Pro forma disclosure practices of firms applying IFRS

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori Solsma ◽  
W. Mark Wilder
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Reporting Standard ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Annual Earnings ◽  
Pro Forma

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is empirically investigate the pro forma disclosure behavior of US-listed foreign firms applying International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Design/methodology/approach – The annual earnings press releases of US-listed foreign firms on the New York Stock Exchange are analyzed to compare the effect that reporting standard (specifically IFRS) has on pro forma disclosure frequency, disclosure characteristics and benchmarking. Findings – US-listed foreign firms applying IFRS report pro forma disclosures more frequently than firms using the USA’s generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), but less opportunistically. Originality/value – This paper extends Epping and Wilder’s (2011) study and contributes to the pro forma disclosure literature by providing a cross-country analysis of non-GAAP disclosure based on reporting standard (IFRS or US GAAP). Understanding the non-GAAP disclosure of firms applying IFRS is useful to investors and regulators, as more countries adopt IFRS.

scholarly journals The effect of creative corporate culture and intangibility on the performance of foreign firms traded on the NYSE

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Martins Mendes De Luca ◽  
Paulo Henrique Nobre Parente ◽  
Emanoel Mamede Sousa Silva ◽  
Ravena Rodrigues Sousa
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Corporate Performance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Generalized Least Squares ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Negative Effect

Purpose Following the tenets of resource-based view, the present study aims to investigate the effect of creative corporate culture according to the competing values framework model at the level of corporate intangibility and its respective repercussions on performance. Design/methodology/approach The sample included 117 non-USA foreign firms traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), which issued annual financial reports between 2009 and 2014 using the 20-F form. To meet the study objectives, in addition to the descriptive and comparative analyses, the authors performed regression analyses with panel data, estimating generalized least-squares, two-stage least-squares and ordinary least-squares. Findings Creative culture had a negative effect on the level of intangibility and corporate performance, while the level of intangibility did not appear to influence corporate performance. When combined, creative culture and intangibility had a potentially negative effect on corporate results. In conclusion, creative corporate culture had a negative effect on performance, even in firms with higher levels of intangibility, characterized by elements like experimentation and innovation. Originality/value Although the study hypotheses were eventually rejected, the analyses are relevant to both the academic setting and the market because of the organizational and institutional aspects evaluated, especially in relation to intangibility and creative culture and in view of the unique cross-cultural approach adopted. Within the corporate setting, the study provides a spectrum of stakeholders with tools to identify the profile of foreign firms traded on the NYSE.

scholarly journals The importance of information upon applying IFRS in financial entities that trade at the Colombian stock market

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (34) ◽  
pp. 137-152
Author(s):  
Miguel Angel Laverde Sarmiento ◽  
Jorge Fernando Garcia Carrillo ◽  
Juan Carlos Lezama Palomino ◽  
Alejandra Patiño Jacinto
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
General Level ◽  
Market Exchange ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this research is to determine whether the implementation of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in the companies of the financial sector listed on the Colombian Stock Exchange has greater relevance compared to the previous accounting regulatory framework known as Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in Colombia, for the years 2009 to 2016. Taking into account the concept of valorative relevance that indicates that the accounting information is relevant if it affects the stock price reflected in the capital market exchange. To determine this relationship, an adaptation of the model proposed by Ohlson (1995) is used, because it is the most frequently used to measure relevance. The modifications made to the model were to include accounting variables of financial instruments of assets and liabilities to better measure the impact of the IFRS. On a general level, the conclusion is reached that the valorative relevance of financial companies listed on the stock exchange between 2009 and 2016, does not change due to the application of the IFRS. The results are because the regulation that financial companies that are listed on the stock exchange of Colombia are subject to has contributed to the relevance being maintained before and after the application of the new regulatory framework. however, when carrying out the study of the information taking into account only the variables and taking into account the regulations under the IFRS, they present a greater degree of significance.

