3D virtual fit assessment and modeling: liquid cooling and ventilation garment

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Weiss ◽  
Yaritza Hernandez ◽  
K. Han Kim ◽  
Sudhakar L. Rajulu
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extravehicular Activity ◽  
Body Contact ◽  
Cad Models ◽  
Design Process Modeling

PurposeThe suboptimal fit of a spacesuit can interfere with a crewmember's performance and is regarded as a potential risk factor for injury. To quantify suit fit, a virtual fit assessment model was previously developed to identify suit-to-body contact and interference using 3D human body scans and suit CAD models. However, ancillary suit components and garments worn inside of the suit have not been incorporated.Design/methodology/approachThis study was conducted to predict a 3D model of the liquid cooling and ventilation garment (LCVG) from an arbitrary person's body scan. A total of 14 subjects were scanned in a scan wear and LCVG condition. A statistical model was generated using principal component analysis and random forest regression technique.FindingsThe model was able to predict the geometry of the LCVG layer at the accuracy of 5.3 cm maximum error and 1.7 cm root mean square error. The errors were more pronounced for the arms and lower torso, while the thighs and upper torso regions, which are critical for suit fit assessments, show more accurate predictions. A case study of suit fit with and without the LCVG model demonstrated that the new model can enhance the scope and accuracy of future spacesuit assessments.Originality/valueThe capabilities resulting from these modeling techniques would greatly expand the assessments of fit of the garment on various anthropometries. The results from this study can significantly improve the design process modeling and initial suit sizing efforts to optimize crew performance during extravehicular activity training and missions.

A model for evaluating eHealth preparedness – a case study approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salifu Yusif ◽  
Abdul Hafeez-Baig ◽  
Jeffrey Soar
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Health Care Environment ◽  
Readiness Assessment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Survey Instruments ◽  
Composite Variables

Purpose This paper aims to validate an initially developed e-Health readiness assessment model. Design/methodology/approach The authors thematically analysed an initial qualitative data collected and used the outcome to develop survey instruments for this study. To collect the quantitative data, the authors used the drop and collect survey approach given the research setting. The quantitative data was analysed using factor and regression analyses of SPSS 23 in which hypotheses formulated were tested. Findings The results suggest that the model [R2 = 0.971; F (5, 214) = 1414.303], which is made up of readiness assessment factors (constructs) and measuring tools explain about 97% of the variance of the overall health information technology/e-Health adoption readiness at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. The measuring tools were reliable for assessing the composite variables (constructs): technology readiness; operational resource readiness; organizational and cultural readiness; regulatory and policy readiness; and core readiness, which have significant influence on eHealth adoption readiness assessment.. Originality/value This study has successfully validated empirically developed eHealth readiness assessment model with complete reliable indicators given that existing eHealth readiness assessment models have not been effective due to a general lack of standard indicators for measuring assessment factors. The study also contributes to the growing research on the adoption of information technology/systems in health-care environment using the Technology–Organization–Environment framework.

Assessment model of lean effect (AMLE)

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samah Elrhanimi ◽  
Laila EL Abbadi
Keyword(s):  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Scoring Rules ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Global Reporting Initiative ◽  
Performance Measurements ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Iso 26000 ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Global Performance

