Overview on Digital Twin for Autonomous Electrical Vehicles Propulsion Drive System

The significant progress in the electric automotive industry brought a higher need for new technological innovations. Digital Twin (DT) is one of the hottest trends of the fourth industrial revolution. It allows representing physical assets under various operating conditions in a low-cost and zero-risk environment. DTs are used in many different fields from aerospace to healthcare. However, one of the perspective applications of such technology is the automotive industry. This paper presents an overview of the implementation of DT technology in electric vehicles (EV) propulsion drive systems. A general review of DT technology is supplemented with main applications analysis and comparison between different simulation technologies. Primary attention is given to the adaptation of DT technology for EV propulsion drive systems.

Distribution of Wealth for Sustainable Happiness

The richest one percent of the entire population of the world now owns more than half of the global wealth which shows global wealth is unequally distributed. Moreover, this is assumed that sustainable growth is impossible based on impossibility theorem. Considering the above, the study has been conducted and critically overviewed the wealth distribution of an ancient period based on Islamic rules and practice. Upon study, it has been found that people are very much self-centered and unaware of the broader perspective like searching happiness instead of immediate wealth maximization. The finding has also shown that right of inheritances, relatives, neighbors, society, and state should be defined clearly and need distribution of wealth based on definition. If we become more self-centered, we will find ourselves helpless. Here, wealth means knowledge and physical assets.

An Improvement Framework for Maintenance Management

Maintenance is one of the main stages to deliver business outcomes from physical assets over their life cycles. However, as unexpected events and performance may occur in maintenance management, organizations shall be aware of how to address them as well as other opportunities for improvement. Accordingly, this chapter intends to present an improvement framework for maintenance management. The first two sections provide an introduction to maintenance management improvement and its interface with the ISO 55000 series for asset management and the maintenance management model (MMM). Then, the proposed framework and its activities for improvement in maintenance management are discussed in the third section. The fourth section addresses an overview of the main RCA techniques to support the framework implementation. Finally, a hydroelectric power plant case study is discussed to demonstrate the framework in a real operational context.

Cotton production for the sustainable livelihoods in Punjab Pakistan: a case study of district Muzaffargarh

Purpose This study aims to analyze access of cotton growers to Sustainable Livelihoods Assets Pakistani Punjab. Design/methodology/approach This study uses the department for international development (DFID’s) sustainable livelihoods framework (DFID) (1999). Where data collection was done by using a well-structured questionnaire from 200 randomly selected cotton growers of the district Muzaffargarh. There are five livelihood assets (human assets, natural assets, financial assets, physical assets and social assets) in the SLF, this study has used three different indicators/proxies for each asset except natural assets, where four indicators were used to capture the salient features of the respondents’ access to that assets. Each indicator was given a weight by using the entropy technique to keep the consistency of the quantification. Livelihood assets indices were calculated in case of each livelihood asset for conducting Livelihood Assets Pentagon Analysis. Value of livelihood index ranged from 0–4. Findings Livelihoods Assets Pentagon analysis shows that cotton growers do not have proper access to all five livelihood assets. The asset with the highest capacity were social assets (sustainable livelihood index value = 0.3994), followed by natural assets (0.3294), financial assets (0.2511), human assets (0.2143) and physical assets (0.0897). Originality/value This study uses the SLF developed by DFID for analyzing factors affecting access to livelihoods assets of cotton growers in Pakistani Punjab. Sustainable agriculture and sustainable rural livelihoods lead to sustainable livelihoods where environment quality is taken into consideration. The study contains significant and new information.

Smart Digital Monitoring Tool

Smart Digital Monitoring Tool As the world is currently going through a wave of rapid digital transformations, finding digital solutions in the oil and gas industry today is more important than ever. Not only is digital transformation one of the main pillars needed to embrace the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0), but it is also indispensable to achieve operational excellence. By connecting process parameters and physical assets with digital monitoring tools, more accurate insights can be gained, which enables real-time responses to challenges and proactive corrective actions. Different tools and multiple dashboards have been employed to monitor different focus areas such as crude quality, environmental performance, energy consumption, and critical process parameters and chemicals consumption. In spite of the several available tools to monitor and summarize the facilities performance and key performance indicators (KPIs), taking quick and proactive actions to resolve the issues and improve the performance remains challenging sometimes. This is because for digital transformation to have a stronger impact, it better be integrated across the whole business focus area. This means that a single and comprehensive tool will help identify areas for improvement — timely and quickly by the Operations, Maintenance and Engineering (OME) team. In line with Saudi Aramco's Operational Excellence (OE) program, and to produce oil and gas in an efficient, cost-effective, reliable and responsible manner, a comprehensive and creative smart tool has been developed to deliver energy with better quality, enhanced safety, improved reliability, continuous sustainably, and increased efficiency.