Quality and quantity of FTSE-100 segmental information reporting

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghassan H. Mardini ◽  
Sameh Ammar
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Boards Of Directors ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Reporting Standard ◽  
International Financial Reporting Standard ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Information Reporting ◽  
Ifrs 8 ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This study aims to explore the impact of international financial reporting standard no. 8 (IFRS 8) on segmental information reporting (SIR) after the post-implementation review (PIR) issued by international accounting standards board (IASB). This impact is examined in relation to quality and quantity as SIR dimensions represent, respectively, the level of reported items and segments. As a complement to this, the chief operating decision maker (CODM) identity is considered to understand the patterns of SIR dimensions. Design/methodology/approach The SIR of the UK financial times stock exchange 100 (FTSE-100) listed companies over the period 2013-2016 is the research’s scope. Several criteria were developed to ensure a representative research sample. A disclosure index approach was used facilitating the use of content analysis for data collection, which pertained to the dimensions of SIR published by the FTSE-100 following IFRS 8 PIR. Findings The IFRS 8 PIR has had several implications shaping the growing trend that is underpinned by the SIR dimensions published by FTSE-100 companies. First, the SIR quantity dimension positively corresponds over 2013-2016, but it still does not meet IASB’s demands. This, secondly, also applies to the quality dimension of SIR to uncover inconsistency with the existing knowledge being held regarding the introduction of IFRS 8. More specifically, the response of the FTSE-100 to mandatory and voluntary items seems to be in transition of substitution. Third, CODM’s identity was an insightful dimension in rationalising the understanding through the aforementioned dimensions. It is undertaken by boards of directors or executive committees and the case of the latter is associated with more disclose in relation to the CODM’s identity. Practical implications These findings reveal implications to: academics undertaking further research about IFRS 8 PIR to challenge or endorse this conclusion, using similar or alternative approaches; the stakeholders’ decision-making process; and policymakers to re-think the structure of mandatory and voluntary items. Originality/value This paper provides empirical evidence on the quality and quantity of SIR published by FTSE-100 companies following IFRS 8 PIR.

Using arguments and myths to lobby over controversial accounting issues: evidence from Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-390
Author(s):  
Noriyuki Tsunogaya ◽  
Andreas Hellmann
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Fair Value ◽  
Network Effect ◽  
International Accounting Standards ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Stakeholder Groups

Purpose This study aims to examine the (overt) arguments and (covert) myths the Business Accounting Council (BAC) members have used to lobby over controversial accounting issues, such as the application of fair value accounting (FVA) and the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in Japan. Design/methodology/approach The authors used a content analysis to examine 85 statements included in multiperiod BAC meeting minutes and 68 articles prepared by International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) representatives from Japan. Findings The results reveal that together with the arguments, myths were created and amplified by opponents of FVA and the Financial Services Agency to hide the latter’s strong regulatory power. They created these myths, using covert stories of the importance of manufacturing activities and tax accounting (for small- and medium-sized enterprises [SMEs]), to oppose mandatory IFRS adoption in Japan and, thus, to maintain vested rights in preparing the Japanese generally accepted accounting principles and Japanese accounting standards for SMEs. Originality/value First, this study contributes to the lobbying literature by focusing on the coalition (network) effect of influential stakeholder groups. Second, although lobbying activities have been investigated mostly using comment letters, this study reviews multiperiod BAC meeting minutes and articles prepared by IASB representatives from Japan. Third, the study examines both overt arguments and covert myths, both of which are important in unmasking the fundamental structures of power within influential organizations, such as government agencies and standard-setters.