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present the “Assessment Model of Lean Effect” (AMLE), a theoretical model that measures Lean manufacturing implementation effect over the global performance of a company.Design/methodology/approachAMLE model is divided in two criteria types: the “Facilitators criteria” and the “Results criteria”. “Results criteria” are inspired from the European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM), Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) and ISO 26000. The “Facilitators criteria” are based on the main philosophy of the Lean manufacturing, which is the total elimination of all types of waste. The development of the scoring scale was based on the results, approach, deployment, assessment and review (RADAR) philosophy and the experience of nine consultants from the automotive field; the choice of the consultants was based on three conditions. Furthermore, each consultant has his\her own weight according to its expertise. Lastly, the AMLE was validated via a case study set in an automotive industry company called FEBA. The validation process is divided in two different steps: the first step is related to Facilitators assessment and scoring; via the evaluation of the different projects implemented by FEBA to eliminate the different types of waste. The second step concerns Results assessment and scoring, via the evaluation of the performance measurements used by FEBA to assess the effect of the Facilitators' implementation.FindingsThe developed model (AMLE) enabled the Lean manufacturing effect assessment on the global performance of a firm from the automotive field. The case study results reveal that the aforementioned firm does not give priority to social measurements. Consequently, the performance of the firm was negatively impacted.Research limitations/implicationsThe criteria of AMLE are inspired from the definition of the Lean manufacturing given by Taiichi Ohno, from ISO 26000 and from GRI; meaning that these criteria could be adjusted if other references existed or developed. In addition, the scoring rules are established according to the experience of a limited number of consultants from the automotive field. The scoring rules establishment would lead to meaningful outcomes, if the number of participants was increased. During the assessment of the global performance, the perception of the auditor plays an important role in terms of scoring because the scoring rules allow the possibility to the auditor to give from the minimum to the maximum of the score, according to his perception and experience. For the case study, the validation of the developed model requires starting with the “Facilitators” implementation process and then measure the generated global performance. However, due to time constraints and limited opportunities for new projects, the validation was based only on existing projects managed by the firm. To address the study limitations, it is envisaged to detail and explain the scoring rules while extending the number of consultants. Furthermore, the assessment of Lean manufacturing global performance through the AMLE model may be subjective and requires a mathematical modeling. In fact, the Lean manufacturing performance assessment via the developed model could have a degree of subjectivity; that is why the design of a mathematical model seems required.Practical implicationsThe research findings may direct practitioners and decision makers to the importance of assessing the global effect of the Lean manufacturing on the overall performance of the firm. The AMLE model is a tool allowing the assessment of Lean manufacturing effect over economic, environmental and social performances.Originality/valueThe developed model is the first one assessing the global performance generated by the elimination of waste via the application of the Lean manufacturing.

Dynamic safety prewarning mechanism of human–machine–environment using computer vision

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1813-1833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenpei Xu ◽  
Ting-Kwei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Safety Information ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Risk Assessment Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Risk Levels

PurposeThis study provides a safety prewarning mechanism, which includes a comprehensive risk assessment model and a safety prewarning system. The comprehensive risk assessment model is capable of assessing nine safety indicators, which can be categorised into workers’ behaviour, environment and machine-related safety indicators, and the model is embedded in the safety prewarning system. The safety prewarning system can automatically extract safety information from surveillance cameras based on computer vision, assess risks based on the embedded comprehensive risk assessment model, categorise risks into five levels and provide timely suggestions.Design/methodology/approachFirstly, the comprehensive risk assessment model is constructed by adopting grey multihierarchical analysis method. The method combines the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the grey clustering evaluation in the grey theory. Expert knowledge, obtained through the questionnaire approach, contributes to set weights of risk indicators and evaluate risks. Secondly, a safety prewarning system is developed, including data acquisition layer, data processing layer and prewarning layer. Computer vision is applied in the system to automatically extract real-time safety information from the surveillance cameras. The safety information is then processed through the comprehensive risk assessment model and categorized into five risk levels. A case study is presented to verify the proposed mechanism.FindingsThrough a case study, the result shows that the proposed mechanism is capable of analyzing integrated human-machine-environment risk, timely categorising risks into five risk levels and providing potential suggestions.Originality/valueThe comprehensive risk assessment model is capable of assessing nine risk indicators, identifying three types of entities, workers, environment and machine on the construction site, presenting the integrated risk based on nine indicators. The proposed mechanism, which adopts expert knowledge through Building Information Modeling (BIM) safety simulation and extracts safety information based on computer vision, can perform a dynamic real-time risk analysis, categorize risks into five risk levels and provide potential suggestions to corresponding risk owners. The proposed mechanism can allow the project manager to take timely actions.

