Work–family lockdown: implications for a post-pandemic research agenda

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (7/8) ◽  
pp. 639-646
Author(s):  
Gary N. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Social Supports ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Family Demands ◽  
Work Family ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Employed Parents ◽  
Personal Reflections

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to consider the implications of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic for future research on the intersection of gender, work and family. Design/methodology/approach This paper offers personal reflections on needed research in a post-pandemic future. Findings This paper identifies several promising areas for future research on the intersection of gender, work and family. Research limitations/implications The paper offers numerous recommendations for a post-pandemic research agenda, including future research on essential workers, virtual workers, workers with enhanced family demands, single employed parents, social supports and issues of gender associated with these populations and topics. Social implications The paper reinforces the value of social supports at the individual, family, organizational, community and societal levels. Originality/value The paper discusses implications for future research of an original event, the COVID-19 pandemic, as it is still transpiring.

When the Burden Gets Overwhelming: Testing an Inverse U-Shaped Relation between Work-Family Conflicts and Alcohol Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Kuntsche ◽  
Emmanuel Kuntsche
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Family Conflicts ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Family Demands ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Employed Parents ◽  
High Level

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Combining work and family demands often results in conflicts increasing alcohol use. However, extreme levels of conflict may be associated with low volumes consumed. This study tests such an inverse u-shaped relationship and whether this is influenced by the source from which the conflicts mainly arise (family duties and/or work obligations). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Regression models including linear and quadratic terms were estimated based on a sample of 305 employed parents (mean age = 38.7; 52.1% mothers) in French-speaking Switzerland. <b><i>Results:</i></b> No significant gender differences were found for the total level of conflict, but men reported significantly more work conflicts influencing family life than women. A significant positive linear (<i>B</i> = 2.10, SE = 0.72) and negative quadratic (<i>B</i> = −0.60, SE = 0.26) effect was found indicating that parents with low and those with high level of conflict report drinking less alcohol than those with a medium level of conflict. This relation was independent from the underlying sources of conflict and persisted when adjusting for gender, level of employment, number of children, or age of the youngest child. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This study extends existing knowledge by demonstrating that the relationship between work-family conflicts (WFC) and alcohol use is more complex than previously assumed. To explain the inverse u-shaped relation, future studies should test two major processes: (a) holding multiple roles may cause more conflicts but will also limit the opportunities to engage in alcohol use, (b) those facing high level of WFC are a particular risk group experiencing detrimental health outcomes other than hazardous drinking, and (c) a combination of both.

The crossover effect of work–family conflict among hotel employees

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 812-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Ying Pan ◽  
Ying-Jung Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Family Conflict ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Conservation Of Resources Theory ◽  
Work Family Conflict ◽  
Crossover Effect ◽  
Family Dynamic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Family

Purpose Work–family research has established the existence of a crossover effect, wherein a given perception is transferable between two intimate persons. However, little research has been done to delineate this crossover process. Therefore, grounded in the conservation of resources theory, the present study aims to examine why and how a supervisor’s work–family conflict (WFC) is related to his or her subordinates’ WFC. The authors focus on three resource-related mechanisms and explore the consequences of subordinates’ WFC. Design/methodology/approach Questionnaire surveys were collected from 180 supervisor–subordinate dyads from five hotels. Mplus was used to test the framework. Findings The results support the notion that supervisor’s negative affect and subordinate’s workload account for the crossover effect of WFC. Moreover, subordinates’ WFC is found to be related to lower job satisfaction and higher turnover intention. Research limitations/implications The current study highlights the downward effect of supervisors’ WFC, a phenomenon that has been understudied in the extant research. Alternative mediators or moderators in the relationship between supervisors’ WFC and subordinates’ WFC can be explored by future research. Practical implications Hotels should help supervisors to effectively manage the work and family dynamic through training and changing the “face time” culture. Originality/value Grounded in the conservation of resources theory, the authors propose a framework that incorporates WFC into the crossover model.

