Critical literature review: effectiveness of individual psychodynamic psychotherapy for adults with intellectual disabilities

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica E. McInnis
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Psychodynamic Psychotherapy ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Critical Literature

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report the evidence base for the practice of individual psychodynamic psychotherapy with adults with intellectual disabilities (IDs). Design/methodology/approach Literature review. Findings In total, 14 papers were reviewed. From these, one existing review and seven individual papers provided enough evidence to support effectiveness of individual psychodynamic psychotherapy for people with IDs. Research limitations/implications This research indicates individual psychodynamic psychotherapy to be of benefit. Indeed, all studies reviewed supported individual psychodynamic psychotherapy, but methodological shortcomings weakened the confidence placed in findings for some studies. Limitations of this review include methodological shortcomings of studies reviewed, a small number of existing studies and reliance on case studies. Practical implications Therapists and commissioners of services should routinely make individual psychodynamic psychotherapy available as part of a spectrum of therapies available to people with IDs who experience emotional and behavioural problems. This is because it is needed for some clients and they benefit. Social implications Individual psychodynamic psychotherapy for people with IDs adds to the range of therapies available to alleviate emotional distress and enhance well-being. These are necessary to provide a foundation for meaningful contribution to society, particularly for those who have experienced psychological trauma (Frankish, 2016). Originality/value This review includes more relevant studies than previous reviews and adds to a limited number of reviews in this area.

Telephone-delivered compassion-focused therapy for adults with intellectual disabilities: a case series

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregg Harry Rawlings ◽  
Kevin Paul Wright ◽  
Keeley Rolling ◽  
Nigel Beail
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Therapy ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Compassion Focused Therapy ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Telephone Therapy ◽  
Post Therapy

Purpose Services are increasingly exploring the use of remote conferencing to deliver psychological interventions, which have become particularly important given the COVID-19 pandemic and infection control guidelines. This paper aims to explore the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effectiveness of delivering psychological therapy remotely to adults with intellectual disabilities (ID). Design/methodology/approach As part of routine practice within an adult ID community health service, this paper develops a six-session programme based on compassion-focused therapy (CFT) and delivered it to six clients. Clients completed the psychological therapy outcome scale for ID 2nd edition, at assessment, pre- and post-therapy, as well as a feasibility and acceptability measure. Findings Six clients engaged in telephone therapy; four clients individually, while the remaining two were supported by their caregiver. Most clients found the intervention helpful, enjoyable and were pleased that they received telephone-delivered psychological therapy. A reduction was observed at post-therapy in distress (g = 0.33) and risk (g = 0.69). No difference was reported in psychological well-being. Five clients were subsequently discharged from psychological therapy. Originality/value To the knowledge, this is the first study examining the use of telephone therapy (including CFT) for individuals with ID. Findings add to the growing evidence suggesting individuals with ID can benefit from receiving adapted psychological therapies. Research is required to further explore the effectiveness of remote-therapies, who would most likely benefit from this approach and how remote treatments could be used within existing pathways.

scholarly journals Using Photovoice as a method to engage bereaved adults with intellectual disabilities in research: listening, learning and developing good practice principles

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 196-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulshan Tajuria ◽  
Sue Read ◽  
Helena M. Priest
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Engagement ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Principles Of Good Practice ◽  
Photovoice Methodology

Purpose People with intellectual disabilities experiencing loss or bereavement are at risk of developing additional mental health problems, and may struggle to access suitable support. The purpose of this paper is to present the adaptations done while using Photovoice as a creative method for bereaved people with intellectual disabilities participating in a research exploring loss and support. This paper will further briefly add information on how the use of Photovoice supported the development of whole research project. Design/methodology/approach This paper explores the use of Photovoice as a method of research engagement for bereaved adults with intellectual disabilities. Photovoice enables participants to take and discuss photographs illustrating their loss and support experiences. The paper focusses on a preparatory Photovoice workshop with the research participants, outlining the processes and activities used to maximise involvement, promote learning and achieve shared understanding. Findings Preparation was the key to the effectiveness of this workshop and it recommends that appropriate adaptions are useful in Photovoice with adults with intellectual disabilities effectively. The paper outlines principles of good practice for using Photovoice in this research context, which may transfer to other similar research settings. Using Photovoice facilitated later one-to-one interviews with the participants, where their photographs were discussed together. Originality/value This paper illustrates the innovative use of Photovoice methodology in research involving bereaved people with intellectual disabilities. Photovoice has not previously been used with this specific population within the bereavement and loss context, so this paper adds to the developing evidence base.

