Gender budgeting: a vital element for ensuring sustainable development

The article aims to highlight the latest approaches to the introduction of countries gender budgeting. The authors propose the application of the method of ranking countries based on 4 key indicators related to the gender gap (Economic participation and opportunity, Educational attainment, Health and survival, Political empowerment) of the Global gender gap index and then analyse the result considering the level of socio-economic development of each country. Ten sample countries were randomly chosen. The results of the study confirmed the mutual influence between the gender gap and socio-economic development. The proposed method of ranking countries compared to socio-economic, political and environmental development allows countries with a high value of the gender gap index to offer specific tools to reduce it. The research conducted can help improve existing practices, facilitate initiatives to develop gender parity and further work on geographical and sectoral orientation.

Safeguards for the Future

Safeguards have evolved as a result of new circumstances, institutions, technologies and practices, including cultural phenomena. This chapter examines safeguards from a historical perspective as the product of a political process that resulted in the negotiation of safeguards instruments. In particular, the chapter addresses the IAEA safeguards from the perspective that adaptation of the legal framework for safeguards is necessary and often difficult. Major change will only occur through a political process, not a legal one, involving Member States of the IAEA. The change will be facilitated through the IAEA Secretariat’s role in strengthening safeguards implementation using the power and responsibilities afforded to it; the advancement of technology and techniques as a vital element of this process; and the non-technological aspects of safeguards, particularly the human element.

Appreciative Learning for Immersive Reward System in Education Game Development

Game replayability is very important in serious game to maximize the understanding for the learning content. The replayability is the result from the gameplay experience. Games have the advantage of providing a fun experience, and immersion is a vital element in game design to produce the experience. However, the design of immersion in games is often not well conceptualized so that it does not produce the expected experience. This study uses Appreciative Learning based reward system, which focuses on positive things such as peak achievements, opportunities, exploration of potential and optimism for the future. The reward activity consists of four stages, namely Discovery, Dream, Design and Destiny. Reward personalization is done by regulating reward behavior using artificial intelligence which runs in all four stages. Appreciative Learning will be used to design immersive experiences consisting of sensory, imaginary and challenge-based immersion, which are the three main elements of immersive games. Intelligent agent behavior is modeled using the Finite State Machine. This study produces an immersive reward design that is applied to the concept of Appreciative Learning in designing a serious game.

The Dutch “Digi Commissioner” (2014-2018)

The Dutch governmental digital infrastructure (Generic Digital Infrastructure; GDI) is a vital element of state functioning. This article investigates the governance of the GDI as exemplified by the activities of the Digi Commissioner (officially the ‘National Coordinator Digital Government’). In 2014 the Digi Commissioner was made responsible for coordinating and re-structuring GDI-governance. Early 2018 his tasks were transferred to the Ministry of Interior Affairs. Some progress was made, but according to the Digi Commissioner himself the GDI still leaves much to be desired and is far from future proof. The article will discuss the Dutch digital infrastructure by adopting several perspectives. First, by defining and describing the development of the GDI. Second, by analysing the activities and achievements of the Digi Commissioner. Third, by applying behavioural economics and securitization concepts offering relevant insights with regard to the (lack of) GDI-progress.

Sports at Play in American Politics

Sports have been a vital element to American entertainment for decades, which are only gaining popularity. Various sport events allow Americans to temporarily escape the stress associated with their social lives and the divisiveness of partisan politics; however, a closer look at the numerous features of sport games reveal an intricate connection between American sports and politics. With the mandatory playing of the national anthem and the integration of sports and political terminology, sport games in America have become a platform to impose various political ideals. This paper will first introduce how the usage of sport terminologies in politics can simplify a complex process into a game of “winners and losers,” which can further political polarization and disincentivize bipartisan collaboration. It will then aim to demonstrate how the imposition of novel rituals that stem from nationalistic and militaristic values can silent dissenting opinions and enforce a homogenous yet unjustified “American Identity.” However, the final part of this paper aims to showcase the alternate impacts that sports can have on politics, especially in the realm of sports-driven activism. This paper does not aim to take a stance on the exact impact that sports can have on American politics, as it is mostly likely to be multi-dimensional, but to unveil to the reader how sports, an entity that is seemingly designed as a form of escape from political agendas, can in reality have substantial impacts on America’s political atmosphere.