Work-family conflict and female employees’ turnover intentions

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 636-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamoona Rasheed ◽  
Salman Iqbal ◽  
Faisal Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Family Conflict ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Work Family Conflict ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Female Employees ◽  
Work Family ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the influences of informal organisational and family support on work-family conflict (WFC) and its subsequent impact on turnover intentions among female employees. Design/methodology/approach To evaluate the WFC among female individuals, data were collected through a questionnaire distributed among female employees in the service sector in Lahore, Pakistan, by using convenience-sampling technique. The collected data were analysed through a well-known statistical technique, SEM, using AMOS software. Findings The findings suggest that supports (informal organizational and family) have no impact to resolving the issues of WFC arising because of female members of the family working. Also, it was found that WFC is positively linked to employee turnover intentions. Practical implications By addressing WFC issues, this research has key implication for WFC practically. This study has essential implications for organization, so it can reduce the WFC by creating a supportive environment to create balance amongst work and family life. Specifically, managers need to be aware of the impact that social support and WFC have on turnover intention. Originality/value This study provides the model of WFC that helps in future research. The research also improves past studies’ methodology by testing the direct and mediation impacts between the constructs specifically in female employees. This study is a valuable addition to the existing body of literature.

scholarly journals Uncovering Implicit Assumptions: Reviewing the Work–Family Interface in Family Business and Offering Opportunities for Future Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nava Michael-Tsabari ◽  
Marjan Houshmand ◽  
Vanessa M. Strike ◽  
Dorit Efrat Treister
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Boundary Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
Individual Family ◽  
Work Family ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Work Family Enrichment

The work–family interface (WFI) in family businesses (FBs) is an underrecognized area of research. The permeable nature of the boundaries in FBs between work and family is often treated as self-evident and as preventing (rather than inviting) research. We review the WFI in FBs based on 72 published articles and highlight implicit assumptions that have given rise to gaps in this literature. We show how boundary theory, the work–home resources model and the resource-based view can be used to highlight issues related to ownership, work–family enrichment, and contextual factors at the individual, family, and firm domains.

Work-family studies in the tourism and hospitality contexts

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 2422-2445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyuan (Roy) Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
Family Studies ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Holistic Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Family Issues ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality

Purpose This review aims to summarize previous research on work–family relationships in the tourism and hospitality contexts. It then integrates the various approaches into a holistic model and identifies important areas for future research. Design/methodology/approach Over 150 research papers from the past 20 years were retrieved from Elsevier Science Direct, SAGE, Emerald, Taylor & Francis and EBSCOHost. In total, 77 papers reporting empirical research were analyzed in terms of concepts, theories, antecedents, consequences and methods. Findings The major findings on work and family issues in the tourism and hospitality contexts were synthesized. Critical topics for future research were identified. A holistic model of the factors that affect work and family was developed to improve the consistency of future research. Research limitations/implications An overview of work–family studies will provide a solid research background to tourism and hospitality faculty members and graduate students who are considering research in this area. This paper is a general review of previous research, and the review focus is relatively global. Originality/value This paper is the first comprehensive summary and narrative review of work and family studies in tourism and hospitality.

Meaningful Work and Family

2019 ◽  
pp. 403-416
Author(s):  
Evgenia I. Lysova
Keyword(s):  
Meaningful Work ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Family Role ◽  
Role Salience ◽  
Harmonious Passion ◽  
Obsessive Passion ◽  
The Family ◽  
Work Family ◽  
The Individual

Experiencing one’s work as meaningful is often assumed to benefit the individual, yet some scholars suggest that meaningful work can also be a very challenging experience, requiring individual sacrifice. These sacrifices may be borne by the family of the individual. The chapter reviews and integrates research on meaningful work, calling, and work–family interplay to better understand how the pursuit of meaningful work impacts one’s family. In so doing, it challenges overly positive perspectives on the outcomes of meaningful work, while revealing the scarcity of empirical research on the topic. To stimulate future research, person-related conditions are discussed, such as family role salience and identification, and harmonious passion and obsessive passion, in facilitating positive versus negative spillover between the work and family domain. The chapter concludes with a discussion of organization-related conditions shaping how meaningful work influences one’s family.

