Understanding self-efficacy and the dynamics of part-time work and career aspiration

PurposeBuilding on the self-efficacy theory and self-theories, the purpose of this paper is to investigate students working part-time whilst pursuing full-time higher education in Cambodia. It explores individuals’ part-time working activities, career aspirations and self-efficacy.Design/methodology/approachData were collected in a cross-sectional survey of 850 business and social sciences degree students, with 199 (23.4 per cent) usable responses, of which 129 (65.2 per cent of the sample) indicated they currently have a job.FindingsMultiple regression analysis confirmed part-time work as a significant predictor of self-efficacy. There was a positive recognition of the value of part-time work, particularly in informing career aspirations. Female students were significantly more positive about part-time work, demonstrating significantly higher career aspirations than males. Results also suggest that students recognise the value that work experience hold in identifying future career directions and securing the first graduate position.Practical implicationsThere are potential implications for approaches to curriculum design and learning, teaching and assessment for universities. There are also clear opportunities to integrate work-based and work-related learning experience into the curriculum and facilitate greater collaboration between higher education institutions and employers in Cambodia.Social implicationsThere are implications for recruitment practices amongst organisations seeking to maximise the benefits derived from an increasingly highly educated workforce, including skills acquisition and development, and self-efficacy.Originality/valueIt investigates the importance of income derived from part-time working to full-time university students in a developing South-East Asian country (Cambodia), where poverty levels and the need to contribute to family income potentially predominate the decision to work while studying.

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The influence of part-time work on graduates' careers

Higher Education Skills and Work-based Learning ◽

10.1108/heswbl-07-2020-0156 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Carl Evans ◽

Ceri Vaughan

Keyword(s):

Career Aspirations ◽

University Teaching ◽

Small Element ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Content Type ◽

Time Work ◽

Part Time ◽

Personal Skills ◽

Part Time Work

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore university students' perceptions about career development in relation to their part-time working and to examine whether students maximise opportunities arising in their part-time job in order to enhance their personal profile and career aspirations.Design/methodology/approachSemi-structured interviews were held with 20 degree students at a UK university. The interview was based around 19 questions, split into three sections: general; career and the part-time job.FindingsThe findings indicate that while students are aware that part-time work helps in developing personal skills, there is a lack of awareness on how part-time work can provide differentiation in the graduate jobs market and support long-term graduate careers. The conclusion discusses the implications of the findings suggesting greater awareness among students of how part-time work can drive work readiness and long-term career aspirations. It also recommends greater involvement of career advisors and university teaching colleagues in supporting this endeavour.Originality/valueWhile other papers on student working have included a small element regarding careers, this paper offers originality by focussing solely on the relationship between students' part-time work and career aspirations. Moreover, most works in this area have been quantitative studies, whereas this study is qualitatively-based.

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Relationship between education level and holding a full-time or part-time employment (Portugal 2006-2016)

Studies of Applied Economics ◽

10.25115/eea.v39i2.3717 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Beatriz López Bermúdez ◽

Carla Sofia Oliveira Silva ◽

María Jesús Freire-Seoane

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Economic Growth ◽

High Probability ◽

Maximum Level ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Education Level ◽

Full Time ◽

Time Work ◽

Part Time ◽

Part Time Work

The 2008 economic crisis produced significant setbacks in economic growth in developed countries, and countries like Portugal, in particular,were seriously harmed. Human capital is a factor of production which provides benefits to both individuals and society and, as such, it is crucial when analysing countries’ economic revivals. This article’s goal is to carry out a study of the likelihood of being employed in Portugal between 2006 and 2016, differentiating between full-time and part-time work, according to the maximum level of study attained. The results show that individuals with higher education have a high probability of having full-time work.

