scholarly journals Entrepreneurial performance of new-generation rural migrant entrepreneurs in China

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyu Ma ◽  
Yongmei Carol Zhang ◽  
Allan Butler ◽  
Pengyu Guo ◽  
David Bozward
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurial Performance ◽  
Rural Migrant ◽  
Rural Revitalization ◽  
Migrant Entrepreneurs ◽  
New Generation

PurposeChina has a new rural revitalization strategy to stimulate rural transformation through modernizing rural areas and resolving their social contradictions. While social capital is recognized as an important element to rural revitalization and entrepreneurship, research into the role of psychological capital is less developed. Therefore, this paper assesses the impact of both social and psychological capital on entrepreneurial performance of Chinese new-generation rural migrant entrepreneurs (NGRMEs) who have returned to their homes to develop businesses as part of the rural revitalization revolution.Design/methodology/approachBased on a survey, data were collected from 525 NGRMEs in Shaanxi province. This paper uses factor analysis to determine variables for a multiple linear regression model to investigate the impacts of dimensions of both social capital and psychological capital on NGRMEs’ entrepreneurial performance.FindingsThrough the factor analysis, social capital of these entrepreneurs consists of five dimensions (reputation, participation, networks, trust and support), psychological capital has three dimensions (innovation and risk-taking, self-efficacy and entrepreneurial happiness) and entrepreneurial performance contains four dimensions (financial, customer, learning and growth, and internal business process). Furthermore, the multiple linear regression model empirically verifies that both social capital and psychological capital significantly influence and positively correlate with NGRMEs' entrepreneurial performance.Originality/valueThis study shows the importance of how a mixture of interrelated social and psychological dimensions influence entrepreneurial performance that may contribute to the success of the Chinese rural revitalization strategy. This has serious implications when attempting to improve the lives of over 100 million rural Chinese citizens.

scholarly journals Can Social Capital and Psychological Capital Improve the Entrepreneurial Performance of the New Generation of Migrant Workers in China?

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyu Ma ◽  
Federico Topolansky Barbe ◽  
Yongmei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Opportunity Recognition ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Entrepreneurial Opportunity ◽  
Entrepreneurial Performance ◽  
Environment Perception ◽  
New Generation

The new generation of migrant workers may play a crucial role in boosting China’s rural economy. With the rise of knowledge economy and the advent of the information age, it is difficult for human capital and economic capital alone to gain advantages in entrepreneurship. Thus, the study of social capital and psychological capital becomes more prominent. Within this context, this paper explores the relationships among entrepreneurs’ psychological capital, social capital, and entrepreneurial outcomes for the new generation of migrant workers in the Shaanxi province. This study uses a quantitative research approach. Primary data were collected from 525 rural households in the Shaanxi province. A structural equation model is used to verify the association between social capital, psychological capital, and entrepreneurial performance. The psychological capital of the new generation of migrant workers is found to exert a more significant impact on their entrepreneurial opportunity recognition and entrepreneurial environment perception than social capital. Both entrepreneurial opportunity recognition and entrepreneurial environment perception of the new generation of migrant workers are conducive to the improvement of entrepreneurial performance. Nevertheless, the intermediary role of entrepreneurial opportunity recognition is more prominent than entrepreneurial environment perception.

Building members' trust in a producer company through social capital

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Chamola ◽  
Ajoy Kumar Dey ◽  
Arunaditya Sahay ◽  
Rahul Singh
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Perceived Benefit ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe paper contributes to the long-standing interest in studying the relationship of social capital and trust. It examines the relationship between social capital and trust in a producer company and the role of perceived benefits as a mediating variable.Design/methodology/approachA multistage sampling was done to collect data from 395 farmer members from five producer companies spread over three states of India. Through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) latent constructs were mapped, and composite reliability and construct validity were established. PROCESS macro of Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) was used to probe relationship between social capital and member's trust and mediation effect of perceived benefit.FindingsThe authors’ research findings establish that the social capital has a positive and significant relationship with members' trust in a producer company and perceived benefit mediates this relationship.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper contributes to reduce complexity of social capital theory by differentiating sources and benefits of social capital. It opens up the avenues of testing theoretically valid mediation effects of many other constructs.Originality/valueThe role of member's perceived benefits as a mediator between social capital and members' trust is a new knowledge to the literature of social capital.