Methodology and Tools for Digital Twin Management—The FA3ST Approach

The concept of digital twins (DT) has already been discussed some decades ago. Digital representations of physical assets are key components in industrial applications as they are the basis for decision making. What is new is the conceptual approach to consider DT as well-defined software entities themselves that follow the whole lifecycle of their physical counterparts from the engineering, operation up to the discharge, and hence, have their own type description, identity, and lifecycle. This paper elaborates on this idea and argues the need for systematic DT engineering and management. After a conceptual description of DT, the paper proposes a DT lifecycle model and presents methodologies and tools for DT management, also in the context of Industrie 4.0 concepts, such as the asset administration shell (AAS), the international data spaces (IDS), and IEC standards (such as OPC UA and AML). As a tool example for the support of DT engineering and management, the Fraunhofer-advanced AAS tools for digital twins (FA3ST) are presented in more detail.

Private companies and community collaboration: Towards building disaster resilience in Diepsloot, Johannesburg, South Africa

The responsibility for building community resilience cannot and should not rest with the public sector alone. It requires all sectors to collaborate for the benefit of the entire community. Specifically, it is important for private sector organisations to participate in building community resilience because they have vested interest in the area because of their physical assets, suppliers, customers and corporate value of social responsibility. This article explores collaboration between private companies and community of Diepsloot, Johannesburg, South Africa, to build disaster resilience in the community. The study applied qualitative research methods. Data were collected through focus group interviews with the community of Diepsloot and semi-structured individual interviews with representatives of private companies operating in the vicinity of Diepsloot. A total of 55 respondents participated in the study. Respondents included five corporate social responsibility (CSR) managers from private companies and 50 community members. The findings of the study showed that private companies are involved in addressing socio-economic challenges in Diepsloot. Addressing such challenges contributes a great deal to reducing exposure to hazards and the vulnerability factors to disasters, thereby contributing to building resilience. Whereas some respondents preferred the private companies to work with the communities directly, the study recommends the use of community structures such as Community Based Organisations (CBOs) when private companies engage in community initiatives. The article contributes to better understanding of the private sector’s contribution to build community resilience.

Mapping business models for Sangalang Hapakat Oyster Mushroom Business Group, Tanjung Sangalang Village, Central Kahayan District, Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan

This study aims to map business models of the Sangalang Hapakat oyster mushroom business group. The research was conducted in the village of Tanjung Sangalang, Central Kahayan District, Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan which is located around the Tanjung Sangalang Village Forest (HD) area. The business group has cultivated oyster mushrooms for a long time and made it the main source of livelihood other than fishing. This research is qualitative research with a case study technique. The analytical method used is the Business Model Canvas (BMC) approach with 9 block elements. The research result showed that the customer segments of the business group are segmented markets. The value propositions given are quality products and various products with affordable prices. Company channels are in the form of direct and indirect sales. The customer relationship developed is in the form of personal assistance. Meanwhile, revenue streams are derived from product sales and revenue from training. Key resources consist of physical assets, group-owned capital, and trained human resources. Key activities include cultivation, packaging, and distribution. The key partnership consists of producers of raw materials such as sawdust producers, plastic shops, and mushroom seed producers. Finally, the cost structure includes several costs for raw material supply, transportation, and production equipment.

The Virtual Enterprise: enterprise transformation enabled by strategic digital acceleration

Purpose The Virtual Enterprise model expands potential for extreme digitalization, extended value chains and intelligent workflows, along with new partnership and ecosystem approaches. Design/methodology/approach Analysis of a new survey of more than 7000 C-suite executives conducted by the IBM Institute for Business Value (IBV) provides new and striking insights into what operational, organizational and cultural environments are most conducive to effective and enduring digital transformation. Findings The Virtual Enterprise re-imagines how and where work is done, re-evaluating the necessity for physical assets, infrastructure and talent. Practical/implications The single most important characteristic of the Virtual Enterprise is “openness”, which brings value at three levels: inside the enterprise, with partners outside the enterprise and with the wider ecosystem. Originality/value The research found that the high technology adopters who focus on “openness” and “ecosystems” enjoy a 40 percent revenue growth performance premium over their advanced competitors.