An open trial of psychodynamic psychotherapy for people with mild-moderate intellectual disabilities with waiting list and follow up control

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Skelly ◽  
Caoimhe McGeehan ◽  
Robert Usher
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Psychodynamic Psychotherapy ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Waiting List ◽  
Open Trial ◽  
Stepped Care ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Content Type ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the outcome of psychodynamic psychotherapy for people with intellectual disabilities (ID), which has a limited but supportive evidence base. Design/methodology/approach The study is a systematic open trial of flexible-length psychodynamic therapy offered in an urban community to 30 people with mild and moderate ID, presenting with significant emotional distress on the Psychological Therapies Outcome Scale for people with intellectual disabilities (PTOS-ID). Allocation to therapy was made according to an established stepped care approach according to need, and the mean number of sessions was 22.03 (range 7–47). Treatment fidelity was checked via notes review and cases excluded from analysis where there were other significant psychological interventions. Findings On both self-report (PTOS-ID) and independent ratings (Health of the Nation Outcome Scales-Learning Disability (HoNOS-LD)) recipients of therapy: did not improve while waiting for therapy; improved significantly during therapy, with large pre–post effect sizes; and retained improvements at six-month follow-up. Research limitations/implications While it is important to conduct further controlled trials, the findings provide support for previous studies. High rates of abuse and neglect were found in the sample, suggesting that more trauma-informed and relational approaches should be explored for this client group. Originality/value No other study of this size has been completed which used dedicated standardised outcome measures, with this therapy type, with both waiting list and follow-up control and with account of model fidelity.

scholarly journals Practices and roles of Irish occupational therapists’ with adults with intellectual disabilities who access supported employment services

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Joseph Hynes ◽  
Alia Harb
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Supported Employment ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Employment Services ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

Purpose Work is good for one’s health and well-being. Work for people with disabilities should be encouraged because it is therapeutic and improves participation in the society, leading to better health outcomes. It develops interpersonal relationships and enhances life quality. Work is an aspiration for many people with intellectual disability. Within research literature, there appears to be a lack of research into the experience of occupational therapists in Ireland who refer adults with intellectual disabilities to supported employment services. The purpose of this paper was to explore the experience of Irish occupational therapists who refer adults with intellectual disabilities to supported employment services. Design/methodology/approach Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with four occupational therapists recruited through the Association of Occupational Therapists of Ireland (AOTI). Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings Themes that emerged were as follows: occupational therapy participants did not directly refer adults to supported employment but received referrals; occupational therapy roles included assessments, task analysis and development of client’s skills are major components of current practice; pragmatics involved factors that facilitate and challenge; and future roles. Originality/value This paper contributes to occupational therapy practice knowledge by providing a perspective on supported employment in Ireland. Occupational therapists should continue to work in the area of supported employment to support social inclusion and enable participation. Further research with occupational therapists working in this field is required to inform practice.

scholarly journals Role-related stress and perceptions of the keyworker role among professionals supporting adults with intellectual disabilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-246
Author(s):  
John Moriarty ◽  
Daniel Regan ◽  
Rita Honan
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Single Individual ◽  
Role Clarity ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