Entrepreneurial strategies in deploying social capital

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 20-22
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Migrant Entrepreneurs ◽  
Entrepreneurial Strategies ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings This research paper concentrates on two case studies that reveal a community-oriented and a market-oriented strategy pursued by migrant entrepreneurs in one US city. The ways that social capital is deployed and the skill-based resources of the entrepreneur are key variables in the financial output of a community-centric business. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives, strategists and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Getting more than money through online crowdfunding

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Macht ◽  
Geoffrey Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Financial Capital ◽  
Message Board ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Message Boards ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Many businesses invest significant resources to develop human, social and psychological capital, yet Crowdfunding (CF) activities have the potential to build all of these non-financial forms of capital at the same time as raising finance. The purpose of this paper is to explore the non-financial forms of capital that entrepreneurs and businesses using online CF activities can gain from their backers without having to ask for it. Design/methodology/approach The study used thematic, qualitative analysis to explore the comments and queries that crowdfunders posted on the publicly visible message board of individual CF projects on Kickstarter, one of the world’s leading crowdfunding platforms (CFPs). Findings Fund-seekers can gain more than money from crowdfunders: they can enhance their own human capital (e.g. knowledge of the viability of the project), social capital (e.g. the development of a bonding relationship) and psychological capital (e.g. self-efficacy and resilience) by effectively interpreting unsolicited comments and questions. Research limitations/implications This study is based on typed comments on CFP message boards, which limits insights into underlying reasons and motivations. However, the qualitative analysis of message board comments demonstrates how this type of data can be utilised to explore crucial aspects of CF that have to date been neglected. Practical implications Comments from many crowdfunders can provide useful information to fund-seeking entrepreneurs and businesses, although some of it may require interpretation. Originality/value The opportunity for fund-seekers to gain non-financial capital from crowdfunders, without having to ask for it, has not previously been explicitly considered in the field.

Does cultural capital matter for individual job performance? A large-scale survey of the impact of cultural, social and psychological capital on individual performance in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 1352-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adailson Soares Santos ◽  
Mário Teixeira Reis Neto ◽  
Ernst Verwaal
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of cultural, social and psychological capital on the individual job performance. The authors propose and empirically test a combination of models, which originate from sociology and positive psychology, and demonstrate that cultural capital – in addition to social and psychological capital – is an important driver of individual job performance. Design/methodology/approach The paper opted for a large-scale survey research design. The sample consists of employees in several occupations who had formal contracts with companies from the public and private sector in Brazil. The measurement instrument is developed and tested by using data collected among 369 valid respondents in 2016. The methods applied include exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis through partial least squares estimation. Findings The results obtained indicate that there is a significant simultaneous positive effect of cultural, social and psychological capital on individual job performance. The results indicate that cultural, psychological and social capitals together were able to explain 57 percent of the respondents’ individual job performance, with psychological capital being the dominant driver. The authors also find that cultural capital is at least as important as driver of individual job performance as social capital. Research limitations/implications Because of the chosen research approach, the research results may have limited generalizability and may suffer from potential bias in terms of social desirability. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the propositions in different country contexts using different research methods. Originality/value This paper is the first to quantify the relevance of Bourdieu’s cultural capital theory to the study of individual job performance, and offers tools with validated psychometric properties for its empirical assessment.

Exploring women entrepreneurs’ motivations and challenges from an institutional perspective: evidences from a patriarchal state in India

