Cotton production for the sustainable livelihoods in Punjab Pakistan: a case study of district Muzaffargarh

Purpose This study aims to analyze access of cotton growers to Sustainable Livelihoods Assets Pakistani Punjab. Design/methodology/approach This study uses the department for international development (DFID’s) sustainable livelihoods framework (DFID) (1999). Where data collection was done by using a well-structured questionnaire from 200 randomly selected cotton growers of the district Muzaffargarh. There are five livelihood assets (human assets, natural assets, financial assets, physical assets and social assets) in the SLF, this study has used three different indicators/proxies for each asset except natural assets, where four indicators were used to capture the salient features of the respondents’ access to that assets. Each indicator was given a weight by using the entropy technique to keep the consistency of the quantification. Livelihood assets indices were calculated in case of each livelihood asset for conducting Livelihood Assets Pentagon Analysis. Value of livelihood index ranged from 0–4. Findings Livelihoods Assets Pentagon analysis shows that cotton growers do not have proper access to all five livelihood assets. The asset with the highest capacity were social assets (sustainable livelihood index value = 0.3994), followed by natural assets (0.3294), financial assets (0.2511), human assets (0.2143) and physical assets (0.0897). Originality/value This study uses the SLF developed by DFID for analyzing factors affecting access to livelihoods assets of cotton growers in Pakistani Punjab. Sustainable agriculture and sustainable rural livelihoods lead to sustainable livelihoods where environment quality is taken into consideration. The study contains significant and new information.

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SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS ASSOCIATED WITH TOURISM IN THE CAM MOUNTAIN TOURIST AREA AN GIANG PROVINCE, VIETNAM

European Journal of Social Sciences Studies ◽

10.46827/ejsss.v6i4.1093 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

Author(s):

To Minh Chau

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Data Analysis ◽

International Development ◽

Sustainable Livelihoods ◽

Local People ◽

Sustainable Livelihood ◽

Socio Economic Development ◽

Environmental Development ◽

Sustainable Livelihood Framework ◽

The Uk

Learning about socio-economic development in Vietnam recently, the issue of livelihoods and sustainable livelihoods has become a research target with many different approaches. Based on the theory of sustainable livelihood framework put forward by the UK Department for International Development (DFID), the article outlines the sources of livelihood capital of local people. With the method of sociological investigation, statistics and data analysis, the article has presented the types of sustainable livelihoods associated with tourism in the Cam Mountain tourist area, An Giang province. This study also wants to replicate the types of sustainable livelihoods associated with tourism in terms of scale and quality to contribute to the economic, social, and environmental development of the locality. Article visualizations:<img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0820/a.php" alt="Hit counter" />

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Mainstreaming national adaptation programmes of action into national development plans in Lesotho

International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management ◽

10.1108/ijccsm-11-2015-0164 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (03) ◽

pp. 299-315 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Patrick Gwimbi

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Change Policy ◽

National Development ◽

Rural Livelihoods ◽

Sustainable Livelihood ◽

Vision 2020 ◽

Content Type ◽

Development Agenda ◽

Change Policy ◽

Development Plans

Purpose The concept of National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA) is advocated at international, regional and national levels. The concept is thought to foster sustainability of livelihoods against impacts of climate change. This paper analyses the mainstreaming of NAPA into national development plans in Lesotho as accentuated by policies and programmes. Design/methodology/approach The analysis is broadly qualitative and reviews policies and projects on agriculture and food security, environment, forestry, water and irrigation aimed at sustaining rural livelihoods. Data from relevant government documents, commissioned studies’ reports, literature and key stakeholders are used. Findings Although the mainstreaming entry point for NAPA is identified in the country’s Vision 2020 and National Strategic Development Plan (NSDP) 2012/13-2016/17, financial, technical, human and other resources are inadequate to ensure its effective implementation. There is little evidence of NAPA mainstreaming into development plans by the line ministries of finance and economic development other than donor-funded projects. Absence of climate change policy influence means NAPA is not well-factored into the national development agenda, as mainstreaming is difficult without appropriate policies. Most projects with effect on climate change impact abatement originate from specific sectors and are disconnected from each other. Originality/value Based on the findings, ways to leverage NAPA via mainstreaming are discussed. It is concluded that NAPA mainstreaming offers a promising avenue for initiating and promoting sustainable livelihoods in Lesotho. The study demonstrates the applicability of the presented sustainable livelihood framework.

