Life-course patterns of new working-class youth in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Gavrilyuk
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Life Strategy ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Life Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Life Course Studies ◽  
Class Youth

PurposeThis article aims to explore the dominant normative patterns that establish the timing and order of life events, determining the desirable life strategies for working-class youth in modern Russia.Design/methodology/approachExploring the interrelationship between new working-class studies and life-course studies, this research combines the consideration of life course as a structurally organised integrity with a phenomenological perspective on the study of life strategies. The empirical basis of research consists of a survey of 1532 young working-class representatives living in the Ural Federal District of Russia and biographical in-depth interviews with 31 of them.FindingsThe study resulted in persisting significance and values of traditional life-course structures while showing that the current social conditions do not allow for this life strategy to be fulfilled. Young workers choose adaptation and survival life strategies that restrict the realisation of their professional and cultural potential. The obtained data have confirmed the presence of some worldwide tendencies, such as the dispersion of events during transition to adulthood, a combination of schooling and full-time work and an earlier career start of working-class representatives.Originality/valueThe sequencing and timing of life-course events of Russian working-class youth is an original research topic. The present study proposes and substantiates the notion of the new working class and criteria for its definition.

The Transition to Adulthood among Japanese Youths

2013 ◽  
Vol 646 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Ishida
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
The Past ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Opposite Sex

This study examines courtship and activities leading to courtship among Japanese youths. Courtship is an important topic because it influences the chances of eventual marriage. The analyses of the Japanese Life Course Panel Survey show 42 percent of young unmarried people without a partner actively sought a dating partner during the past year. The most popular activity among both men and women was asking friends for introductions. Men tended to engage in partner-search activities when they were highly educated, had a full-time job, intended to get married, and had opportunities to meet the opposite sex. Among women, the intention to marry was the key factor in predicting the likelihood of partner-search activities, in addition to family assets. The effect of the partner search on the chances of finding a partner appears to be greatest for the men and women least likely to engage in partner searches.

scholarly journals Precarity, Inequality, and the Problem of Agency in the Study of the Life Course

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale Dannefer ◽  
Wenxuan Huang, MGS
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Contemporary Problem ◽  
Major Theme ◽  
Theoretical Interest ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Domains Of Life ◽  
Life Course Studies ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Life Course

Abstract Although long neglected, the themes of inequality and the differentiating consequences of structurally organized constraints and opportunities for individuals have recently become a major theme of scholars in aging and life-course studies. Beyond the evidence of intracohort patterns of cumulative dis/advantage in health and resources, recent societal trends of increasing inequality have added another dimension of theoretical interest and practical urgency to these concerns. These trends have been noteworthy both for the dramatic increase and for their planetary breadth, affecting Asia and Europe as well as America. Both researchers and popular writers have observed the growing importance of the precariat, an emerging subpopulation with tenuous connection to the primary economy encompasses individuals of every age. At the same time, individual agency and related concepts such as “choice” and “decision-making” continue regularly to appear as featured terms in studies of life course and related fields. Such concepts accord a strong explanatory force to the individual, and continue to be widely accepted as unproblematic and legitimate. This article examines the relevance of these two domains of life-course scholarship in analyzing an urgent contemporary problem—struggles associated with the “transition to adulthood” and the situation of young adults. Young people confronting this transition have been the focus of both the celebration of agency and of the growing attention on inequality and adversity and its effects on vulnerable periods and key transitions in the life course. Their situation provides an opportunity to resolve some of the tensions between perspectives that emphasize agency and those that emphasize inequality.

scholarly journals The generation game

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Uracha Chatrakul Na Ayudhya
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Individual Choice ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gen Y

Purpose – Explores the limited value of concepts such as Baby-Boomer, Generation X (Gen X) and Generation Y (Gen Y) and advances the view that life course is more valuable. Design/methodology/approach – Examines how young adults in Britain, born between 1975 and 1982, conceptualized the notion of work-life balance as they were about to leave university and enter full-time paid employment. Findings – Reveals that the notion of individual choice strongly underpins young adults’ conceptualization of work-life balance and expectations of work-life balance support; while young British and Asian adults largely considered it to be a matter of individual choice, there were variations in their preferences for how to prioritize their impending employment and personal lives; and four emerging patterns of work-life balance orientation preferences were found – balancer, careerist, career-sacrificer and integrator. Practical implications – Provides support for the argument that the work-life balance perceptions of young adults who would belong to the so-called Gen Y cannot be generalized and simplified as being either work-centric or life-centric. The picture is a lot more complex given the diversity within this group of young adults. Social implications – Highlights how, instead of looking for generational differences (or age-related differences) which can be divisive, it is more useful to look at the issue of multi-generations in a broader way. Originality/value – By using a life-course approach instead of a generational approach, is able to take into account how past transitions have shaped the way work-life balance was discussed by the young adults and how anticipated future transitions were expected by the young adults to change their needs and therefore expectations of employer and government support.