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Organizational commitment, job satisfaction and intention to leave: A comparative analysis between part-time and full-time faculties

Education Policy Analysis Archives ◽

10.14507/epaa.v16n22.2008 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Pep Simo ◽

Jose M Sallan ◽

Vicenç Fernandez

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Job Satisfaction ◽

Organizational Commitment ◽

Intention To Leave ◽

Full Time ◽

Time Work ◽

Part Time ◽

The Relationship ◽

Time Faculty ◽

Part Time Work

The importance of part-time work has been growing in recent years, due to its significant increase in today's societies, and higher education institutions have not been alien to this trend. The present research tries to study the relationship between organizational commitment and job satisfaction with the intention to leave the institution, comparing part-time and full-time faculty. An empirical research, grounded in the model proposed by Currivan (1999), has been undertaken, with a sample of faculty of ETSEIAT, a college of the Technical University of Catalonia. Results show the existence of the relationships with organizational commitment, job satisfaction and intention to leave predicted in the literature, and significant differences in job satisfaction and organizational commitment between part-time and full-time faculty. The paper ends with some proposals of further research.

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Relationship between education level and holding a full-time or part-time employment (Portugal 2006-2016)

Studies of Applied Economics ◽

10.25115/eea.v39i1.3717 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Beatriz López Bermúdez ◽

Carla Sofia Oliveira Silva ◽

María Jesús Freire-Seoane

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Economic Growth ◽

High Probability ◽

Maximum Level ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Education Level ◽

Full Time ◽

Time Work ◽

Part Time ◽

Part Time Work

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Under-employment to drive the West's wages and policy

Emerald Expert Briefings ◽

10.1108/oxan-db245052 ◽

2019 ◽

Keyword(s):

Blue Collar ◽

Full Time ◽

Job Seekers ◽

Job Market ◽

Content Type ◽

Advanced Economies ◽

Time Work ◽

Part Time ◽

The Impact ◽

Part Time Work

Subject The impact of working less hours on policy. Significance Part-time work is increasing across the advanced economies, including those working part time but wanting full-time work. Initially this seemed to be a distinctly Japanese problem, but it is now being recognised as a more widespread source of stagnant wages, blue-collar despair and populist politics. Impacts Weak demand since 2008 has allowed more firms to offer fewer hours to desperate job seekers, giving the under-employment trend momentum. Japan has changed its labour laws and broken down norms attached to the content of a job since the 1990s; other countries will follow. Convenience and lower wages drive firms to include under-employed workers in their workforce; only a tighter job market will end this.

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Part-time work and full-time higher education

Studies in Higher Education ◽

10.1080/03075079512331381693 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 187-202 ◽

Cited By ~ 90

Author(s):

J. Ford ◽

D. Bosworth ◽

R. Wilson

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Full Time ◽

Time Work ◽

Part Time ◽

Part Time Work

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PART-TIME WORK FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Vìsnik Sumsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu ◽

10.21272/1817-9215.2020.4-6 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 44-51

Author(s):

O. Zaitsev ◽

T. Dvorianova

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Educational Institution ◽

Education Institution ◽

Temporary Employment ◽

Full Time ◽

Higher Education Institution ◽

Time Work ◽

Part Time ◽

Main Activity ◽

Part Time Work

The article draws attention to the Ukrainian full-time students (bachelor's and master's levels of education) who want to combine their studies at a higher education institution with temporary short-term paid work. It is a situation is considered when a full-time student, who has the main activity of the study process in a higher education institution, has a desire to temporarily or once perform certain types of work in order to obtain income. For a student this work is not the main activity, but it is an activity that can take place only in his extracurricular time. In other words, our study examines current employment opportunities for full-time students (bachelor's and master's levels of education) to their free time or in extracurricular activities. This article is about the state of opportunities and directions of organizing temporary employment with payment for work performed for full-time students. The article examines that about 90-99% of full-time students do not have the opportunity to improve their financial situation by applying for a paid job in the educational institution where they study. The study presented in the article showed that in Ukraine there are from 500 to 600 thousand full-time students (bachelor's and master's levels of education) who do not have an entrepreneurially organized opportunity for fast and reliable temporary part-time work. Each student is looking for a temporary part-time job individually and individually outside of their institution. It is proposed to create such an entrepreneurial structure, which, on the one hand, tracks, collects and accumulates applications from legal entities and individuals for certain temporary jobs, and on the other hand, forms its own database of students wishing to work for pay. We are talking about a service business structure subordinated to the educational institution. In Ukraine, such structures are a rare phenomenon. Thus, according to the authors, the further development of research in the direction of the organization of student part-time work includes the development of entrepreneurial measures to create the above service structures under the direct regulation of the educational institution where the student studies.