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Sustainable Livelihood and Community Perception of Tourism Development: A Case Study of Langkawi Island, Malaysia

IAMURE International Journal of Social Sciences ◽

10.7718/ijss.v8i1.664 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

NORLIDA HANIM MOHD SALLEH ◽

SITI HAJAR MOHD IDRIS ◽

REDZUAN OTHMAN ◽

MOHD ABDULLAH ADNAN

Keyword(s):

Tourism Development ◽

Development Program ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

Financial Assets ◽

Sustainable Livelihood ◽

Community Perception ◽

United Nations Development Program ◽

Face To Face ◽

Physical Assets ◽

The Impact

This study is conducted in Langkawi Islands, Malaysia. Initially, majority ofthe people in the community are fisherfolks and farmers. In 1987, the island hasbeen declared as one of Malaysia’s tax-duty zones. By this declaration, it led to the rapid growth of the tourism industry and changed the socioeconomic pattern of the community. This study is trying to evaluate the level of livelihood sustainabilityof the community and their perception on the impact of tourism developmentin Langkawi Island. Descriptive design of livelihood sustainability frameworkdeveloped by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP, 2005) and mean analysis were utilized. Under livelihood sustainability, four assets/indicators wereanalyzed, namely: human assets, financial assets, physical assets and social assets.As for community perception, it covers three aspects that are economic, social andenvironmental aspects. Face-to-face interviews involving a total of 493 respondentswere conducted in November-December 2011. The results indicate that thedevelopment of tourism in Langkawi Island bringsbenefits to the community in terms of the increment in their human, financial, physical and social assets.Community perception also supports that they gained economically, sociallyand environmentally benefits from the development of the tourism industry inLangkawi Island. Therefore, various incentives should be given to encourage theirinvolvement in this industry.Keywords: Tourism development, community perception, sustainable livelihood,descriptive design, Malaysia

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Mining and livelihood: a microanalysis in Odisha, India

International Journal of Social Economics ◽

10.1108/ijse-03-2015-0044 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 93-113

Author(s):

Minati Sahoo ◽

Dharmabrata Mohapatra ◽

Dukhabandhu Sahoo

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Land ◽

Principal Component ◽

Physical Capital ◽

Financial Capital ◽

Sustainable Livelihood ◽

Content Type ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Physical Assets ◽

The Impact ◽

Impact Of Mining

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of mining on the livelihood of the inhabitants of Keonjhar district in Odisha, through creation of physical and financial capital using the sustainable livelihoods framework. Design/methodology/approach Principal component analysis technique and discriminant analysis were used to assess the impact of mining on the financial capital. A cross-tabulation analysis with χ2-test has also been carried out to find its impact on physical capital. Findings The study reveals that though iron ore mining helps in the augmentation of financial capital of the households, its impact on physical capital is mixed. Households in mining villages enjoy higher average annual and per capita income than those in nonmining villages. There is also a significant difference in the financial capital index of mining and nonmining villages. Even owning of physical assets like TV and motorcycle is significantly higher in mining villages than its nonmining counterparts. But mining has failed to develop the infrastructural facilities and has rendered most of the agricultural land uncultivated. Originality/value It is difficult to sustain the benefits arising out of mining over long run due to its finite life span and calls for policy interventions that can lead to sustainable livelihood to the local inhabitants.

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Farmer knowledge and willingness to pay for soil testing in Haiti

International Journal of Social Economics ◽

10.1108/ijse-02-2017-0048 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 45 (7) ◽

pp. 1109-1121

Author(s):

Senakpon Kokoye ◽

Joseph Molnar ◽

Curtis Jolly ◽

Dennis Shannon ◽

Gobena Huluka

Keyword(s):

Willingness To Pay ◽

International Development ◽

Latent Variables ◽

Choice Model ◽

Structural Equations ◽

Soil Testing ◽

Farm Size ◽

Content Type ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Fertilizer Use

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate factors affecting farmers’ perceptions and knowledge of soil testing benefits and fertilizers use in Northern Haiti. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 452 farmers within 17 localities in Northern Haiti. The findings reveal that farmers currently have little or no knowledge of soil testing benefits and but know better about fertilizer use. The soil testing benefits and knowledge on fertilizers use were collected using Likert scale. Analyses were done using structural equations model and choice model. Findings Factors such as farm size, participation in project, rice, banana and cocoa growers, affect farmers’ perceptions and knowledge of soil testing benefits. Factors affecting willingness to pay include group membership, type of crops grown, whether farmer’ land is on the slope, his farm size and whether he participates in the US Agency for International Development (USAID) project. Knowledge on fertilizer use is influenced by rice and banana growers, fertilizer use, participation in soil testing program and AVANSE/USAID. The effects of both latent variables are found to be positive but non-significant. Practical implications As policy implication; farmers need training module to be better informed on soil testing benefits. Originality/value Soil testing is a novel agricultural input that is being popularized in developing countries. For sustainability of the laboratory to be installed, this study is needed to fill the gap in research on farmers’ behaviors toward and demand of soil testing in Northern Haiti.