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Shastri ◽  
Shruti Shastri ◽  
Abhishek Pareek ◽  
Riddhi Sudhan Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the motivational drives of women entrepreneurs and highlight the challenges faced by women entrepreneurs operating micro, small and medium enterprises from an institutional perspective in Rajasthan – a patriarchal state in India. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on data collected from a questionnaire survey conducted from July 2018 to January 2019 on 347 women entrepreneurs operating in seven districts of Rajasthan. Descriptive and factor analysis were used to find the major motivations and challenges of the entrepreneurs. Findings The findings indicate that intrinsic factors, namely, growth, creativity, autonomy and rejecting stereotypical gender identity are primary motivations driving women entrepreneurship in Rajasthan. Further, institutions pose challenges rather than offering a motivational drive to female entrepreneurs. The two most critical challenges, which the women entrepreneurs face are gender stereotypes and the lack of social capital. In patriarchal societies, entrepreneurial roles are considered masculine than feminine. Furthermore, cultural norms reflected in gender-specific role distribution result in the problem of work-life balance. The lack of both bonding and bridging social capital in terms of family support and networks, respectively, also reflects an unfavorable informal institutional environment. Originality/value The study adds to the sparse empirical literature on the motivations and challenges of women entrepreneurs in the Indian context. This study explores the motivations and challenges of female entrepreneurs from an institutional perspective for India in general and Rajasthan, in particular, using a large, heterogeneous sample using factor analysis.

Relative effects of human capital, social capital and psychological capital on hotel employees’ job performance

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Songshan (Sam) Huang ◽  
Zhicheng Yu ◽  
Yuhong Shao ◽  
Meng Yu ◽  
Zhiyong Li
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hotel Employees ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This study examines the relative effects of human capital (HC), social capital (SC) and psychological capital (PC) on hotel employees’ job performance. Design/methodology/approach A sample of 417 employees from seven five-star hotels in China was recruited for the study. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to confirm the quality of measurement structures. Stepwise regression was used to examine the relative effects of the three capitals on hotel employees’ job performance. Findings PC was found to be the strongest predictor of self-reported job performance (SJP) among the three capitals under investigation. Education and work experience in the HC domain affected SJP, whereas SC dimensions did not. However, only education and work experience in the HC domain were found to affect supervisor-rated job performance (RJP). Practical implications Given the impact of PC on hotel employee’s SJP, human resource managers should attend to this capital in staff recruitment, retention and training and development. Originality/value This study provides a holistic comparative lens to examine the relative contribution of the three capitals on hotel employees’ job performance. This will help to further clarify the roles played by each of the capitals in hotel service work, thus advancing the development of the theories underlying each of the three capitals.

Salespersons' self-monitoring, psychological capital and sales performance

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Wang ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Yi Zheng ◽  
Ling (Alice) Jiang ◽  
Zhilin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Sales Performance ◽  
Sales Force ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adaptive Selling ◽  
Family Based

PurposeDrawing on conservation of resources (COR) theory and the motivation-opportunity-ability (MOA) framework, this study examines how salespersons' self-monitoring and psychological capital influence sales performance.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses survey data from 293 salespersons employed in China and their archival sales performance to test the hypotheses posited.FindingsThe results show that both salespersons' self-monitoring and psychological capital enhance sales performance via adaptive selling. However, these elements are primarily substitutes in influencing adaptive selling. In addition, by dividing social capital into two types (i.e. family-based social capital and customer-based social capital), the results reveal that salespersons' self-monitoring enhances family-based social capital, but not customer-based social capital. Finally, customer-based social capital, but not family-based capital, improves sales performance.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper extends the literature on sales force management, which examines various psychological traits and their influences on sales performance. While self-monitoring and psychological capital have been investigated separately, this research simultaneously examines these two factors by drawing on resource conservation theory. Furthermore, it explores how these psychological traits impact salespersons' ability development (i.e. adaptive selling) and capital accumulation (i.e., family-based social capital and customer-based social capital), which, in turn, affect sales performance.Practical implicationsThe results offer managerial insights into sales force selection and management. In particular, managers should encourage salespersons to obtain greater customer-based social capital, which is more valuable than family-based social capital in boosting sales performance.Social implicationsThe present research is also beneficial for employee psychological health management, as it seeks to illuminate the role of psychological traits, ability development and capital accumulation. It offers insights into sociological research on social capital by categorizing it into family-based and customer-based capital.Originality/valueThis paper extends the literature on salespersons' psychological traits, selling abilities and social capital by examining the impacts of self-monitoring and psychological capital on adaptive selling and social capital. Specifically, this study examines the interplay between self-monitoring and psychological capital from the perspective of resources conservation theory.