Corporate governance and compliance with IFRS 7

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosra Mnif ◽  
Oumaima Znazen
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Audit Committee ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Reporting Standard ◽  
International Financial Reporting Standard ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ifrs 7 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mean Compliance

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the impact of the characteristics of two corporate governance mechanisms, namely, board of directors and audit committee (hereafter AC), on the level of compliance with International Financial Reporting Standard [hereafter International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)] 7 “Financial instruments: Disclosures” (hereafter FID). Design/methodology/approach Using a self-constructed checklist of 128 items, this research measures the compliance with IFRS 7 of 63 Canadian financial institutions listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange during a period of three years (2014-2016). Fixed effect panel regressions have been used to capture the individual effect present in authors’ data. Findings Empirical results show that the mean compliance level with IFRS 7 requirements is about 77 per cent and identify various areas of non-compliance. This level of compliance has a positive linkage with the board size and independence. Similarly, the AC independence and financial accounting expertise are shown to positively affect authors’ dependent variable. Nevertheless, CEO/chairman duality, AC size and meeting frequency are not significantly correlated with the level of compliance with IFRS 7. Originality/value This study expands prior compliance literature in the Canadian setting by examining the determinants of compliance with IFRS mandatory disclosures. Also, and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is among the first studies that have investigated the effect of corporate governance characteristics (hereafter CGC) on compliance with all IFRS 7 requirements in general.

Cautiousness on convergence of accounting standards across countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Angeloni
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Corporate Disclosure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Financial Communication ◽  
Convergence Process ◽  
The Usa

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an updated picture of the convergence process between International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (US GAAP), with IFRS clearly emerging as a global financial reporting benchmark. This study is aimed at evaluating the main benefits but also some significant issues arising from the adoption of a single set of accounting standards. Design/methodology/approach – The main examples of theoretical and empirical literature for and against IFRS implementation are reviewed. Findings – Since markets became increasingly global, the comparability of financial statements is required to enable better corporate communication and transparency to the advantage of all stakeholders. The main difficulties of IFRS adoption by the USA are explored. Practical implications – The study’s implications are to emphasize the practical obstacles to resolving the issues of financial communication through a uniform set of standards, by highlighting the importance of taking into account other dynamics in improving the corporate disclosure domestically and globally. Originality/value – The key contribution of this study is to reflect on the best ways to reach global communication without sacrificing the effectiveness and affordability of financial reporting.

Compliance costs and comparability benefits of cross-listing

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-594
Author(s):  
Shiheng Wang ◽  
Serena Wu
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Accounting Standard ◽  
Compliance Costs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Cross Listing ◽  
Depositary Receipts

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine two channels through which accounting standard differences could affect cross-listing: compliance costs and/or comparability benefits. Design/methodology/approach The authors use two settings to disentangle the two channels. First, financial reporting requirements are more stringent for cross-listings via direct listings than cross-listings via depositary receipts; as a result, the effect of compliance costs (if any) would be manifested differently in the two venues of cross-listings. Second, some host countries allow foreign firms to report under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) without mandating IFRS for domestic firms; compared to host countries that mandate IFRS for both domestic and foreign firms, these IFRS-permitting countries provide a setting to test the importance of comparability benefits while holding constant compliance costs. Findings The authors find that prior to IFRS adoption, direct listings decrease with accounting standards differences between two countries while depositary receipts increase with such differences, consistent with the costs of complying with host country’s accounting standards affecting firms’ cross-listing decisions. After the harmonization of accounting standards, the authors find that IFRS-mandating host countries gain cross-listings from other IFRS-mandating jurisdictions, while IFRS-permitting countries do not experience such gains. These combined results suggest that accounting related compliance costs and comparability benefits both influence cross-listing decisions. Originality/value The paper employs unique settings that enable an in-depth examination of the role of compliance costs vs that of comparability benefits on cross-listing decisions. The settings employed by the authors allow them to disentangle the two channels and provide an important insight that accounting standard-related compliance costs and comparability benefits both affect cross-listing decisions.

scholarly journals The relationship between financial reporting standards and accounting irregularities: evidence from US banks