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Resilience Thinking and Strategies to Reclaim Sustainable Rural Livelihoods: Cascade Tank-Village System (CTVS) in Sri Lanka

10.20944/preprints202010.0216.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Gavin Melles ◽

Ethmadalage Dineth Perera

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Rural Development ◽

Sustainable Livelihoods ◽

Rural Livelihoods ◽

Sustainable Livelihood ◽

Resource Limitations ◽

Social Ecological ◽

Resilience Thinking ◽

Poor Access ◽

Dry Zone

Cascading Tank Village Systems (CTVSs) of Sri Lanka historically provided a resilient community-based social-ecological water management system in the rural dryzone of Sri Lanka [1]. The CTVS has been described as the ‘lifeblood’ of communities in the rural dry zone [2] and as a globally important Agricultural Heritage System by the FAO [3]. After being abandoned for many centuries, their restoration is now being pursued by different national and international actors as a key to climate change mitigation and sustainable livelihoods for communities [4]. Rural livelihoods in the dry zone are at risk due to multiple factors, poor access and management of water, economic and health pressures, as well as resource limitations and degradation [5]. Despite recent efforts to restore CTVS systems, no social-ecological approach (SES) nor sustainable livelihoods framework (SLF) focused approach to ensuring resilient and sustainable livelihood outcomes has been taken [6]. As part of an on-going PhD project, this paper describes the background, current challenges and potential for an SES focused resilience thinking approach to CTVS combined with a focus on sustainable livelihoods for future sustainable livelihood opportunities and outcomes. The study finds current restoration efforts are at a crossroads between restoring the past (system adaptability) or transforming for the future. It introduces relevant SES and resilience thinking concepts and analyses the CTVS from this perspective. A particular contribution of this study is to point to the significant overlaps and complementarities in social-ecological (SES) resilience thinking and SLF approaches to analysis and proposals for resilient rural development. Employing resilience thinking principles it recommends strategies to create positive livelihood outcomes for communities and households. Keywords: cascading tank village system; sustainable livelihoods; resilience thinking; Sri Lanka; rural dry zone; community rural development

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RURAL LIVELIHOODS TRANSITIONS: TOWARDS AN INTEGRATION OF THE SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS APPROACH AND THE MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE

Proccedings of International Scientific Conference "RURAL DEVELOPMENT 2017" ◽

10.15544/rd.2017.242 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hamid EL BILALI ◽

Michael HAUSER ◽

Sinisa BERJAN ◽

Otilija MISECKAITE ◽

Lorenz PROBST

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Empirical Work ◽

Sustainable Livelihoods ◽

Rural Livelihoods ◽

Livelihood Diversification ◽

Sustainable Livelihood ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Multi Level ◽

Agricultural Transitions

In rural areas, especially in low and middle-income countries, livelihoods have to diversify to include new on- and off-farm activities. However, sustainable livelihood concepts have so far not sufficiently accommodated transition dynamics. Mostly, rural livelihoods and sustainability transitions are addressed separately in the scientific literature. The aim of this review paper is to explore opportunities to integrate the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach (SLA) and the Multi-Level Perspective (MLP) on transitions. We provide an overview of the SLA and MLP. We then focus on the conceptual linkages between SLA and MLP, in particular regarding livelihood diversification strategies. Our review shows that the conceptual overlaps of the SLA and the MLP allow for a meaningful combination of both approaches to harness their respective strengths. Vulnerabilities from the SLA perspective (e.g. shocks, trends, changes) are considered at the landscape level in MLP. Policies, institutions, processes in SLA are part of ‘regime’ in the MLP heuristic. The livelihood diversification in SLA, e.g. the development of new on- and off-farm activities, can be described as niches in MLP. Some empirical work on agricultural transitions from the MLP perspective has adopted a territorial approach to take into consideration the pluri-activity of farms and the interactions between different subsystems (food, energy and tourism). This resonates well with the idea of livelihood diversification as a strategy in SLA. We conclude that integrating SLA and MLP will help to better understand livelihood diversification processes and we provide a preliminary proposal for a livelihood transition framework.