Prioritizing work for family

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mian Zhang ◽  
Hai Li ◽  
Sharon Foley
Keyword(s):  
Work Performance ◽  
Career Planning ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Work Family Conflict ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Government ◽  
Work Family

Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to develop an indigenous understanding of work-family interface (WFI) that reflects the drastic changes and evolving social context in China over the past three decades and challenge the existing conceptualizations of WFI and identify societal impact of the changing nature of the WFI. Design/methodology/approach – We conducted literature review, content and thematic analyses. Findings – The core idea of prioritizing work for family (PWF) is that Chinese employees, especially Chinese male employees, tend to integrate work and family roles as well as deal with WFI issues at the family level. Thus, Chinese employees can be strongly committed to the family while simultaneously prioritizing work performance. Research limitations/implications – The proposed indigenous perspective of PWF may furnish a contextualized theory for future research. The proposed measurement approaches may help developing indigenous scales for the perspective of PWF for future empirical studies. Practical implications – Although Chinese employees tend to be more tolerant of work-family conflict (WFC) than their Western counterparts, such tolerance may be combined with the expectation of long-term returns to their families. Managers may assist employees with career planning and realistic goal setting to compensate for their endurance of WFC. Social implications – As a cornerstone of the society, the family plays an important role in building a “harmonious society” promoted by the government. A perceived balance of work and family is a significant factor for family harmony. We bring to the attention of policy makers the changing nature of the Chinese employees' WFI. A corresponding policy may be formulated to help Chinese employees balance their lives. Originality/value – We challenge the existing conceptualizations of WFI by proposing and elaborating a perspective of PWF for context-based conceptualization.

scholarly journals Cyborgs as frontline service employees: a research agenda

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Garry ◽  
Tracy Harwood
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Frontline Employees ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Emergent Technologies ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Service Interactions

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify and explore potential applications of cyborgian technologies within service contexts and how service providers may leverage the integration of cyborgian service actors into their service proposition. In doing so, the paper proposes a new category of “melded” frontline employees (FLEs), where advanced technologies become embodied within human actors. The paper presents potential opportunities and challenges that may arise through cyborg technological advancements and proposes a future research agenda related to these. Design/methodology/approach This study draws on literature in the fields of services management, artificial intelligence, robotics, intelligence augmentation (IA) and human intelligence to conceptualise potential cyborgian applications. Findings The paper examines how cyborg bio- and psychophysical characteristics may significantly differentiate the nature of service interactions from traditional “unenhanced” service interactions. In doing so, the authors propose “melding” as a conceptual category of technological impact on FLEs. This category reflects the embodiment of emergent technologies not previously captured within existing literature on cyborgs. The authors examine how traditional roles of FLEs will be potentially impacted by the integration of emergent cyborg technologies, such as neural interfaces and implants, into service contexts before outlining future research directions related to these, specifically highlighting the range of ethical considerations. Originality/value Service interactions with cyborg FLEs represent a new context for examining the potential impact of cyborgs. This paper explores how technological advancements will alter the individual capacities of humans to enable such employees to intuitively and empathetically create solutions to complex service challenges. In doing so, the authors augment the extant literature on cyborgs, such as the body hacking movement. The paper also outlines a research agenda to address the potential consequences of cyborgian integration.

Is cortisol as a biomarker of stress influenced by the interplay of work-family conflict, work-family balance and resilience?

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 648-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Maria Krisor ◽  
Mathias Diebig ◽  
Jens Rowold
Keyword(s):  
Family Conflict ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Work Family Conflict ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Family Balance ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Employed Parents ◽  
Work And Family Roles

Purpose – The demands of balancing work and family roles are associated with stress experiences. Stress increases if work impinges too far on what is required from one’s family while a balance between these demands tends to decreases stress. The purpose of this paper is to investigate resiliencefor the extent to which it can predict both work-family conflict (WFC) and balance (WFB). Moreover, cortisol levels will be used as a physiological indicator of stress. Design/methodology/approach – Totally, 35 employed parents with children up to the age of six took part in the study. Salivary cortisol was collected three times a day. Findings – Results show that cortisol levels are related to internal as well as external WFCs while WFB is not significantly linked with cortisol. Resilience has a beneficial influence on the mean cortisol level. Moreover, resilience is also advantageous for the work-family interplay, especially WFB. Practical implications – The study concludes with suggestions for further research and advises that organizational and individual health promoting activities should seek to implement WFB as well as resilience strategies. Originality/value – For the first time, the aim is to assess whether work-family interplay and resilience are associated with an objective biomarker of stress, namely cortisol.

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