Constrained clustering method for class-based storage location assignment in warehouse

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Lung Yang ◽  
Thi Phuong Quyen Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Constrained Clustering ◽  
Clustering Method ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Assignment Model ◽  
Retrieval Efficiency ◽  
Storage Location ◽  
Component Loadings ◽  
Location Assignment

Purpose – Class-based storage has been studied extensively and proved to be an efficient storage policy. However, few literature addressed how to cluster stuck items for class-based storage. The purpose of this paper is to develop a constrained clustering method integrated with principal component analysis (PCA) to meet the need of clustering stored items with the consideration of practical storage constraints. Design/methodology/approach – In order to consider item characteristic and the associated storage restrictions, the must-link and cannot-link constraints were constructed to meet the storage requirement. The cube-per-order index (COI) which has been used for location assignment in class-based warehouse was analyzed by PCA. The proposed constrained clustering method utilizes the principal component loadings as item sub-group features to identify COI distribution of item sub-groups. The clustering results are then used for allocating storage by using the heuristic assignment model based on COI. Findings – The clustering result showed that the proposed method was able to provide better compactness among item clusters. The simulated result also shows the new location assignment by the proposed method was able to improve the retrieval efficiency by 33 percent. Practical implications – While number of items in warehouse is tremendously large, the human intervention on revealing storage constraints is going to be impossible. The developed method can be easily fit in to solve the problem no matter what the size of the data is. Originality/value – The case study demonstrated an example of practical location assignment problem with constraints. This paper also sheds a light on developing a data clustering method which can be directly applied on solving the practical data analysis issues.

Segmenting and profiling attendees of a film festival

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Báez ◽  
María Devesa
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Factorial Analysis ◽  
Discrete Groups ◽  
Film Festival ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Motivation Factors ◽  
The City

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse film festival spectators on the basis of their motives for attending as well as other variables linked to cultural consumption, the evaluation of the event and certain sociodemographic characteristics of attendees. Design/methodology/approach – Survey data were collected at the Valdivia International Film Festival, the case study. In order to achieve the goals of the paper, a variety of statistical methods and techniques were used. First, principal component factorial analysis was applied to identify the underlying motivational dimensions. Second, the authors adopted cluster analysis based on the dimensions pinpointed in the factorial analysis in order to segment festival attendees. Finally, analysis of variance and χ2 analysis were applied to establish each group's profile. Findings – The empirical research reveals three motivation factors (discovery, entertainment and cinema) and three discrete groups of spectators, labelled as socially indifferent, film lovers and enthusiasts). They present different profiles from a consumption viewpoint. Research limitations/implications – The results provide useful insights into cultural policy and management of this kind of events, and even for those in charge of tourism policies in the city and the region. Originality/value – The paper aims to contribute to the literature addressing festival motivation for the specific case of a film festival, a field for which there are almost no studies into motivation, in a given geographical area South America which is active in creating festivals.

Assessment of performance using MPSS based DEA

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 624-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhadip Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cost Strategy ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Most Productive Scale Size ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – Identification of the best school among other competitors is done using a new technique called most productive scale size based data envelopment analysis (DEA). The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach – A non-central principal component analysis is used here to create a new plane according to the constant return to scale. This plane contains only ultimate performers. Findings – The new method has a complete discord with the results of CCR DEA. However, after incorporating the ultimate performers in the original data set this difference was eliminated. Practical implications – The proposed frontier provides a way to identify those DMUs which follow cost strategy proposed by Porter. Originality/value – A case study of six schools is incorporated here to identify the superior school and also to visualize gaps in their performances.

A hybrid PCA-AHP-Multi-grade Fuzzy approach to assess marketing-based flexibility

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruchi Mishra ◽  
Onkar Nath Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Fuzzy Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pca Method ◽  
Plant Level ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Number Of Firms

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel hybrid approach to assess marketing-based flexibility with respect to its source factors, enablers and attributes. Design/methodology/approach The study demonstrates an application of a hybrid principal component analysis (PCA)-analytical hierarchical process (AHP)-multi-grade fuzzy approach (MFA) to measure marketing-based flexibility. Using PCA method, attributes, enablers and source factors of marketing-based flexibility were identified and a conceptual model was developed. AHP and MFA were used to compute marketing-based flexibility index. Findings The proposed approach measures existing level of marketing-based flexibility and therefore it identifies weak areas that should be taken care to improve flexibility. Research limitations/implications The scope of the study is limited to plant level. The validity of the proposed approach is shown using a case study. For generalisation point of view, the application of this proposed approach should be investigated in a large number of firms in different industrial settings. Practical implications The study gives a reliable and valid method, which combines both statistical and MCDM techniques to measure existing level of flexibility and identify weak areas for flexibility improvement. Originality/value The findings provide insight into factors that should be worked upon to improve flexibility.