The effect of psychological capital on start-up intention among young start-up entrepreneurs

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 707-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Hyun Jin
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Psychological Capital ◽  
Entrepreneurial Performance ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This paper aims to explore the effects of the positive psychological capital of young start-up entrepreneurs on start-up intention and entrepreneurial performance and examines variations in the relationship when measures based on Hofstede’s (1980) cultural dimensions model are applied. This study aimed to analyze whether the sub-factors comprising positive psychological capital differ across distinct groups, thereby enhancing the effects on start-up intention and entrepreneurial performance. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from a total of 600 young start-up entrepreneurs from China (n = 300) and Korea (n = 300) to examine the relationship between psychological capital and start-up intention on entrepreneurial performance. To test the hypotheses, multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with covariance structure analysis was conducted using EQS6b. Findings The results of the CFA show that sub-factors that comprise positive psychological capital, namely, hope, resilience and self-efficacy, were found to have positive effects on start-up intention. However, another sub-factor, optimism, did not have a significant effect on start-up intention. In addition, the positive psychological capital of young start-up entrepreneurs was found to be closely related to start-up intention. Research limitations/implications A limitation of this study is that it fails to cover a wide range of concepts associated with psychological capital. There are likely many concepts that factor into understanding psychological capital beyond trust, the sharing of core values and the sharing of knowledge. In the future, systematic studies need to be conducted on models that review the roles of a wide range of explanatory variables for psychological capital. Practical implications The implications of this study apply in two areas. First, the academic implications involve the evaluation of psychological capital. Psychological capital is not being studied as widely as it should be in many areas of management and financial studies. Even though intrinsic factors such as psychological capital are core marketing concepts that cannot be neglected by today’s enterprises and CEOs, theories and empirical studies on these factors have made little progress. Under such circumstances, this study represents an opportunity to advance the theoretical discussion by presenting and examining new intrinsic factors associated with young start-up entrepreneurs from the perspectives of the managerial mindset, personnel management and marketing capabilities. Social implications In the early stages of the introduction of psychological capital, studies focused on the meaning of research, the development of valid measurement tools and strategies for developing psychological capital. This paper presents an empirical study on the relationship between several variables related to the positive psychological capital of entrepreneurs, start-up intention and entrepreneurial performance. On the individual level, this study focused on the relationship between psychological capital and start-up intention and entrepreneurial performance, respectively. Originality/value Existing studies on psychological capital have focused mainly on positive organizational behavior. In the early stages of the introduction of psychological capital, studies focused on the meaning of research, the development of valid measurement tools and strategies for developing psychological capital. This paper presents an empirical study on the relationship between several variables related to the positive psychological capital of entrepreneurs, start-up intention and entrepreneurial performance.

scholarly journals Expanding understanding of family social capital in crowdfunding of migrant entrepreneurial ventures

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Arshad ◽  
Adele Berndt
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Email Communication ◽  
Family Network ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financial Capacity ◽  
Family Social Capital ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Migrant Entrepreneurs ◽  
Operant Resources

Purpose The purpose of this study is to understand the role of the migrant entrepreneur’s social capital and specifically their family social capital in the success of their crowdfunding ventures. Design/methodology/approach This paper develops an exploratory single case study of the Persu Bag started by a Chinese migrant entrepreneur in the USA, which was documented through in-depth interviews, email communication, social media interactions and secondary documents publicly available. This paper draws on crowdfunding and social capital literature to fulfil the purpose and adopt the perspective of the migrant entrepreneur in the study. Findings The study shows that the crowdfunding migrant entrepreneur’s family network contributes with their operand and operant resources from both the country of residence and country of origin. Besides having financial capacity, institutional knowledge and experience from both the host and home countries, the family network in both countries make the crowdfunding immigrant entrepreneur’s families more resourceful, providing additional benefits to the crowdfunding migrant entrepreneurs in the development of the campaign and crowdfunded venture. Originality/value This study broadens the understanding of the ways migrant entrepreneurs can rely on their family social capital for building financial capacity and starting a crowdfunded venture.

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