingsThe study demonstrated that the difference in the institutional circumstances of the end markets of the agriculture products is connected to the different categories of harmonization and control of the facilitating environment throughout the supply chains. National and local networks improve the value chain in terms of the value addition of the agriculture products, technology improvement, market access and profitability of the products. Strengthening the weak financial structure, focus more on formal financial systems and resolving sociocultural and climate change-induced hazard concerns are the major concerns on the development of value chains in the countries. Apparently, guarantee for good governance, checking illegal and unregulated market contexts, proper mitigation measures to climate change are some paramount important issues for the sustainable management of livelihood, yield, income and development.Practical implicationsAll kinds of stakeholders of the agriculture product value chain should focus on competitiveness and productivity and look for and exploit multiple ways to add value once initial success has been attained with a single deal. Ensuring sustainability within the value chains is an important feature to cater to the challenges and changing demands of the age.Originality/valueThe study will help to established a sustainable value chain approach in response to climate change, which process will help to existent opportunities for firms to manage the issue of climate risk by codeveloping and employing adaptation options that may be more preferred or accepted by consumers across the entire chain for the sustainable management of livelihood, yield, income and development.

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