Performance of polymeric viscosity improver as bio-lubricant additives

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 634-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arif Dandan ◽  
Syahrullail Samion ◽  
Nurul Farhanah Azman ◽  
Fazila Mohd Zawawi ◽  
Mohd Kameil Abdul Hamid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Acetate Copolymer ◽  
Eva Copolymer ◽  
Reducing Properties

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of polymeric viscosity improver on the tribological performance of palm kernel methyl ester (PKME). Design/methodology/approach Tribological performances of the PKME added with the various concentration of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) were evaluated using four-ball tribotester under extreme pressure condition. The morphologies of the worn surfaces were observed by using the optical microscope. Findings The addition of polymeric viscosity improver (EVA copolymer) has produced positive results towards the tribological properties of PKME. In total, 4 per cent of EVA copolymer is found as the optimum concentration by improving the friction reducing properties and anti-wear behaviour due to the formation of film thickness between two rubbing surfaces. Originality/value This work might contribute to the development of vegetable oils as a new source of environmental-friendly lubricant.

Friction condition of aluminum alloy AA6061 lubricated with bio-lubricant in cold forging test

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiman Yahaya ◽  
Syahrullail Samion
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Palm Stearin ◽  
Cold Forging ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ring Compression ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Friction Performance

Purpose Cold forging operation is one of the widely used techniques in industry production. This paper aims to present a case study in highlighting and modelling the use of different type of palm oil-based [palm stearin (PS), palm kernel oil (PKO) and palm mid olein (PMO)] as a bio-lubricant in cold forging process using experimental and finite element method. Design/methodology/approach Ring compression test plays a fundamental role in the understanding of materials science and engineering because of the deformation, friction and wear behaviour. Aluminium (A6061) was used in this test to observe the deformation of the ring with different palm oil and its derivatives by comparing with commercial metal forming oil. Findings The presence of certain type of palm oil-based lubricant has a good performance compared to mineral-based oil in terms of surface roughness but when observed in terms of friction the result shows that palm oil-based lubricant has poor friction performance compared to mineral oil-based lubricant (m = 0.25), where PS has the lowest friction at m = 0.3 compared to PKO (m = 0.35) and PMO (m = 0.38). Research limitations/implications This research is using palm oil in cold forging test to study the friction, formation and stress at certain levels of stroke. The detail of the test is explained in the manuscript as attached. Social implications This research is trying to promote the use of biodegradable material to reduce pollution to the surrounding. Originality/value The originality of this paper has been checked using Turnitin and the result is 13%.

Wear Behaviour of Binary Oil Mixtures Under Extreme-Pressure Conditions

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Fernandez Rico ◽  
A. Hernandez Battez ◽  
R. Chou Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Aisi 52100 ◽  
Oil Mixtures ◽  
Aisi 52100 Steel ◽  
Made In

This work presents and discusses the extreme-pressure properties of binary oil mixtures made with a low viscosity polyalphaolefin (PAO 6) and two esters (TMP-05 and sunflower oil, SO). Tests were made in a four-ball machine tester using the ASTM D 2783-88. The ball test material was AISI 52100 steel, 12.7 mm. in diameter, with a hardness of about 65 HRC. The wear scar diameter (WSD) was measured with an optical microscope. The results showed that: although PAO 6, TMP-05 and SO have different physical properties, they perform similar behavior under high loads; TMP-05 and SO have better results in wear tests than PAO 6, but their extreme-pressure properties are similar; and TMP-05 and SO act as wear reducers when they are added to PAO 6, but they do not improve its behavior under high loads.

scholarly journals Fingerprint analysis of FTIR spectra of polymers containing vinyl acetate

DYNA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (209) ◽  
pp. 198-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelio Ramírez-Hernández ◽  
Celia Aguilar-Flores ◽  
Alejandro Aparicio-Saguilán
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Fingerprint Analysis ◽  
Linear Chains ◽  
Fingerprint Region ◽  
Acetate Copolymer ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer ◽  
Eva Copolymer ◽  
Eva Copolymers

The analysis of materials using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has a unique area called the fingerprint region for each compound. However, this area is almost never discussed because of its complexity due to the large number of signals that appear in it. In this work, the fingerprint region analysis of the ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) with different percentages of vinyl acetate (VA) (18%, 28%, 40%) was performed. In comparison with other instrumental techniques, the crystallinity and structural arrangement of the EVA copolymers were determined simply and economically. The crystallinities for EVA18, EVA28 and EVA40 were 24.39%, 6.95% and1.03%, respectively. In terms of structural ordering, the number of linear chains of EVA copolymer decreases as the concentration of VA increases, which favors the reduction of degrees of freedom and the formation of hydrogen bonds.

Influence of ageing treatment on microstructure, mechanical properties and adhesive wear behaviour of 6063 aluminium alloy

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serkan Büyükdoğan ◽  
Süleyman Gündüz ◽  
Mustafa Türkmen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Al Alloys ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Strain Ageing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Static Strain ◽  
Structural Applications

Purpose – The paper aims to provide new observations about static strain ageing in aluminium (Al) alloys which are widely used in structural applications. Design/methodology/approach – The present work aims to provide theoretical and practical information to industries or researchers who may be interested in the effect of static strain ageing on mechanical properties of Al alloys. The data are sorted into the following sections: introduction, materials and experimental procedure, results and discussion and conclusions. Findings – Tensile strength, proof strength (0.2 per cent) and percentage elongation measurement were used to investigate the effect of strain ageing on the mechanical properties. Wear tests were performed by sliding the pin specimens, which were prepared from as-received, solution heat-treated, deformed and undeformed specimens after ageing, on high-speed tool steel (64 HRC). It is concluded that the variations in ageing time improved the strength and wear resistance of the 6063 Al alloy; however, a plastically deformed solution-treated alloy has higher strength and wear resistance than undeformed specimens for different ageing times at 180°C. Practical implications – A very useful source of information for industries using or planning to produce Al alloys. Originality/value – This paper fulfils an identified resource need and offers practical help to the industries.

scholarly journals Indicator Layers Based on Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymer (EVA) and Dicyanovinyl Azobenzene Dyes for Fast and Selective Evaluation of Vaporous Biogenic Amines

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4361
Author(s):  
Tinkara Mastnak ◽  
Aleksandra Lobnik ◽  
Gerhard Mohr ◽  
Matjaž Finšgar
Keyword(s):  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Yellow Orange ◽  
Colour Changes ◽  
Limit Sensitivity ◽  
Linear Concentration Range ◽  
Acetate Copolymer ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer

The article presents naked-eye methods for fast, sensitive, and selective detection of isopentylamine and cadaverine vapours based on 4-N,N-dioctylamino-4′-dicyanovinylazobenzene (CR-528) and 4-N,N-dioctylamino-2′-nitro-4′-dicyanovinylazobenzene (CR-555) dyes immobilized in ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). The reaction of CR-528/EVA and CR-555/EVA indicator layers with isopentylamine vapours caused a vivid colour change from pink/purple to yellow/orange-yellow. Additionally, CR-555/EVA showed colour changes upon exposure to cadaverine. The colour changes were analysed by ultraviolet–visible (UV/VIS) molecular absorption spectroscopy for amine quantification, and the method was partially validated for the detection limit, sensitivity, and linear concentration range. The lowest detection limits were reached with CR-555/EVA indicator layers (0.41 ppm for isopentylamine and 1.80 ppm for cadaverine). The indicator layers based on EVA and dicyanovinyl azobenzene dyes complement the existing library of colorimetric probes for the detection of biogenic amines and show great potential for food quality control.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document