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The livelihood impacts of the Namibian community based natural resource management programme: a meta-synthesis

Environmental Conservation ◽

10.1017/s0376892910000202 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 45-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

HELEN SUICH

Keyword(s):

Resource Management ◽

Natural Resource Management ◽

Natural Resource ◽

Contextual Information ◽

Rural Livelihoods ◽

Community Based ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Household Level ◽

Physical Assets ◽

Management Institutions

SUMMARYCommunity based natural resource management (CBNRM) programmes aim to achieve the joint objectives of biodiversity conservation and improved rural livelihoods by providing incentives to sustainably manage relevant resources. Since 1998, more than 50 natural resource management institutions, known as conservancies, have been established in order to manage wildlife resources, on communal lands in Namibia. The national programme is often cited as a CBNRM success; however, despite its rapid spread, there are few systematically collected or analysed household-level data which demonstrate the long-term ecological, social and economic impacts of Namibian programme. A meta-synthesis was undertaken to determine the range of positive and negative livelihood impacts resulting from CBNRM programme activities in two key regions, and the factors affecting how these impacts have been felt by households or individuals. Impacts were categorized according to any changes in access to and/or returns from the five key assets of the sustainable livelihoods framework, namely financial, human, natural, physical and social assets. Positive and negative impacts were felt on financial, human, natural and social assets; only positive impacts were identified as affecting physical assets. Individual- and household-level impacts differed depending on the specific activities implemented locally and, according to the duration, frequency and timing of the impacts, the circumstances and preferences of households and their access to particular activities and consequent impacts. If a greater understanding of the extent and importance of different impacts is to be gained in the future, more rigorous and comprehensive data collection and analysis will need to be undertaken. Analyses will need to consider the whole range of activities implemented, both the benefits and costs associated with these different activities, and will also need to provide contextual information to allow the relative importance of impacts resulting from CBNRM activities to be better understood.

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Evaluation of Sustainable Livelihoods in the Context of Disaster Vulnerability: A Case Study of Shenzha County in Tibet, China

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11102874 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 2874 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yannan Zhao ◽

Jie Fan ◽

Bo Liang ◽

Lu Zhang

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Livelihoods ◽

Livelihood Strategies ◽

Financial Assets ◽

Persistent Problem ◽

Livelihood Assets ◽

Prone Area ◽

Research Gap ◽

The Difference ◽

Management Capabilities

The issue of achieving sustainable livelihoods (SL) is a persistent problem that has gained significant interest for all countries. Even though contexts of vulnerability have been highlighted to be critical to SL, the difference of SL under vulnerability contexts, particularly disaster, has been ignored. As one disaster-prone area, there is an urgent need to conduct studies on SL in Shenzha, within the context of the construction of a national park. This paper proposes to address this research gap by evaluating SL under various disaster contexts in Shenzha, China. According to the frequency of natural disasters, towns in Shenzha can be divided into three groups: Snowstorm and windstorm-dominated towns (SWT), mixed towns (MT) and drought-dominated towns (DT). The results showed that (1) a great disparity of SL can be observed among the three vulnerability groups. The scores of these SL were sorted into descending order as: DT > SWT > MT. (2) In detail, herdsmen in DT have a high value of SL because they have high livelihood assets, livelihood strategies and disaster management capabilities. (3) Herdsmen in SWT have high livelihood assets, particularly human and financial assets, and livelihood strategies. (4) The low livelihood assets and livelihood strategies have restricted the SL of herdsmen in MT. An analysis of SL under various disaster contexts helped to depict the characteristics of SL. Accordingly, targeted policies were developed for the development of SL under various disaster contexts.

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Resilience Thinking and Strategies to Reclaim Sustainable Rural Livelihoods: Cascade Tank-Village System (CTVS) in Sri Lanka

Challenges ◽

10.3390/challe11020027 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 27

Author(s):

Gavin Melles ◽

Ethmadalage Dineth Perera

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Sustainable Livelihoods ◽

Rural Livelihoods ◽

Future Market ◽

Sustainable Livelihood ◽

Social Ecological ◽

Resilience Thinking ◽

Poor Access ◽

Dry Zone ◽

Complex Adaptive

Cascading Tank Village Systems (CTVSs) of Sri Lanka historically provided a resilient community-based social-ecological water management system in the rural dry zone of Sri Lanka After being abandoned for many centuries, their restoration is now being pursued by different national and international actors as a key to climate change mitigation and sustainable livelihoods for communities. Rural livelihoods in the dry zone are at risk due to multiple factors, poor access and management of water, economic and health pressures, as well as resource limitations and degradation. Despite recent efforts to restore CTVS systems, no social-ecological approach (SES) nor a sustainable livelihoods framework (SLF)-focused approach to ensuring resilient and sustainable livelihood outcomes has been taken. As part of an on-going PhD project, this paper analyses the background, current challenges and potential for an SES focused resilience thinking approach to CTVS for future sustainable livelihood opportunities and outcomes. The study finds CTVS exhibit all the properties of a complex adaptive SES and that a resilience thinking approach centred on achieving sustainable livelihood outcomes for communities suggests deep institutional changes are needed. CTVS are at a crossroads between restoring the past (system adaptability) or transforming for the future, and a combination of legacy and future market orientation seems the best solution.

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