Sleep as Homework and Engagement in Rehabilitation

In today’s push for shorter and quicker hospitalisations, everyday life often becomes a place of rehabilitation for people after they undergo surgical procedures. In order for hospitals to manage shortened periods of admission and to facilitate post-operative rehabilitation, a patient‘s active engagement has become a central element to clinical treatment and care in Denmark. For example, in the recovery from orthopedic surgery, sleep becomes a type of "homework" assignment that is a vital element of the patient‘s rehabilitation trajectory. Building on the theoretical concept of ‘engagement’ developed by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari (2005), we examine the patient‘s relation to sleep as part of recovery; we refer to this as ‘sleep engagement.’ In particular, we analyze sleep as part of an institutional pedagogy in rehabilitation, and we ask how this pedagogy mobilizes rehabilitation for older patients after they have been admitted to the hospital for an orthopedic surgical procedure. Using ethnographic material, our analysis leads to a discussion of institutional expectations for what it means to be engaged in one's own patient trajectory. The article presents three results: 1) Expectations of sleep as an institutionally defined homework assignment are fulfilled through the establishment of the ‘rehabilitable and non rehabilitable body’; 2) As an active attempt to mobilize resources in rehabilitation, patient sleep engagement becomes part of a historical and contextual nexus; and 3) Institutional sleep potential creates new points of ambivalence—on the one hand, sleep is an optimization-promoting requirement in order to exercise while, on the other hand, the midday nap reflects an outdated view of old age that opposes an active lifestyle perspective.

Menilik Nilai – Nilai Keislaman dalam Etika Profesi Personal Pengembang Teknologi Pembelajaran

Ethical aspects as a vital element in the study of Islamic education are not given much attention in learning by educators because of sudden disruption. This research aims to examine Islamic values ​​in the professional ethics of learning technology developers, as educators who are responsible for the ethical aspects of learning technology. The research method used is a document study to analyze various literature, especially government documents that regulate the professional ethics of learning technology developers. To be specific, the analysis is limited to the aspects of attitudes in the personal code of ethics: 1) honest, 2) creative and innovative, 3) professional, 4) collaborative, 5) independent, 6) lifelong learning, and 7) openness to change. The results show that each attitude contains various Islamic values. These values ​​are related to the exemplary attitude of the Prophet Muhammad, Islamic personality, the concept of Ijtihad, the implementation of Ta'awun, and the demand for knowledge that is relevant to Islamic law.

Failure Analysis of Wind Turbine Planetary Gear

The article presents selected problems related to an analysis of damage to wind turbine planetary gear. It is the most vital element installed in wind turbines, affecting the operational costs (prolonged downtime), and costs of repairs and servicing including delivery of required components. The authors have analyzed the wear/failure of planetary gear. The process initiating fatigue wear, different from similar devices in other industries, can be easily observed in wind turbine gear. This establishes a specific direction of research into the causes, and early detection of ‘gas spots’ on gear teeth as they seem to trigger fatigue wear.

Exegesis and Politics Between East and West: Nachman Krochmal, Moses Mendelssohn, and Modern Jewish Thought

Recent scholarship on modern Jewish thought has sought to overcome the field’s Germanocentrism by recovering diverse visions of Jewish life across eastern and western Europe. While studies typically emphasize either striking differences or surprising affinities between these settings, I use the neglected eastern European philosopher Nachman Krochmal to highlight a strategy of creative appropriation and redirection—an eastern European strategy of breaking with German-Jewish philosophy precisely by deploying that tradition’s own resources. One of modern Jewish philosophy’s early episodes, I argue, is a politically charged engagement with biblical exegesis involving Krochmal and the German-Jewish thinker Moses Mendelssohn. Implicitly drawing on yet revising the treatment of biblical interpretation in Mendelssohn’s Hebrew writings, Krochmal seeks to retrieve what he sees as a vital element of Jewish politics: possessing neither a shared land nor military strength, he insists, Jews have long sustained their diasporic collective through hermeneutical endeavors such as rabbinic midrash, and they should continue to do so by launching a transnational project of historically sensitive exegesis. The resulting image of a transnational Jewish collective whose fate is separate from that of non-Jewish polities breaks with Mendelssohn’s political vision, pointing to an east-west dynamic of creative repurposing—an instance of an eastern European thinker drawing on a German-Jewish predecessor to develop a sharply contrasting philosophical vision.