Metadata-based data quality assessment

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Aljumaili ◽  
Ramin Karim ◽  
Phillip Tretten
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Data Quality Assessment ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Metadata Analysis

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop data quality (DQ) assessment model based on content analysis and metadata analysis. Design/methodology/approach A literature review of DQ assessment models has been conducted. A study of DQ key performances (KPIs) has been done. Finally, the proposed model has been developed and applied in a case study. Findings The results of this study shows that the metadata data have important information about DQ in a database and can be used to assess DQ to provide decision support for decision makers. Originality/value There is a lot of DQ assessment in the literature; however, metadata are not considered in these models. The model developed in this study is based on metadata in addition to the content analysis, to find a quantitative DQ assessment.

Characterisation of consumers of traditional foods: the case of Mexican fresh cheeses

2016 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 915-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minerva Hidalgo-Milpa ◽  
Carlos Manuel Arriaga-Jordán ◽  
Alfredo Cesín-Vargas ◽  
Angélica Espinoza-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Local Foods ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Traditional Foods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Power Of Choice

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to characterize consumers of traditional foods, taking as case study fresh cheeses produced in a village, in Central Mexico. Design/methodology/approach – Semi-structured interviews were applied to a sample of 150 consumers, selected by non-probabilistic convenience sampling. A factorial analysis by principal component analysis was performed to the data, followed by a cluster analysis. Findings – Four factors were obtained, named: artisanship, health and well-being, liking, and satisfaction with the purchase. Three consumer groups were identified: practical, in the process of valorization, and with liking and tradition. The socioeconomic characteristics of consumers do not have a relationship in the classification of groups. It is concluded that the consumption of fresh cheeses is due to a number of social and cultural attributes, and in lesser proportion, to economic aspects. Originality/value – At present, as part of life in a dynamic society, people have the power of choice in the food they consume, a process that involves cultural, social, economic, political, and ideological aspects, established by the consumers themselves, or by a determined social group to which they belong. This has not been researched in Mexico. Being an emerging economy immersed in a rapid process of globalization, studies like this contribute in similar countries of Latin America and other places to find ways to valorize local foods and products that play important roles in the development of rural communities.

Neighbourhood attachment and satisfaction: a Hong Kong’s case study

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrienne La Grange ◽  
Yung Yau
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
High Density ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Hierarchical Regression Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Density Housing

Purpose This paper aims to study neighbourhood attachment and satisfaction in a middle-class, high-density and semi-gated neighbourhood in Hong Kong. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on the findings of survey on 356 households, a principal component analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were conducted to assess how attachment and satisfaction were manifested and whether they were manifested as separate phenomena. Findings Attachment and satisfaction in neighbourhoods were manifested as separate phenomena. It was further found that residents were broadly attached to and satisfied with their neighbourhood. Of the neighbourhood characteristics identified as influencing satisfaction in previous research, the support was found only for the physical environment and safety but concluded that satisfaction was also influenced by status, neighbourhood youths’ ambition and schools. Contrary to the expectation, the authors did not find support for deeper social bonds as an element of satisfaction. The hierarchical regression analysis indicated that satisfaction may lead to increased attachment. Social implications This study offers policymakers and housing managers’ valuable insights into the management of increasingly large and complex residential neighbourhoods. It helps us understand which initiatives are likely to lead to greater attachment. Originality/value Previous studies have focused on neighbourhood attachment and satisfaction in typical low/medium-density settings. This study extends previous efforts to a high-density housing estate of Hong Kong.

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