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The Politics of Part-Time Work: Gender, Employment Status, and Preferences for Redistribution

Politics & Gender ◽

10.1017/s1743923x20000653 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-38

Author(s):

David S. Pedulla ◽

Michael J. Donnelly

Keyword(s):

Employment Status ◽

General Social Survey ◽

The United States ◽

Limited Attention ◽

Full Time ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Preferences For Redistribution ◽

Time Work ◽

Part Time ◽

Part Time Work

Abstract The social and economic forces that shape attitudes toward the welfare state are of central concern to social scientists. Scholarship in this area has paid limited attention to how working part-time, the employment status of nearly 20% of the U.S. workforce, affects redistribution preferences. In this article, we theoretically develop and empirically test an argument about the ways that part-time work, and its relationship to gender, shape redistribution preferences. We articulate two gender-differentiated pathways—one material and one about threats to social status—through which part-time work and gender may jointly shape individuals’ preferences for redistribution. We test our argument using cross-sectional and panel data from the General Social Survey in the United States. We find that the positive relationship between part-time employment, compared to full-time employment, and redistribution preferences is stronger for men than for women. Indeed, we do not detect a relationship between part-time work and redistribution preferences among women. Our results provide support for a gendered relationship between part-time employment and redistribution preferences and demonstrate that both material and status-based mechanisms shape this association.

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The Effects of Part-Time Work on Women's Occupational Mobility in Britain: Evidence from the 1958 Birth Cohort Study

National Institute Economic Review ◽

10.1177/002795011222200103 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 222 ◽

pp. R20-R37 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Shirley Dex ◽

Erzsébet Bukodi

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Large Scale ◽

Occupational Mobility ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Full Time ◽

Downward Mobility ◽

Time Work ◽

Part Time ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Part Time Work

The effects of working part time on job downgrading and upgrading are examined over the life course of British women born in 1958. We use longitudinal data with complete work histories from a large-scale nationally representative cohort study. Occupations were ranked by their hourly average earnings. Analyses show a strong link between full-time/part-time transitions and downward and upward occupational mobility over the course of up to thirty years of employment. Probabilities of occupational mobility were affected by women's personal traits, occupational characteristics and demand-side factors. Downward mobility on moving from full-time to part-time work was more likely for women at the top levels of the occupational hierarchy working in male-dominated or mixed occupations and less likely in higher occupations with more part-time jobs available.

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Gender Roles and Employment Pathways of Older Women and Men in England

SAGE Open ◽

10.1177/2158244017742690 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 215824401774269 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mariska van der Horst ◽

David Lain ◽

Sarah Vickerstaff ◽

Charlotte Clark ◽

Ben Baumberg Geiger

Keyword(s):

Gender Roles ◽

Marital Status ◽

Older Women ◽

Older Age ◽

Full Time ◽

Men And Women ◽

Male Breadwinner ◽

Time Work ◽

Part Time ◽

Part Time Work

In the context of population aging, the U.K. government is encouraging people to work longer and delay retirement, and it is claimed that many people now make “gradual” transitions from full-time to part-time work to retirement. Part-time employment in older age may, however, be largely due to women working part-time before older age, as per a U.K. “modified male breadwinner” model. This article therefore separately examines the extent to which men and women make transitions into part-time work in older age, and whether such transitions are influenced by marital status. Following older men and women over a 10-year period using the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, this article presents sequence, cluster, and multinomial logistic regression analyses. Little evidence is found for people moving into part-time work in older age. Typically, women did not work at all or they worked part-time (with some remaining in part-time work and some retiring/exiting from this activity). Consistent with a “modified male breadwinner” logic, marriage was positively related to the likelihood of women belonging to typically “female employment pathway clusters,” which mostly consist of part-time work or not being employed. Men were mostly working full-time regardless of marital status. Attempts to extend working lives among older women are therefore likely to be complicated by the influence of traditional gender roles on employment.

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