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali İhsan Akgün ◽  
Yener Altunbaş ◽  
Yurtsev Uymaz
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Bank Performance ◽  
Reporting Standards ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore whether the choice of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) vs Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) is associated with the frequency and likelihood of accounting irregularities and fraud in US banks. Design/methodology/approach The authors examine the relationship between financial reporting standards and accounting irregularities in publicly listed US banks. Using a sample of 4,284 banks with accounting irregularities observed in the USA over the period of 1996–2014. They used logit model to estimate the likelihood of corporate misreporting having been committed in terms of accounting irregularities. Findings The authors show that banks that use US GAAP exhibit better operating performance than fraudulent banks that use IFRS except for certain variables. They also find that fraudulent banks are more likely to commit accounting irregularities when they have to follow IFRS and banks have relatively better bank performance. Practical implications Overall, the empirical findings result consistent with Kohlbeck and Warfield’s (2010) find that accounting standards are linked to fewer accounting irregularities. Originality/value In this study, accounting irregularities have a significant effect on bank performance during the Dodd–Frank period. It finds that banks that choose to use IFRS are more likely to have accounting irregularities and to engage in fraud.

scholarly journals GLOBALISATION OF FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARD OF LISTED COMPANIES IN ASEAN TWO: MALAYSIA AND SINGAPORE

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daw Tin Hla ◽  
Abu Hassan bin Md Isa
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Reporting Quality ◽  
Financial Reporting Quality ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
International Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Reporting Standards ◽  
Reporting Standard ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards

Malaysia and Singapore are the top two successful economies in the ASEAN region. They are converging their national accounting standards with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) in an attempt to be more globalised. The globalisation of financial reporting standard is not just accounting focus but also for enhancing the quality and transparency of financial reporting of the firms in these countries. Investors and the other stakeholders rely on financial information reported by the firms on their websites to enable the information to access globally. This study focuses on the globalisation of financial reporting standards, corporate governance and transparency practice by the firms listed on Bursa Malaysia and Singapore. It is to analyse the level of financial reporting quality of the firms in compliance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in their annual reports by using disclosure analysis. Additionally, it determines the association between the financial reporting quality with IFRS compliance, and corporate governance and transparency practice of the firms listed on the main markets of Bursa Malaysia and main board of Singapore Stock Exchange (SGX), using multiple regression analysis. The finding of this study highlights the association of higher level of financial reporting quality with IFRS compliance of the firms, and their good corporate governance and transparency practice are positively associated in these two countries. This study also provides some opportunities to achieve sustainable convergence with the International Financial Reporting Standards of the firms by improving corporate governance and transparency in ASEAN countries.Keywords: International Financial Reporting Standards; Corporate Governance; Transparency and Disclosure Practice; Malaysia and Singapore.

Does corporate diversification enhance accrual quality?

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-219
Author(s):  
Shih-Chu Chou ◽  
Chunchia (Amy) Chang
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Corporate Diversification ◽  
Accrual Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Downward Bias

Purpose This study aims to examine the association between corporate diversification and accrual quality and test whether the diversification effect hypothesis, which predicts that measurement errors in accruals ultimately decline as firms become more diversified, or the measurement error hypothesis, which predicts that these errors increase, prevails. Design/methodology/approach This study modifies an existing empirical framework that uses the downward bias inherent in earnings persistence to measure accrual reliability and applies it to a sample of firms listed on the New York Stock Exchange, American Stock Exchange and NASDAQ from 1998 to 2016. Findings The results indicate a significantly positive association between firms’ diversification level and accrual reliability, which suggests that the diversification effect dominates the measurement errors effect, leading to an increase in firms’ accrual quality. The authors also found additional evidence suggesting that this positive association is more pronounced when a firm’s underlying operating activities among segments are less correlated, which is consistent with the fact that the diversification effect becomes more evident if a firm participates in diverse lines of business. Originality/value This study proposes that applying fewer sets of estimation methods or assumptions to a cluster of segments could yield more measurement errors in accruals. It fills a research gap by showing that the portfolio diversification effect mitigates the detrimental effect of measurement errors in consolidated financial reporting.

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