Purpose Individuals with intellectual disabilities who are users of day and residential services will often be assigned at least one “keyworker”, a staff member who is expressly responsive to their needs and responsible for co-ordinating services with them. Keyworkers are often given their role because it is a norm in their organisation. However, given the emotionally intensive workload involved in co-ordinating care for a single individual, little attention is given to the potential stress burden of being a keyworker. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional survey study was conducted of professionals’ perceptions of the keyworker role and of levels of workplace well-being. The authors first examine differences between keyworkers and their colleagues along measures of role perception and well-being. The authors then present a new measure of keyworkers’ duties and boundaries (Key-DAB) capturing perceptions of the keyworker role by keyworkers and other staff. The measure was administered to a sample of staff (n=69) from an Irish provider of services for adults with intellectual disabilities. Alongside the new scale, the authors administered established measures of workplace well-being and locus of control (LoC) to examine construct validity and assess if perception of keyworking could be related to stress. Findings Some differences were detected between keyworkers and non-keyworkers: keyworkers had more internally oriented LoC and experienced lower work pressure than non-keyworking colleagues. The Key-DAB measure possessed favourable psychometric properties, including high internal reliability. External validity was also shown as keyworkers’ scale scores were related to LoC and to role demands. Results suggested: that keyworkers who are clear about what is expected of the keyworker are more satisfied with their role and perceive keyworking as beneficial to them; that role ambiguity and role conflict can undo these potential benefits and render the keyworker’s role a potentially hazardous one. Originality/value The authors recommend that employers provide clear guidelines and explicit training to keyworkers and suggest that the measures may be effective tools for ongoing assessment of keyworkers’ role clarity.

scholarly journals Relationship between sustainability and risk management in fashion supply chains

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 466-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyya Muhammad Rafi-Ul-Shan ◽  
David B. Grant ◽  
Patsy Perry ◽  
Shehzad Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Critical Literature

PurposeFashion supply chain (FSC) research has identified two important issues of sustainability management and risk management. However, investigation of these issues is relatively sparse and has primarily been independent with little combinatory research, despite their important interrelationships. The purpose of this paper is to address that gap by critically reviewing extant literature to synthesise important sustainability risk issues in FSCs and proposing an empirical research agenda.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses a structured literature review approach and Denyer and Tranfield’s (2009) context, intervention, mechanisms and outcome (CIMO) criteria for critical analysis to enable the development of future empirical research areas.FindingsWhile sustainability and risk are discussed independently in the supply chain literature, combinatory discussions are very limited, despite the interdependence of these concepts. There is little substantial research on sustainability risk in global FSCs and therefore, an empirical research agenda is proposed with the four research directions to address the gap and take forward the notion of supply chain sustainability risk management in FSCs: definition; organisation and management; influence on performance; and development of a conceptual framework.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper provides a critical literature review and thus lacks empirical study.Practical implicationsThis paper highlights important issues in sustainability risk management for FSCs and presents an agenda for future empirical research.Originality/valueThis paper contributes by providing a combinatory synthesis of sustainability and risk management in FSC literature and an agenda for future empirical research.

DBT and intellectual disabilities: the relationship between treatment fidelity and therapeutic adaptation

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Christopher Patterson ◽  
Jonathan Williams ◽  
Robert S.P. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Individual Therapy ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Skills Group ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Group Consultation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

Purpose There is growing literature on the application of Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) with adults with intellectual disabilities (IDs). To draw upon the evidence-base from mainstream approaches, adapted interventions must remain true to their theoretical foundations and retain key components. The purpose of this paper was to establish the extent to which DBT has been adapted for adults with ID, and whether existing adapted protocols can still be considered DBT. Design/methodology/approach The theoretical underpinnings and key components of DBT were identified. Six DBT studies were critiqued according to these criteria. Findings In terms of content, only one intervention comprised all necessary elements. All of the remaining interventions included a skills group; two included individual therapy and another two included group consultation. None of the remaining interventions provided 24-h telephone support. Furthermore, none of the studies explicitly described using dialectical strategies. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper to critically examine the evidence-base for the use of DBT in ID, particularly its fidelity.

External sources promoting resilience in adults with intellectual disabilities: A systematic literature review

2020 ◽  
pp. 174462952096194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Femke Scheffers ◽  
Xavier Moonen ◽  
Eveline van Vugt
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Network Support ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

Background: Persons with an intellectual disability are at increased risk of experiencing adversities. The current study aims at providing an overview of the research on how resilience in adults with intellectual disabilities, in the face of adversity, is supported by sources in their social network. Method: A literature review was conducted in the databases Psycinfo and Web of Science. To evaluate the quality of the included studies, the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used. Results: The themes: “ positive emotions,” “ network acceptance,” “ sense of coherence” and “ network support,” were identified as sources of resilience in the social network of the adults with intellectual disabilities. Conclusion: The current review showed that research addressing sources of resilience among persons with intellectual disabilities is scarce. In this first overview, four sources of resilience in the social network of people with intellectual disabilities were identified that interact and possibly strengthen each other.

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