Perceptions of thanks in the workplace

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystalee Webb Beck
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Employee Satisfaction ◽  
Corporate Communication ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Day To Day Operations ◽  
Survey Responses

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the use, effectiveness, and dark sides of gratitude communications in workplace organizations. From the perspective of the subordinate employee, this study offers managers applicable insight into best practices for expressing appreciation. Design/methodology/approach – The original research incorporates a two-part study; narratives from three focus groups, and quantitative survey responses from 883 full-time professionals across a spectrum of industries. Findings – The usage of various gratitude mediums (verbal, electronic, handwritten, monetary, etc.) is discussed. Most employees prefer verbal one-on-one gratitude to any other form. Sincerity is highly important to employees, which was found to be indicated by specificity, personalization, timeliness, and equivalency. Research limitations/implications – Although it is presumed the majority of the 883 survey participants were from the USA, they were never asked to indicate their location. Conducting the same research in another country with a different value of gratitude could yield different results. While this study focusses on managerial expression of gratitude to their employees, there’s a compelling need to explore the converse: best practices for how employees should express appreciation to their managers. To complete the organizational ecosystem, it would also be valuable to explore the most effective methods of gratitude in peer-to-peer workplace relationships. Practical implications – The synthesis of experiential themes offers practical applications for executives, managers, and corporate communication leaders seeking to improve day-to-day operations and overall employee satisfaction in their organizations. Social implications – In the corporate communication landscape, the results of this study should cause management professionals and scholars to reflect on gratitude communication in managerial interactions with employees and the resulting employee satisfaction (or lack thereof). Originality/value – Understanding how employees like to be thanked can have great value for organizations seeking to maintain a productive, satisfied workforce.

Ambivalent Relationships: London's Youth Culture and the Making of the Multi-Racial Society in the 1960s

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Fuhg
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Youth Culture ◽  
Global Culture ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
White Working Class ◽  
Ambivalent Relationship ◽  
Post War ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Class Youth

The emergence and formation of British working-class youth cultures in the 1960s were characterized by an ambivalent relationship between British identity, global culture and the formation of a multicultural society in the post-war decades. While national and local newspapers mostly reported on racial tensions and racially-motivated violence, culminating in the Notting Hill riots of 1958, the relationship between London's white working-class youth and teenagers with migration backgrounds was also shaped by a reciprocal, direct and indirect, personal and cultural exchange based on social interaction and local conditions. Starting from the Notting Hill Riots 1958, the article reconstructs places and cultural spheres of interaction between white working-class youth and teenagers from Caribbean communities in London in the 1960s. Following debates and discussions on race relations and the participation of black youth in the social life of London in the 1960s, the article shows that British working-class youth culture was affected in various ways by the processes of migration. By dealing with the multicultural dimension of the post-war metropolis, white working-class teenagers negotiated socio-economic as well as political changes, contributing in the process to an emergent, new image of post-imperial Britain.

Maximum Security

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-2020) ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
Margo Okazawa-Rey ◽  
Gwyn Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Air Force ◽  
International Security ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Prison System ◽  
Correctional Facilities ◽  
Latina Women ◽  
Physical Force ◽  
Maximum Security ◽  
Class Youth

Okazawa-Rey and Kirk argue that the term maximum security, used in the context of the prison system, is an oxymoron. Jails, prisons, and other ‘correctional’ facilities provide no real security for communities, guards and other prison officials, or inmates. Imprisoning two million people, building more prisons, identifying poor and working-class youth of colour as ‘gang members,’ and criminalizing poor Black and Latina women does not increase security. Rather, the idea of security must be redefined in sharp contrast to everyday notions of personal security that are based on the protection of material possessions by locks and physical force, as well as prevailing definitions of national and international security based on a militarization that includes the police, border patrols, and armed forces such as the Navy, Army, Marines, and Air Force. To achieve genuine security, we must address the major sources of insecurity: economic, social, and political inequalities among and within nations and communities. The continual objectification of ‘others’ is a central mechanism underlying systems of oppression—and insecurity—based on class, race, gender, nation, and other significant lines of difference.

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